193 resultados para Melanko, Valdemar
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The electrochemical behavior of the interaction of amodiaquine with DNA on a carbon paste electrode was studied using voltametric techniques. In an acid medium, an electroactive adduct is formed when amodiaquine interacts with DNA. The anodic peak is dependent on pH, scan rate and the concentration of the pharmaceutical. Adduct formation is irreversible in nature, and preferentially occurs by interaction of the amodiaquine with the guanine group. Theoretical calculations for optimization of geometry, and DFT analyses and on the electrostatic potential map (EPM), were used in the investigation of adduct formation between amodiaquine and DNA.
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This paper describes the adsorption of 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) from aqueous solution by decomposed peat. The peat presented a good adsorption process, close to 76.2% for E2 removal and approximately 55.0% for EE2. Moreover, the results indicated a probable multi-layered process. Adsorption isotherms were well fitted by Freundlich model. The data were evaluated considering the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order approaches, being the second more significant mechanism in the rate-controlling step. Thermodynamic data revealed that hormones adsorption onto peat is spontaneous under the employed experimental conditions. The results confirmed the potential of this adsorbent to be employed for effluents treatment.
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To choose among the variety of oleaginous plants for biodiesel production, the oil content of several matrices was determined through different low-field ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments with varied pulse sequences, namely single-pulse, spin-echo, CPMG, and CWFP. The experiments that involved the first three sequences showed high correlation with each other and with the solvent extraction method. The quality of the vegetable oils was also evaluated on the basis of the existing correlation between the T2 values of the oils and their properties, such as viscosity, iodine index, and cetane index. These analyses were performed using HCA and PCA chemometric tools. The results were sufficiently significant to allow separation of the oleaginous matrices according to their quality. Thus, the low-field ¹H NMR technique was confirmed as an important tool to aid in the selection of oleaginous matrices for biodiesel production.
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In this study, we report the preparation of a new tetra-substituted epoxide aldehyde cyclopentane, which acts as a starting material for the synthesis of plinol, from (R)-(+)-epoxy-limonene. The synthesis was performed in three steps and resulted in a good yield. The structural determination was performed by 1H and 13C NMR, and the relative stereochemistry was defined by nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) experiments with computer calculations of molecular modeling, particularly with respect to indirect coupling constant calculations.
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Macrophomina phaseolina has been considered one of the most prevalent soybean (Glycine max) pathogens in Brazil. No genetic resistance has been determined in soybean and very little is known about the genetic diversity of this pathogen in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Fifty-five isolates from soybean roots were collected in different regions and analyzed through RAPD for genetic diversity. The UPGMA cluster analysis for 74 loci scored permitted identification of three divergent groups with an average similarity of 99%, 92% and 88%, respectively. The three groups corresponded to 5.45%, 59.95% and 34.6%, respectively of all isolates used. A single plant had three different haplotypes, while 10.9% of the analyzed plants had two different haplotypes. In another study the genetic similarity was evaluated among isolates from different hosts [soybean, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), corn (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum)] as well as two soil samples from native areas. Results showed that more divergent isolates originated from areas with a single crop. Isolates from areas with crop rotation were less divergent, showing high similarity values and consequently formed the largest group. Amplification of the ITS region using primers ITS1 and ITS4 produced only one DNA fragment of 620 bp. None of the isolates were differentiated through PCR-RFLP. Our results demonstrated genetic variability among Brazilian isolates of M. phaseolina and showed that one single root can harbor more than one haplotype. Moreover, cultivation with crop rotation tends to induce less specialization of the pathogen isolates. Knowledge of this variation may be useful in screening soybean genotypes for resistance to charcoal rot.
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Foi observada recentemente no Estado de São Paulo uma nova sintomatologia em algodoeiro cv. Makina, IAC 24 e Detaopal, causada por Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. malvacearum (Xam), denominada "crestamento foliar". Caracteriza-se por crestamento foliar, geralmente acompanhado por halo clorótico, podendo também causar sintomas de "V" invertido, a partir dos bordos foliares. Linhagens de Xam foram comparadas, por meio de testes de patogenicidade, bioquímicos, sorológicos, culturais e PCR-RFLP da região espaçadora 16S-23S DNAr. Independentemente do tipo de sintoma, as linhagens apresentaram características e perfis idênticos aos apresentados pela linhagem tipo, confirmando a identidade dos isolados como Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. malvacearum.
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Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito da aplicação de doses de boro no crescimento de Eucalyptus citriodora em um Latossolo V ermelho-Escuro e um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, submetidos a diferentes tensões hídricas. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, no Departamento de Ciência do Solo da Universidade Federal de Lavras, em Lavras, MG, usando-se vasos com três dm³ de solo. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5 x 2 x 2, sendo cinco doses de B (0,00; 0,25; 0,75; 2,25; e 6,25 mg kg-1); e dois tipos de Latossolo: Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro (LE) e Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (LV) e duas tensões hídricas (-0,033 e -0,010 MPa), com quatro repetições. Os resultados indicaram que tanto o LV quanto o LE, nas suas condições naturais, não supriram as exigências de B em Eucalyptus citriodora. Contudo, os maiores incrementos na produção de matéria seca das plantas foram observados em baixas doses de B aplicadas. A umidade do solo é um fator importante no aproveitamento de B do solo pelo Eucalyptus citriodora.
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Apesar de o zinco (Zn) ser micronutriente fundamental para o crescimento e metabolismo das plantas, quando presente em níveis tóxicos no ambiente pode afetar o desenvolvimento vegetal. Entre os vários efeitos benéficos do silício (Si), cita-se sua influência na diminuição ou eliminação dos efeitos adversos de metais pesados no meio. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do Si na amenização da toxidez de Zn sobre o crescimento e nutrição mineral de plantas de Eucalyptus urophylla. As plantas foram cultivadas em vasos contendo 3 L de solução nutritiva de Clark, em esquema fatorial 6 x 2, sendo seis concentrações de Zn (0, 2, 50, 150, 300 e 450 µmol L-1 como ZnSO4 7H2O) e duas de Si (0 e 1,78 mmol L-1 de Si como silicato de potássio). Após oito semanas, avaliaram-se alguns parâmetros morfológicos das plantas, produção de matéria seca, teores e utilização de nutrientes. O aumento das concentrações de Zn na solução nutritiva proporcionou maior fitotoxicidade nas raízes em relação à parte aérea. A adição do Si amenizou o efeito negativo do excesso de Zn sobre o crescimento, no entanto pouco influenciou os teores dos nutrientes avaliados nos tecidos, embora tenha proporcionado utilização mais eficiente de P, Ca, Mg e S pelas plantas de Eucalyptus urophylla.
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Tesis (Doctor en Medicina) U.A.N.L. Facultad de Medicina. 2006.
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Análisis del riesgo de oportunismo del gobierno Colombiano planteado por el diseño institucional y normativo de la CREG, y favorecido por una notoria concentración de calidades en cabeza del Estado Colombiano como agente de mercado y regulador.
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Revisión de los sistemas urbanos a través de los equipamientos urbanos escolares. El área de estudio fue la Localidad de Usaquén de la ciudad de Bogotá, teniendo en cuenta la política pública, las estrategias de ordenamiento territorial y el plan maestro de equipamientos educativos.