957 resultados para Migração em profundidade


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The objective of the present study was to assess the rate of mycelium development of Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler as an effect of depth and supplementation of the sugar cane bagasse substrate with different amounts of rice bran and sugar cane molasses. The experimental design consisted in a 7 × 2 factorial scheme (seven levels of bran or molasses x two growth phases) using autoclavable glass flasks to keep the substrates. The proportions of rice bran tested were: 0, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40% (dry weight/bagasse dry weight), and the concentrations of sugar cane molasses were: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 g/kg substrate. Graph paper strips externally slicked to the flask were used to measure the mycelial development. To differentiate the growth as a function of depth, the mycelial development was divided into two phases: an initial one (upper half of the flask) and a final one (lower half). The rate of mycelium formation was always higher in the early growth than in the final phase regardless of the amount of supplement. High bran proportions reduced the rate of mycelium formation, especially during the final phase, and sugar cane molasses did not affect growth rate.

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Mechanical sugarcane harvest without burning and continuous straw on the soil surface may affect the Rottboellia exaltata infestation dynamics in sugarcane fields. Three greenhouse experiments were conducted with the aim of studying the effects of sowing depth (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 cm), amount of sugarcane straw on the soil surface (0, 5, 10, and 15 ton ha-1), and residual herbicide (clomazone, flumioxazin, imazapyr, isoxaflutole, and s-metolachlor) on the emergence of Rottboellia exaltata. For each experiment, a completely randomized design with four replicates was applied. The combination of mulch on soil surface (especially with larger amounts of straw) with deeper sowing depths provides less emergence and mass accumulation of R. exaltata. In bare soil, the sowing depth did not affect the weed dynamics. Clomazone and imazapyr were effective herbicides controlling R. exaltata regardless of the amount of straw on the soil surface. Flumioxazin was also effective in controlling R. exaltata but only under bare soil conditions. Even with 60 mm of accumulated rainfall over the 4 day period after application, the amount of flumioxazin leached to the soil was not enough to ensure the same control observed when applying the herbicide on bare soil.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)