Endothelin antagonism prevents diabetic retinopathy in NOD mice: a potential role of the angiogenic factor adrenomedullin

Altered activity of retinal endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide may play a causal role in the hemodynamic and histopathological changes of diabetic retinopathy. This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of long-term selective blockade of the ET-1(A) receptor (ETRA) to prevent the development of retinopathy in a genetic mouse model of nonobese type 1 diabetes (NOD). Mice with NOD that received subcutaneous implantation of insulin pellets and wild-type control mice were treated for 4 months with the selective ETRA antagonist LU208075 (30 mg/kg/day) via drinking water. At the end of the study, blood glucose levels were evaluated, and animals were anesthetized and perfused intracardially with FITC-labeled dextran. Retinas were removed and either fixed in formalin for confocal microscope evaluation of retinal vascular filling or transferred to RNALater for quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction to evaluate expression of NOS-3, NOS-1, ET-1, ETRA, ETRB, and the angiogenic factor adrenomedullin. Compared with wild-type controls, expression of ET-1, ETRA, ETRB, and adrenomedullin in mice with NOD were markedly upregulated in the retinas of nontreated mice (cycle time values relative to GAPDH [deltaCt], 14.8 vs. 13.7, 18.57 vs. 17.5, 10.76 vs. 9.9, and 11.7 vs. 9.1, respectively). Mean integral fluorescence intensity (MIFI) of retinal vascular filling was reduced from normal values of 24 to 12.5 in nontreated animals. LU208075 treatment normalized the upregulated expression of ET-1 and adrenomedullin, as well as the deficit in MIFI, but did not affect the increased ETRA and ETRB expression or the elevated plasma glucose levels found in nontreated animals. NOS isoform expression was essentially unchanged. ETRA antagonists may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to slow or prevent progression of retinal microvascular damage and proliferation in patients for whom there is clear evidence of activation of the ET-1 system.

Fragm. lat. II 5 - Kommentar zu den Dekretalen Gregors IX. (3.10.8 - 23.3; 5.1.24 - 6.18)

Trägerband: Ms. Praed. 11; Vorbesitzer: Dominikanerkloster Frankfurt am Main

Efecto de suplementación de miel urea al 10 % versus concentrado El Ranchero al 16% en novillos de finalización en comarca Coyanchigue, Camoapa, Boaco

El presente estudio, se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar el comportamiento productivo y económico de novillos de finalización sometidos a dos suplementos nutricionales como parte de la dieta alimenticia que utiliza la Asociación de Ganaderos de Camoapa. Los suplementos correspondieron a suministro por animal de miel-urea al 10 % (180 g de urea-0.6 kg de melaza-120 g de sal común y mineral) y 2.7kg de concentrado comercial El Ranchero al 16 %, este suplemento se suministró durante 50 días a dos grupos conformados por 9 novillos correspondientemente, con pesos inicial es de entre 304-309 kg. Después de realizar análisis de muestras pareadas de t-student a los promedios de peso final y ganancia media diaria (GMD), se encontró diferencia significativa (Pr=0.03; gle=17) para los tratamientos: El Ranchero 16% tuvo un peso final promedio de 382.5 ± 10.7 kg y 366.9 ± 20.1 kg con suplementado con miel-urea 10 %. La GMD tuvo el promedio de 1.46 kg para El Ranchero 16% y 1.25 kg para miel-urea 10%. Los costos de suplemento miel-urea 10% fue de C$12.30 y de C$27.6 para El Ranchero 16%. La relación beneficio-costo para miel-urea reflejó que por cada córdoba invertido se generan C$ 2.82 y para concentrado el Ranchero al 16% se generan C$1.43.

Avaliação dos parâmetros de exposição e doses em pediatria dos 5 aos 10 anos de idade : comparação entre aquisição digital e não digital na incidência de tórax de frente

O avanço das tecnologias nos últimos anos promoveu a passagem de muitos serviços para sistemas de digitalização indirecta e directa, substituindo os sistemas convencionais de películas. As evidências mostram que os sistemas de digitalização de imagem deveriam possibilitar reduções nas doses utilizadas num determinado exame radiológico, mas na prática, nem sempre a dose é menor que a dos sistemas de películas. Este estudo pretende avaliar a situação presente das doses praticadas em exames Radiológicos em duas unidades Hospitalares, uma com sistema não-digital(Hospital A) e outra com sistema digital (Hospital B), na radiografia de Tórax AP ou PA em crianças dos 5 aos 10 anos. Foram comparadas as doses à entrada da pele (DEP) e dose efectiva, entre si e com os níveis de referência de diagnóstico. No HospitalA, foi observada uma DEPmédia de 16,78 μGy e uma dose efectiva média de 22,63μGy.No Hospital B, a DEPmédia foi 12,22 μGy, e a dose efectiva média foi 15,81 μGy.As diferenças são estatisticamente significativas (p=0,00). Os exames do tórax, em crianças dos 5-10 anos realizado com recurso a um sistema não-digital, implicaram maior DEPe dose efectiva para o paciente, comparado com o mesmo exame em sistema digital, nos hospitais em estudo.

Effect of Ag addition on the martensitic phase of the Cu-10 wt.% Al alloy

Thermal analysis and compression tests at room temperature have been carried out for Cu-10 wt.% Al and Cu-10 wt.% Al-10 wt.% Ag alloys samples. The results indicate that the decomposition reaction of the (beta(1)) parent phase is decreased suppressed and a martensite stabilization effect can be induced by Ag addition. The Cu-Al-Ag alloy shows some degree of shape memory capacity. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Expressão dos fatores de crescimento fibroblástico 17 e 18 (FGF-17 e FGF-18) em folículos antrais bovinos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Epidemiological Report on the Treatment of Patients with Gestational Trophoblastic Disease in 10 Brazilian Referral Centers Results After 12 Years Since International FIGO 2000 Consensus

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate treatment of Brazilian patients with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD).STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study with analysis of medical reports performed in 10 Brazilian referral centers from January 2000 to December 2011.RESULTS: Of 5,250 patients 3 died (0.06%) at the time of uterine evacuation. Spontaneous remission of GTD (group G1) was observed in 4,103 cases, and 1,144 (21.8%) progressed to gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) (G2). In G1 2,716 (66.2%) had complete hydatidiform mole (HM) and 1,210, partial HM (29.5%); 3,772 patients (92.7%) recovered as noted in December 2012. In G2, of 1,118 patients treated, initial histopathological results of previous gestation were complete HM (77.5% [n = 886]), partial HM (8.8% [n = 100]), and choriocarcinoma (8.0% [n = 92]); 930 (81.3%) were low-risk, 200 (17.5%) were high-risk GTN, and 14 had placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) (1.2%); cure was achieved in 1,078 cases (96.4%), but 26 patients (2.3%) died (4 low-risk [0.4%], 19 high-risk [9.5%], and 3 PSTT [21.4%]).CONCLUSION: The highest death rates were due to high-risk GTN and PSTT. Patients with molar pregnancy should be referred to a referral center for an early diagnosis and prompt treatment of GTN in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality found in advanced stages.