Procesos: revista ecuatoriana de historia. 5 (SOLO LIBROS/Reseñas)

Presenta las reseñas de los libros siguientes: JORGE SALVADOR LARA, QUITO, MADRID, EDITORIAL MAPFRE, COLECCIÓN ""CIUDADES DE IBEROAMÉRlCA"", 1992, 404 PP. -- JUAN MIGUEL BÁKULA, PERÚ y ECUADOR: TIEMPOS y TESTIMONIOS DE UNA VECINDAD. 3 TOMOS. LIMA, CENTRO PERUANO DE ESTUDIOS INTERNACIONALES, CEPEI, ASOCIACIÓN PERUANA PARA EL FOMENTO DE LAS CIENCIAS SOCIALES, FOMCIENCIAS,1993. -- PILAR PONCE LEIVA, (COMP.), RELACIONES HISTÓRICO-GEOGRÁFICAS DE LA AUDIENClA DE QUITO, TOMO II, FUENTES PARA LA HISTORIA ANDINA, QUITO, MARKA - ABYA YALA, 1994. -- KAREN POWERS, PRENDAS CON PIES: MIGRACIONES Y SUPERVIVENCIA CULTURAL EN LA AUDIENCIA DE QUITO, QUITO, ABYA YALA, 1994.

Integridade da pele em idosos: revisão da literatura segundo as cartas de promoção da saúde

Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica que objetivou relacionar as medidas educativas para a promoção da integridade da pele em idosos com as Cartas de Promoção da Saúde. Realizou-se a busca nas bases de dados CINAHL, SCOPUS, LILACS e COCHRANE, nos portais CAPES e BVS e na biblioteca PUBMED, mediante a aplicação dos descritores Health Education; Skin e Aged. Os resultados dos 7 artigos analisados apontaram como principais medidas educativas: inspeção diária da pele, cuidados com calçados e com os pés, uso regular de protetor solar e mudanças de decúbito. Essas medidas estavam relacionadas com as seguintes Cartas de Promoção da Saúde: Ottawa, Declaração de Santafé de Bogotá e Declaração de Jacarta. Conclui-se que as medidas educativas, baseadas nas Cartas, são de grande relevância para a criação de uma cultura de saúde, com enfoque na população e no indivíduo como agentes executores imprescindíveis para o alcance da promoção da saúde

Estudio de suministro de gas natural desde Venezuela y Colombia a Costa Rica y Panamá

Incluye Bibliografía

Efeito do modelo de periodização com cargas seletivas sobre capacidades motoras durante um mesociclo preparatório em jogadores de futsal

The aim of this study was to verify the effect of selective loads model in professional futsal players, during a preparatory mesocycle. Nine futsal professional players (23±2 anos), from the team of Federation Paulista of soccer indoor championship, composed the sample, characterized by intentional. The players were evaluated in two moments although of a preparatory mesocycle, microcycle 2 (PRE) and microcycle 7 (POS), by the tests of intermittent aerobic fitness, horizontal jump, one leg triple jump, velocity of 15m, agility and anaerobic power. The statistical analysis included the Student-t and Wilxocon tests (P<0.05). The results of horizontal jump, intermittent aerobic fitness and medium power improved, the velocity at 15 m decreased. The select loads model is a good option for the periodization to preparatory mesocycle in futsal.

Trimming and washing poultry carcass to reduce microbial contamination: A comparative study

The objective of this study was to compare the efficiency of washing and trimming broiler carcasses to reduce bacterial contamination. At the poste-visceration site, 100 broiler carcasses were collected during 4 visits to a slaughterhouse in Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Birds were from the same flock, age, and approximately 2.4 kg of weight. Groups were as follows: group 1, with fecal contamination; group 2, without fecal contamination; group 3, with fecal contamination and trimmed; group 4, with fecal contamination and washed; group 5, with fecal contamination, and washed and trimmed. Carcass washings were performed with at least 1.5 L/bird of potable water (0.5 to 1 mg/kg of residual chlorine) at room temperature (20-25 degrees C) using spray cabinets with 44 spray nozzles distributed into 2 chambers (pressure of 2 kgf/cm(2) and 4 kgf/cm(2)). Washed carcasses (trimmed or not) showed significantly (P < 0.05) lower counts of aerobic mesophiles (plate count agar) on the third evaluation, and even lower (P < 0.01) counts for total coliforms (CT) and fecal coliforms (Escherichia coli). Trimmed carcasses showed significantly lower counts (P < 0.05) for plate count agar; however, we observed higher counts for E. coli (P < 0.05). The association of both treatments (washing and trimming) showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) counts for coliforms (CT and E. coli). We can conclude that the washing method is overall more efficient than the trimming method to decontaminate chicken carcasses at the postevisceration site. Hopefully, our findings can help poultry companies to minimize production costs by applying the washing method for carcass decontamination.

Epidemiological aspects of dog bites considering biter dogs and victims

The aim of this study was to characterize dog bites using data on biter dogs and victims. An exploratory cross-sectional study was performed using 203 records of individuals who had attended in public health services in 2009 in the municipality of Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil, after they had been bitten by a dog. Over 70% (92/129) of the biter dogs were male and most of them (71%) received as a gift. Dog owners reported companionship as the main reason for acquiring the dog. The victims who were children were predominantly male, while the victims who were elderly were predominantly female. Most children were bitten on the head/neck, while adults were bitten on the hands/feet and lower limbs (p<0.0001). The owner of the dog was known in 83.2% of cases. However, rabies observation of the biter dog following the attack was only reported in 59.4% of cases. Situations involving aggression were related to dogs having escaped from their home (18.7%) or roaming free on the streets (17.0%). The analysis of biting dog characteristics using information obtained from dog bite victims and biting dog owners can help direct the medical treatment for dog bite victims. Moreover, concepts of responsible dog ownership can reduce the occurrence of bites.

Case report: Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CDLS)

The Cornélia of Lange´s syndrome is a genetic anomaly, described and published by Cornelia Catharina of Lange in 1933, however, their aspects were described previously by Winfried Robert Clemens Brechmann in 1916, that’s why it is also known as Brachmann of Lange’s syndrome. The most frequent clinical characteristics include typical face dismorfia, variable degree of mental delay, anomalies of the hands and feet, multiple malformations, retardation of the pre and postnatal physical development and microcephaly variable intellectual compromising. Some facial characteristics are peculiar and they are mixed with the inherited lines of their own family, the united brows, the long lashes, the small nose, the round face, the fine lips and lightly inverted. As oral manifestations they present micrognathia, dental crowding, periodontal disease, delayed dental eruption, enamel hypoplasia, erosion of the enamel and dentine caused by stomach acids of the gastroesophageal reflux and atresia of the dental arches. The purpose of this paper is to present a clinical report of a boy bearer of this syndrome assisted at CAOE - FOA - UNESP, emphasizing the importance of multiprofessional team for the diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome.

Tratamiento de la hiperhidrosis palmar primaria por acupuntura: a propósito de un caso

Primary hyperhidrosis is an excessive sweating disorder that occurs in axillae, palms, soles, and craniofacial region. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) it is a water metabolism disorder. This study presents a case report treated with TCM, showing more satisfactory results than those by conventional treatments.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in river bank soils

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous and found in the atmosphere, aquatic environment, sediments and soils. For environmental risk assessments and the allocation of the polluter it is important to know the PAH sources. PAH contamination sites are usually the result of anthropogenic processes. Three major sources are known: i) petroleum, including crude oil and its refined products and coals (petrogenic PAHs), ii) burning of organic matter (pyrogenic PAHs) and iii) transformation products of natural organic precursors present in the environment (diagenetic processes). In one case elevated PAH concentrations were found in river bank soils when building a retention area along the Mosel River. The source of the PAHs in this area was unclear and required the investigation of possible sources. To evaluate the PAH distribution along the Mosel River, a section of ~ 160 km along the river and a short section along the Saar River were investigated within this study. Concentrations of the Σ16 EPA PAHs were as high as 81 mg kg-1 dry weight (dw). Additionally, coal particles were identified in some soils, which originated from mining activities in the Saarland region. PAH distribution patterns of the 16 EPA PAHs suggest a mainly pyrogenic origin and in some cases a mixture of pyrogenic and petrogenic origin. For a comprehensive investigation five sampling sites were selected. Two sites were located before the confluence of the Mosel and Saar River, one site at the confluence and two sites after the confluence. The examination included typical forensic methods such as PAH distribution patterns of 45 PAHs (including alkylated PAHs), calculation of PAH ratios, determination of PAH alkyl homologues, n-alkanes, principal component analysis (PCA) and coal petrography. The results revealed a mainly pyrogenic source at sampling sites before the confluence of the two rivers. At and after the confluence, a mixture of pyrogenic and petrogenic inputs were present. With the help of coal petrography, coal derived particles could be identified in these soils. Therefore, coal was suggested to be the petrogenic source. It could be shown that sites with diffuse sources of contaminants, like the bank soils of the Mosel River, are difficult to characterize. As previously mentioned for detailed source identifications, the use of various forensic methods is essential. Determination of PAH alkyl homologue series, biomarkers and isotopes are often recommended. Source identification was evaluated using three different methods (i.e. PAH distribution patterns of an extended PAH spectrum, PAH ratios and analyses of n-alkanes). It was assessed if these methods were sufficient for the initial steps in identifying sources of PAHs in selected samples, and if they could be used for decision-making purposes. Point- and non-point sources were identified by applying the three methods and it could be shown that these relatively simple methods are sufficient in determining the primary source. In a last step of this study two soils (one before the confluence of the Mosel and Saar rivers and one after the confluence), and one sediment of the Mosel River were evaluated by investigating the mutagenic potential of the soils and the sediment with a fluctuation version of the Ames-test. The study showed that coal bearing soils at the Mosel River do not exhibit a greater mutagenic potential than other soils or sediments without coal particles.

Trastornos de autoagresión hacia las uñas. Autoagressive nail disoreders

Background and objective: Autoaggressive nail disorders span a wide range of clinical changes, but they often remain undiagnosed. This article is intended to help the practitioner to make the correct diagnosis and institute an accepted treatment. Material and method: The patient charts of 1800 patients seen by the author between the years 2000-2011 in 6 different European countries were evaluated using photographs of finger and toenails. Results: The most common condition is onycholysis induced by overzealous manicure. The habit tic of maniacally pushing back the proximal nail fold of one or both thumb nails is frequent and often misdiagnosed. Heller’s median canaliform dystrophy is probably also due to a similar injury mechanism. Onychophagia is relatively com- mon and seen both in children and adults. Onychotillomania is less frequent and almost exclusively seen in adults. Onychotemnomania is even less frequent. Onychoteiromania is sowhere between the latter two habits. Onychodaknomania is exceptional and usually a sign of an underlying psychiatric disorder. There was no substantial difference in the prevalence of these conditions among the different countries visited. Conclusions: Auto aggressive nail injury is common, but often difficult to diagnose. Patient care requires not only an in-depth knowledge of virtually all nail diseases, but also a cautious and empathic patient examination and treatment

Identification, quantification, spatiotemporal distribution and genetic variation of major latex secondary metabolites in the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale agg.)

The secondary metabolites in the roots, leaves and flowers of the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale agg.) have been studied in detail. However, little is known about the specific constituents of the plant’s highly specialized laticifer cells. Using a combination of liquid and gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, we identified and quantified the major secondary metabolites in the latex of different organs across different growth stages in three genotypes, and tested the activity of the metabolites against the generalist root herbivore Diabrotica balteata. We found that common dandelion latex is dominated by three classes of secondary metabolites: phenolic inositol esters (PIEs), triterpene acetates (TritAc) and the sesquiterpene lactone taraxinic acid β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (TA-G). Purification and absolute quantification revealed concentrations in the upper mg g−1 range for all compound classes with up to 6% PIEs, 5% TritAc and 7% TA-G per gram latex fresh weight. Contrary to typical secondary metabolite patterns, concentrations of all three classes increased with plant age. The highest concentrations were measured in the main root. PIE profiles differed both quantitatively and qualitatively between plant genotypes, whereas TritAc and TA-G differed only quantitatively. Metabolite concentrations were positively correlated within and between the different compound classes, indicating tight biosynthetic co-regulation. Latex metabolite extracts strongly repelled D. balteata larvae, suggesting that the latex constituents are biologically active.

El planctus de la Virgen en la Península Ibérica, desde el Quis dabit hasta las Cantigas de Santa María

El término latino que da el castellano "llanto", llegó a designar una especie lírica muy cultivada, el planto (en castellano) o el planh-plany (en occitano-catalán), es decir, el lamento fúnebre por la muerte de una persona querida o un personaje célebre. El gran modelo o paradigma de todo planctus, para la sensibilidad medieval, era el de la Virgen María a los pies de la cruz de Jesús. Se analizan en este trabajo algunos elementos de la tradición del planctus mariano en la Península Ibérica, la cual incluye no sólo célebres poemas de largo aliento como el Duelo de la Virgen de Gonzalo de Berceo, sino también manifestaciones líricas más breves, desde las piezas litúrgicas en latín hasta los poemas de los dolores de la Virgen presentes en las Cantigas de Santa María de Alfonso X.

Los argonautas : La experiencia argentina y la primera novela evocativa de Vicente Blasco Ibáñez

Después de pasar la mayor parte de unos seis años en la Argentina pronunciando conferencias y emprendiendo una aventura colonizadora, Blasco Ibáñez el novelista reaparece en 1914 con Los argonautas, su primera obra evocativa de índole impresionista. Según Rodolfo Cortina Gómez, esta clase de novela aparece en El papa de mar (1925) y A los pies de Venus (1926). En su libro estimable, Cortina Gómez da énfasis a la técnica impresionista de la doble narración, inaugurada por Blasco en Los argonautas con un hilo narrativo en el presente dedicado a los argonautas modernos que viajan al Nuevo Mundo, y el otro hilo dedicado a los argonautas heroicos del pasado. Los argonautas también se distingue de las obras pre-Argentinas en que la estética impresionista es predominante, ya que se nota en el carácter de los personajes, en los temas y motivosv y en el estilo.

El planctus de la Virgen en la Península Ibérica, desde el Quis dabit hasta las Cantigas de Santa María

El término latino que da el castellano "llanto", llegó a designar una especie lírica muy cultivada, el planto (en castellano) o el planh-plany (en occitano-catalán), es decir, el lamento fúnebre por la muerte de una persona querida o un personaje célebre. El gran modelo o paradigma de todo planctus, para la sensibilidad medieval, era el de la Virgen María a los pies de la cruz de Jesús. Se analizan en este trabajo algunos elementos de la tradición del planctus mariano en la Península Ibérica, la cual incluye no sólo célebres poemas de largo aliento como el Duelo de la Virgen de Gonzalo de Berceo, sino también manifestaciones líricas más breves, desde las piezas litúrgicas en latín hasta los poemas de los dolores de la Virgen presentes en las Cantigas de Santa María de Alfonso X.

Los argonautas : La experiencia argentina y la primera novela evocativa de Vicente Blasco Ibáñez

Después de pasar la mayor parte de unos seis años en la Argentina pronunciando conferencias y emprendiendo una aventura colonizadora, Blasco Ibáñez el novelista reaparece en 1914 con Los argonautas, su primera obra evocativa de índole impresionista. Según Rodolfo Cortina Gómez, esta clase de novela aparece en El papa de mar (1925) y A los pies de Venus (1926). En su libro estimable, Cortina Gómez da énfasis a la técnica impresionista de la doble narración, inaugurada por Blasco en Los argonautas con un hilo narrativo en el presente dedicado a los argonautas modernos que viajan al Nuevo Mundo, y el otro hilo dedicado a los argonautas heroicos del pasado. Los argonautas también se distingue de las obras pre-Argentinas en que la estética impresionista es predominante, ya que se nota en el carácter de los personajes, en los temas y motivosv y en el estilo.