3D shape extraction of human face in presence of facial hair: A profilometric approach

The increasing use of 3D modeling of Human Face in Face Recognition systems, User Interfaces, Graphics, Gaming and the like has made it an area of active study. Majority of the 3D sensors rely on color coded light projection for 3D estimation. Such systems fail to generate any response in regions covered by Facial Hair (like beard, mustache), and hence generate holes in the model which have to be filled manually later on. We propose the use of wavelet transform based analysis to extract the 3D model of Human Faces from a sinusoidal white light fringe projected image. Our method requires only a single image as input. The method is robust to texture variations on the face due to space-frequency localization property of the wavelet transform. It can generate models to pixel level refinement as the phase is estimated for each pixel by a continuous wavelet transform. In cases of sparse Facial Hair, the shape distortions due to hairs can be filtered out, yielding an estimate for the underlying face. We use a low-pass filtering approach to estimate the face texture from the same image. We demonstrate the method on several Human Faces both with and without Facial Hairs. Unseen views of the face are generated by texture mapping on different rotations of the obtained 3D structure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to estimate 3D for Human Faces in presence of Facial hair structures like beard and mustache without generating holes in those areas.

Novel approach to estimate fringe order in Moire profilometry

A novel approach to estimate fringe order in Moire topography is proposed. Along with the light source used to create shadow of the grating on the object (as in conventional moire), proposed method uses a second light source which illuminates the object with color bands from the side. Width of each colored band is set to match that height which leads to a 2 pi phase shift in moire fringes. This facilitates one to rule the object with colored bands, which can be used to estimate fringe order using a color camera with relatively low spatial resolution with out any compromise in height sensitivity. Current proposal facilitates one to extract 3D profile of objects with surface discontinuities. It also deals with the possible usage of moire topography (when combined with the proposed method) in extracting 3D surface profile of many objects with height discontinuities using a single 2D image. Present article deals with theory and simulations of this novel side illumination based approach.

Holographic optical element based single-mode hybrid fiber optic interferometer for realizing zero-order fringe

A holographic optical element (HOE) based single-mode hybrid fiber optic interferometer for realizing the zero-order fringe is described. The HOE proposed and used integrates the actions of a beam combiner and a lens, and endows the interferometer with high tolerance for repositioning errors. The proposed method is simple and offers advantages such as the elimination of in situ processing for the hologram.

Novel gray coded pattern for unwrapping phase in fringe projection based 3D profiling

A method to reliably extract object profiles even with height discontinuities (that leads to 2n pi phase jumps) is proposed. This method uses Fourier transform profilometry to extract wrapped phase, and an additional image formed by illuminating the object of interest by a novel gray coded pattern for phase unwrapping. Simulation results suggest that the proposed approach not only retains the advantages of the original method, but also contributes significantly in the enhancement of its performance. Fundamental advantage of this method stems from the fact that both extraction of wrapped phase and unwrapping the same were done by gray scale images. Hence, unlike the methods that use colors, proposed method doesn't demand a color CCD camera and is ideal for profiling objects with multiple colors.

Wavelet transform analysis of truncated fringe patterns in 3-D surface profilometry

Wavelet transform analysis of projected fringe pattern for phase recovery in 3-D shape measurement of objects is investigated. The present communication specifically outlines and evaluates the errors that creep in to the reconstructed profiles when fringe images do not satisfy periodicity. Three specific cases that give raise to non-periodicity of fringe image are simulated and leakage effects caused by each one of them are analyzed with continuous complex Morlet wavelet transform. Same images are analyzed with FFT method to make a comparison of the reconstructed profiles with both methods. Simulation results revealed a significant advantage of wavelet transform profilometry (WTP), that the distortions that arise due to leakage are confined to the locations of discontinuity and do not spread out over the entire projection as in the case of Fourier transform profilometry (FTP).

Optical fringe multiplication technique with TEM nano-moiré method

In this paper, a nano-moiré fringe multiplication method is proposed, which can be used to measure nano-deformation of single crystal materials. The lattice structure of Si (111) is recorded on a film at a given magnification under a transmission microscope, which acts as a specimen grating. A parallel grating (binary type) on glass or film is selected as a reference grating. A multiplied nano-moiré fringe pattern can be reproduced in a 4f optical filter system with the specimen grating and the prepared reference grating. The successful results illustrate that this method can be used to measure deformation in nanometre scale. The method is especially useful in the measurement of the inhomogeneous displacement field, and can be utilized to characterize nano-mechanical behaviour of materials such as dislocation and atomic bond failure.

Efecto de tres distancias de siembra y tres alternativas de manejo de enfermedades en el cultivo orgánico de fresa (Fragaria spp) variedad festival, en Las Sabanas, Madriz

El presente trabajo se realizó en el municipio “Las Sabanas”, ubicada en departamento de Somoto-Madríz, durante el periodo de julio del 2005-abril 2006, con el propósito de conocer el efecto de distancias de siembra y tratamiento orgánicos de enfermedades en el cultivo de fresa (fragaria spp). Se utilizó un diseño en Bloque Completo al Azar (BCA) con arreglos en parcelas divididas con tres réplicas, siendo el factor “A”: distancias de siembra (0.25, 0.30 y 0.35 m. entre plantas) y el factor “B”: Tratamientos de enfermedades(trichoderma harzianum, Caldo sulfocálcico y un testigo absoluto). A los efectos obtenidos se les realizó un análisis de varianza (ANDEVA), y separación de medias a través de la prueba de rangos múltiples de tukey (8=0.05). Los resultados del estudio determinaron que el factor densidad de siembra presentó efecto significativo sobre las variables de crecimiento tales como: longitud de foliolo, ancho del foliolo, longitud del pecíolo, número de hojas y número de coronas, destacándose un mayor efecto en la distancia de 0.25m para todas estas variables. Mientras que en los tratamientos para enfermedades hubo efecto significativo en todas las variables antes mencionadas a excepción de la longitud del pecíolo. El mayor efecto lo realizaron el caldo sulfocálcico y el trichodermaharzianum. En el caso de las variables de fruto el mayor efecto significativo lo realizaron las distancias de 0.25 y 0.30m. Con respecto a los grados brix y el espesor de fruto no presentaron significancia estadística. Aunque para los tratamientos el mejor efecto influenciado sobre los fruto fue el caldo sulfocálcico. En cuanto a el mejor rendimiento total obtenido durante los cinco meses de cosecha fue 7,444.44 kg ha-¹ con el tratamiento del Caldo sulfocálcico y la distancia de 0.25 m, seguido de 6550.00 kg ha-¹ con el tratamiento de Trichodermaharzianum y la distancia de 0.30 m.

Efecto de tres laminas de riego y tres dosis de aplicacion de biofertilizante en el cultivo orgánico de fresa (Fragaria spp.) cv Festival en el Castillito, Las Sabanas, Madriz

El presente estudio se realizó con productores de fresa de la comunidad de El Castillito, municipio de Las Sabanas, Madriz, durante el período de abril 2009–abril 2010, con el propósito de conocer los efectos de normas de riego y dosis de biofertilizante en el cultivo de fresa (Fragaria spp.). Se utilizó un diseño de Bloques Completo al Azar (BCA), con un arreglo en franjas con tres réplicas. Se trabajó en parcelas de tres productores, Humberto, Cristian, Celso, las láminas de establecidas en tiempo de 15, 25 y 30 min por día, y las dosis de biofertilizante de 200, 400 y 600 l ha-1. Las variables fueron sujetas a un análisis de varianza (ANDEVA) y agrupaciones de medias mediante LSD (∞=0.05). Las variables de hojas y coronas no fueron afectadas significativamente por los factores. El volumen y peso de fruto fueron afectadas por las normas de riego; no así en la longitud, diámetro y grados Brix. Las dosis de biofertilizante de 600 l ha-1 mostraron efecto significativo en el peso del fruto. De igual manera, los factores evaluados afectaron de manera significativa los rendimientos obtenidos, con valores promedios de 1509.24 kg ha-1 y 1188.24 kg ha-1, para los niveles de 30 minutos y 600 l ha-1, respectivamente. El mayor rendimiento total fue de 3132 kg ha-1 en el tratamiento 30 minutos y 400 l ha-1 en el productor Humberto. Basados en la información mensual de las propiedades psicométricas del aire, se tomaron variables como temperatura, humedad relativa, velocidad del viento y precipitaciones. Se constató que El Castillito cuenta con un ambiente propicio para el desarrollo del cultivo de fresa.

Aplicación nativa en Android del Festival de cine de San Sebastián – Donostia Zinemaldia

Proyecto realizado en colaboración con el Festival de cine de San Sebastián, en el que se ha desarrollado una aplicación nativa Android para la visualización de los contenidos propios del Festival como noticias, imágenes, vídeos y programación entre otros.

Proyecto de festival de carreras de montaña de Aixola

El TFG hace una descripcion y posterior revision de la situacion del deporte de montaña en Euskal herria, para mas adelante realizar una propuesta de realizacion de un festival de carreras de montaña en el embalse de Aixola en el corazon de Euskadi. El Idioma en el que esta escrito es Castellano.

Upstream regulatory region of zebrafish lunatic fringe: Isolation and promoter analysis

Lunatic fringe (Lfng), one modulator of Notch signaling, plays an essential part in demarcation of tissues boundaries during animal early development, especially somitogenesis. To characterize the promoter of zebrafish 1fng and generate somite-specific transgenic zebrafish, we isolated the upstream regulatory region of zebrafish 1fng by blast search at the Ensembl genome database (http://www. ensembl.org) and analyzed the promoter activity using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter. Promoter activity assay in zebrafish shows that the 0.2-kb fragment containing GC-box, CAAT-box, and TATA-box can direct tissue-specific GFP expression, while the 0.4-kb and 1.2-kb fragments with further upstream sequence included drive GFP expression more efficiently. We produced 1fngEGFP-transgenic founders showing somite-specific expression of GFP and consequently generated a hemizygous 1fngEGFP-transgenic line. The eggs from 1fngEGFP-transgenic female zebrafish show strong GFP expression, which is consistent to the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction PCR (RT-PCR) detection of 1fng transcripts in the fertilized eggs. This reveals that zebrafish 1fng is a maternal factor existing in matured eggs, suggesting that fish somitogcnesis may be influenced by maternal factors.