La direcció i el govern dels centres a la LOE.'La dirección y el gobierno de los centros en la LOE'.

Se estudian algunos conceptos en los que la LOE ha supuesto una progresión. También se hace énfasis en otros aspectos no tan positivos. Órganos de gobierno o gestión educativa son temas tratados a lo largo del texto.

Direcci?? i govern dels centres educatius

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

L'Explotació d'audiovisuals i la gestió de drets d'autor en els establiments hotelers

Estudi sobre el tractament de la propietat intel•lectual i els drets d’autor en el sector turístic hotelera, amb l’objectiu d’esbrinar com funciona aquesta gestió. S’incideix més en l´’us de les televisions en les habitacions d’hotel, i en quins criteris utilitzen les entitats de gestió per exigir aquest dret. Es proposen alternatives als establiments hotelers a partir dels criteris dels tribunals

La Infermera i la gestió del flux de ciutadants en l'atenció primària de salut

Les consultes d’infermeria contribueixen com una porta d’entrada normalitzada en el sistema d’Atenció Primària, oferint resposta a la demanda habitual d’un número important de ciutadans. Una expectativa és reduir els cost i el volum de treball dels metges, sempre que es mantingui la qualitat de l’atenció al ciutadà. La millora organitzativa vers l’accessibilitat al Centre de Salut millora la satisfacció de ciutadans i professionals.

Optimització dels recursos d'un magatzem

El projecte sorgeix de la sol·licitud per part d’una empresa del sector alimentari de realitzar un estudi qualitatiu i quantitatiu del mètode de treball dut a terme en el magatzem. En la primera fase es recull i tracta la informació del mètode de treball en el magatzem. I en la segona fase, amb la informació esmentada mitjançant el software Arena es procedeix a la simulació informàtica de l’estat actual de treball. S’efectua una simulació base, representant l’estat actual del magatzem, que permet conèixer els temps que no és possible obtenir per observació directa i cronometratge o a partir dels registres de dades. En segon lloc, es realitza una simulació actuant en el nombre de recursos a fi d’analitzar si l’aportació de recursos és viable enfront al guany de temps de procés. A partir de les conclusions extretes de les anàlisis realitzades en les diferents fases del projecte, es proposen solucions per resoldre els problemes detectats

Mòdul de gestió de magatzems segons el model d'organització física de "magatzem caòtic"

Creació d'una 'aplicació de gestió comercial i comptable partint de la ja existent en l’empresa Ph Systems S.L., seguint per tant la tecnologia utilitzada en aquesta aplicació, desenvolupada en Visual Basic 6 i utilitzant uns objectes i llibreries propis per facilitat l’enllaç dels formularis amb les taules de la base de dades utilitzant tant connexions ODBC com connexions OLE DB. El gestor de base de dades seleccionat per realitzar el projecte serà Oracle, que és el que actualment s’utilitza per les dades de l’aplicació de gestió d’estocs. Tasques a realitzar: Anàlisi dels requeriments del sistema. Disseny dels diferents mòduls de la futura aplicació. Obtenir una base de dades ben definida partint de la ja existent. Implementació dels mòduls de la futura aplicació. Els objectius d’aprenentatge d’aquest projecte són els següents: Millora del coneixement de la gestió d’una base de dades Oracle Millora en l’aprenentatge del llenguatge de programació Visual Basic 6

The Barcelonnettes: an example of network-entrepreneurs in XIX century Mexico. An explanation based on a theory of bounded rational choice with social embeddedness

A theory of network-entrepreneurs or "spin-off system" is presented in this paper for the creation of firms based on the community’s social governance. It is argued that firm’s capacity for accumulation depends on the presence of employees belonging to the same social/ethnic group with expectations of "inheriting" the firm and becoming entrepreneurs once they have been selected for their merits and loyalty towards their patrons. Such accumulation is possible because of the credibility of the patrons’ promises of supporting newcomers due to high social cohesion and specific social norms prevailing in the community. This theory is exemplified through the case of the Barcelonnettes, a group of immigrants from the Alps in the South of France (Provence) who came to Mexico in the XIX Century.

Aplicación del DEA en el análisis de beneficios en un sistema integrado verticalmente hacia adelante

En el presente trabajo se diseñan tres modelos DEA a partir de un sistema de producción cuyos componentes están colocados en un arreglo en serie que se integran verticalmente hacia adelante. El primer modelo busca optimizar los beneficios del sistema agregado, así como la mejora de los mismos en cada uno de los subsistemas. En el segundo de los modelos, además del objetivo anterior, se incluyen restricciones de transferencia de los recursos específicos asociados a cada subsistema, y en el tercer modelo se estima el intervalo de variación para los precios de transferencia de los inputs intermedios entre ambos subsistemas. Los modelos han sido programados y simulados en el software GAMS a partir de datos generados por una función de producción Cobb-Douglas para los inputs intermedios y los outputs finales.

Evaluación de fondos de inversión garantizados por medio de portfolio insurance

La elaboración de un índice de performance para la evaluación de carteras de inversión tiene como base la correcta definición de la medida de riesgo a emplear. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo proponer una medida de performance adecuada a la evaluación de carteras de fondos de inversión garantizados. Las particularidades de este tipo de fondos hacen necesario definir una medida explicativa de las características especificas de riesgo de este tipo de carteras. Partiendo de la estrategia de porfolio insurance se define una nueva medida de riesgo basada en el downside risk. Proponemos como medida de downside risk aquella parte del riesgo total de una cartera de títulos que se elimina con la estrategia de portfolio insurance. Por contraposición, proponemos como medida de upside risk aquella otra parte del riesgo total de la cartera que no desaparece con la estrategia de portfolio insurance. De este modo, la suma del upside risk y del downside risk es el riesgo total. Partiendo de la medida de riesgo upside risk y del modelo de valoración de activos C.A.P.M. se propone una medida de performance específica para evaluar los fondos de inversión garantizados.

A Methodology to measure shareholder value orientation and shareholder value creation aimed at providing a research basis to investigate the link between both magnitudes

Does shareholder value orientation lead to shareholder value creation? This article proposes methods to quantify both, shareholder value orientation and shareholder value creation. Through the application of these models it is possible to quantify both dimensions and examine statistically in how far shareholder value orientation explains shareholder value creation. The scoring model developed in this paper allows quantifying the orientation of managers towards the objective to maximize wealth of shareholders. The method evaluates information that comes from the companies and scores the value orientation in a scale from 0 to 10 points. Analytically the variable value orientation is operationalized expressing it as the general attitude of managers toward the objective of value creation, investment policy and behavior, flexibility and further eight value drivers. The value creation model works with market data such as stock prices and dividend payments. Both methods where applied to a sample of 38 blue chip companies: 32 firms belonged to the share index IBEX 35 on July 1st, 1999, one company represents the “new economy” listed in the Spanish New Market as per July 1st, 2001, and 5 European multinational groups formed part of the EuroStoxx 50 index also on July 1st, 2001. The research period comprised the financial years 1998, 1999, and 2000. A regression analysis showed that between 15.9% and 23.4% of shareholder value creation can be explained by shareholder value orientation.

Governance mechanisms in Spanish financial intermediaries

This paper examines the governance of Spanish Banks around two main issues. First, does a poor economic performance activate those governance interventions that favor the removal of executive directors and the merger of non-performing banks? And second, does the relationship between governance intervention and economic performance vary with the ownership form of the bank? Our results show that a bad performance does activate governance mechanisms in banks, although for the case of Savings Banks intervention is confined to a merger or acquisition. Nevertheless, the distinct ownership structure of Savings Banks does not fully protect non-performing banks from disappearing. Product-market competition compensates for those weak internal governance mechanisms that result from an ownership form which gives voice to several stakeholder groups.

Measuring sustained superior performance at the firm level

This paper proposes a two-dimensional Strategic Performance Measure (SPM) to evaluate the achievement of sustained superior performance. This proposal builds primarily on the fact that, under the strategic management perspective, a firm's prevalent objective is the pursuit of sustained superior performance. Three basic conceptual dimensions stem from this objective: relativity, sign dependence, and dynamism. These are the foundations of the SPM, which carries out a separate evaluation of the attained superior performance and of its sustainability over time. In contrast to existing measures of performance, the SPM provides: (i) a dynamic approach by considering the progress or regress in performance over time, and (ii) a cardinal measurement of performance differences and its changes over time. The paper also proposes an axiomatic framework that a measure of strategic performance should comply with to be theoretically and managerially sound. Finally, an empirical illustration of the Spanish banking sector during 1987-1999 is herein provided by discussing some relevant cases.

The Cost of ownership in the governance of interfirm collaborations

This paper investigates the selection of governance forms in interfirm collaborations taking into account the predictions from transaction costs and property rights theories. Transaction costs arguments are often used to justify the introduction of hierarchical controls in collaborations, but the ownership dimension of going from “contracts” to “hierarchies” has been ignored in the past and with it the so called “costs of ownership”. The theoretical results, tested with a sample of collaborations in which participate Spanish firms, indicate that the cost of ownership may offset the benefits of hierarchical controls and therefore limit their diffusion. Evidence is also reported of possible complementarities between reputation effects and forms of ownership that go together with hierarchical controls (i.e. joint ventures), in contrast with the generally assumed substitutability between the two.

Corporate governance in banking: the role of board of directors

We test hypotheses on the dual role of boards of directors for a sample of large international commercial banks. We find an inverted U shaped relation between bank performance and board size that justifies a large board and imposes an efficient limit to the board’s size; a positive relation between the proportion of non-executive directors and performance; and a proactive role in board meetings. Our results show that bank boards’ composition and functioning are related to directors’ incentives to monitor and advise management. All these relations hold after we control for bank business, institutional differences, size, market power in the banking industry, bank ownership and investors’ legal protection.

Human capital in export-based internationalisation. "Managerial determinants and their influence upon the export behaviour of the firm: four case-studies of catalan exporting SMEs"

Export activities are a major source of economic growth and are considered important both at the national level and for individual businesses. Moreover, in the case of SMEs, they gain particular relevance, exporting being the most common foreign market entry mode for these firms. The decision maker’s role in the export activity is crucial, particularly in the case of SMEs. However, the extant literature on internationalization is characterized by a lack of consensus among scholars as to what constitutes the managerial factor in determining exporting. Therefore, this study focuses on the following issue: Which are the decision maker’s characteristics and perceptions that may influence the export behaviour of Catalan SMEs? To address this question a multiple case study method is applied across four Catalan exporting SMEs. The methodology chosen for analysing the empirical data is relying on the proposition testing approach while the investigation is conducted including both within and cross-case analysis. The findings show that high educational level, language skills, high risk tolerance, innovativeness as well as strongly perceived export stimuli as compared to low and easy to overcome export barriers positively influence the export involvement and development of SMEs. The study provides further insights into the research topic by jointly studying managerial characteristics and perceptions. Additionally, the majority of research on exporting topics has been carried out in the USA, so there is a clear need of investigation in the field in other countries, moreover in Spain where the exporting activities have not been as widely studied.