Desarrollo de contenidos educativos aplicados a las matemáticas de primer ciclo de ESO

Aquest projecte pretén oferir orientació als docents que es proposin desenvolupar continguts educatius en l'àrea de Matemàtiques de primer cicle d'ESO. Per aconseguir aquest objectiu no es necessita cap coneixement extra de complicats programes per assolir resultats atractius i útils. Es proporcionarà als docents la recopilació i estructuració de materials digitals que estan distribuïts a la xarxa, així com el desenvolupament de diferents activitats didàctiques basades en el nou disseny curricular.

Extra-articular knee resection for a secondary chondrosarcoma evolving from an isolated enchondroma of the distal femur: A case report.

Introduction: Enchondromas are among the most current benign bone tumours. Malignant degeneration is extremely rare (<1%) and generally presents as a low grade chondrosarcoma. For localized grade 1 lesions, the treatment of choice is curettage. Wide excision and reconstruction is generally not necessary, unless locally advanced or more aggressive behaviour is suspected at presentation. Case report: A healthy 72 yo male presented with pain and recurrent knee joint effusion. X-rays show a classical central distal metaphyseal enchondroma of the femur associated with subtle osteolysis of the lateral condyle. MRI confirms the presence of a locally aggressive chondromatous lesion based in a classical enchondroma. Core needle biopsy revealed a grade 1 chondrosarcoma, which was in contrast to the radiological aggressiveness of the lesion. Total body CT-scan did not reveal metastatic disease. A wide resection was planned, as a high-grade lesion and joint contamination was suspected. We performed an extra-articular knee resection and reconstruction with a hinged modular total knee megaprosthesis. The definitive histology was grade 1 chondrosarcoma, the surgical margins were wide. The evolution was favourable and the patient was able to perform all his activities of daily living independently without pain at 6 weeks postop. Knee flexion reached 90°. The oncologic screening at 18 months did not show local or distant recurrence. Conclusion: Joints near a benign tumour that suddenly become symptomatic or present an effusion might indicate a malignant transformation. Wide resection and prosthetic reconstruction remains an effective treatment option even in low grade cartilaginous lesions if (1) the adjacent joint is contaminated, or (2) joint-sparing surgery would result in a severe functional impairment of the limb.

El desenvolupament curricular del bloc d’activitats al medi natural per part dels professors d’Educació Física de la ciutat de Vic i les poblacions del voltant

L’estudi que es presenta a continuació té l’objectiu d’analitzar el desenvolupament curricular del bloc de continguts d’activitats al medi natural de l’assignatura d’Educació Física de la ciutat de Vic i de les poblacions situades en un radi de 10 kilòmetres. Per tal de dur-ho a terme, primerament s’ha realitzat un procés d’aproximació a les activitats al medi natural en l’educació, aprofundint en les característiques d’aquestes activitats en els centres, en la poca pràctica i els factors de limitació que tenen. A partir d’aquí, s’ha fet l’estudi amb una mostra formada de 29 professors d’Educació Física dels diferents cursos de la ESO. Per tal de realitzar la recerca i l’anàlisi, s’ha emprat una metodologia quantitativa de caràcter explicatiu, transversal i quasi experimental, i s’ha utilitzat l’instrument corresponent al qüestionari. Aquest, ha estat elaborat prenent com a referència el de l’estudi de Peñarrubia et al.(2011). Els resultats que s’han obtingut demostren que el bloc d’activitats al medi natural és el menys treballat per part del professors d’Educació Física, que un 14% del professorat no les treballa i dels que si ho fan un 68% les realitzen només una vegada a l’any. També destacar que aquests continguts no es treballen en el 33% dels cursos de la zona estudiada. Pel què fa els continguts més treballats destaquen l’orientació seguit del senderisme. Referent als factors de limitació destaquen la responsabilitat civil del professor i l’horari de classe com els més condicionants. Pel què fa a les activitats, l’escalada esdevé l’activitat on els factors de limitació influeixen més mentre que en l’orientació i el senderisme tenen poca importància. D’aquesta manera es pot veure una estreta relació entre els factors de limitació d’aquestes activitats i la poca pràctica d’aquestes en els centres educatius estudiats.

O espaço da prática de ensino e do estágio curricular nos cursos de formação de professores de química das ies públicas paulistas

The literature presents a new understanding of the teaching practice and the supervised internship.Mutual interaction between them is expected one providing subsidies to the other.The present article shows the conceptions prevailing at the São Paulo state universities regarding these activities.Students,when interviewed, report difficulties in dealing with classroom situations. It is possible to observe that chemists wish to prepare new chemists deviating from the objectives of a Chemistry course leading to teaching credentials .

La pertinencia del corpus literario en el aula de ELE : una propuesta basada en la descripcion, la narracion y la argumentacion

Enseigner l’espagnol comme langue étrangère (ELE) et utiliser la Littérature comme moyen didactique n’est pas une activité qui a été favorisée, ni dans l’aspect théorique comme pratique, dans les salles de classe, on l’a plutôt évitée. On a constaté que la plupart de temps on l’a réduit à un échantillon culturelle qui se situe à la fin des unités didactiques dans le manuelles d’ELE. Ces visions ont radicalement changé ces dernières années et des nombreux auteurs ont revendiqué son potentiel didactique et pédagogique. La présente mémoire s’inscrit dans la courante qui revendique l’utilisation du texte littéraire (TL) à cause du potentiel didactique qu’il renferme. On propose une série d’activités didactiques qui s’appuient dans le texte littéraire pour renforcer les compétences du discours au niveau de la description, la narration et la argumentation dans le cours d’espagnol langue étrangère (ELE) au niveau collégial et universitaire au Québec (Canada), en s’ appuyant sur les critères établis par le Cadre européen commun de référence pour les langues, le Plan curricular de l’Institut Cervantès, et le Programme du Ministère de l’Éducation du Québec. Auparavant, on a fait un bref parcours sur les différentes méthodes et approches pédagogiques dans l’enseignement de l’espagnol (ELE) ainsi que plusieurs études et articles qui proposent l’utilisation du texte littéraire en ayant comme objectif d’améliorer les compétences linguistique et communicatives des étudiants.

Respuesta educativa diferenciada para alumnos con gran desmotivación académica y retraso curricular ESO.

Se trata de un estudio para proponer problemas al desfase curricular de algunos alumnos a través de pequeños grupos de refuerzo diversificado. Se concluye con un pronóstico de una mayor adaptación al entorno escolar así como una mejora del rendimiento .

Derivaci??n e integraci??n de funciones de variable compleja con DERIVE : un estudio de innovaci??n curricular en primer curso de Ingenier??a T??cnica de Telecomunicaci??n

Contribuir a la comprensi??n de la realidad de los procesos y fen??menos de la Educaci??n Matem??tica en los estudios de Ingenier??a, para poder intervenir sobre ella en orden a su optimizaci??n. Profesores de la asignatura, grupos de alumnos diferentes y bajo la responsabilidad de investigadores. Analiza la comparaci??n de efectos de la metodolog??a did??ctica modificada y de la metodolog??a did??ctica usual o tradicional y se aprovecha el desarrollo experimental para reflexionar sobre la validez y fiabilidad de los datos, la potencialidad innovadora de este tipo de estudios, la pertinencia y utilidad del marco te??rico y metodol??gico empleado. Prueba de nivel, ficheros de DERIVE, prueba de evaluaci??n, observadores, encuesta, entrevista, an??lisis de datos y elaboraci??n de informes. Para la prueba se escogieron 2 grupos de estudio y una prueba de 10 ejercicios; la calificaci??n m??xima es de 10 puntos y la m??nima de cero. 1) La prueba de nivel ha servido para obtener informaci??n sobre la equivalencia de los grupos en cuanto a conocimientos, capacidades y destrezas matem??ticas relacionadas con el problema de investigaci??n. 2) Los datos indican que la utilizaci??n de DERIVE favorece la participaci??n activa de los alumnos y su protagonismo frente al medio tecnol??gico, incrementa el grado de autonom??a en el desarrollo de la clase y aumenta el inter??s y la motivaci??n pro lo que hacen. 3) El an??lisis de los ficheros pone de manifiesto la eficacia de DERIVE debida a la facilidad de la realizaci??n de comandos. 4) El rendimiento del grupo experimental es superior al rendimiento del grupo control. 5) Las informaciones aportadas por los propios alumnos abundan en la equivalencia entre los dos grupos entre m??ltiples aspectos. 6) DERIVE facilita y mejora: el aprendizaje, la comprensi??n, la motivaci??n, la comunicaci??n entre alumnos, la comunicaci??n profesor-alumno, y el rendimiento en ex??menes. No modifica la actitud de los alumnos ni produce variaciones negativas sobre el aprendizaje. Se ha conseguido analizar la viabilidad y los efectos del tratamiento modificado sobre el aprendizaje, la motivaci??n, las actitudes, el rendimiento de los alumnos y el propio proceso did??ctico y sus distintos factores. Se ha analizado a fondo la realidad sin manipulaciones extra??as que distorsionen su naturaleza y sus caracter??sticas. Se han efectuado cambios curriculares posibles y se han descartado otros no compatibles con el desarrollo usual. Se han introducido tareas y usos novedosos en el dise??o y desarrollo. Se han creado y difundido conocimientos fundados sobre los fen??menos curriculares relacionados con la Educaci??n Matem??tica en el aula ordinaria. Se ha sustituido el m??todo de ense??anza usual por nuevos elementos adaptados a las nuevas condiciones, medios y situaciones. Y por ??ltimo, se ha proporcionado una nueva v??a para la formaci??n permanente del Profesorado.

Organização curricular e aptidão física em alunos do ensino secundário - estudo de caso

Resumo: O presente estudo teve como propósito a análise da evolução dos níveis de aptidão física em alunos, cujos professores seguem modelos de ensino diferenciados: modelo de ensino por blocos e modelo de ensino por etapas. O estudo foi levado a cabo na Escola Secundária Pedro Alexandrino, tendo sido a amostra constituída por 90 alunos (44 raparigas e 46 rapazes) com uma média de idades de 16,02 ± 1,15. Para se proceder à recolha de todos os dados necessários para a elaboração do estudo, utilizaram-se os seguintes instrumentos: 1) Questionário de atividade desportiva, Telama (1997); 2) Escala de Borg - Borg (1992); 3) Gravação das aulas em suporte digital; 4) Bateria de testes do FitnessGram. Os dados foram tratados utilizando a ferramenta estatística EzAnalyse 3.0. Através dos resultados obtidos conclui-se que existem diferenças significativas entre os géneros e entre os diferentes modelos de ensino, sendo que o modelo de ensino por etapas apresenta valores significativamente superiores em relação ao modelo de ensino por blocos. No que diz respeito à evolução das capacidades motoras, verificou-se que em ambos os modelos de ensino existiram ganhos, mas no modelo de ensino por etapas os ganhos foram superiores. Na comparação entre o nível de atividade física e a perceção subjetiva de esforço nas aulas de Educação Física verifica-se que as atividades extra Educação Física têm importância significativa sobre a perceção subjetiva de esforço dos alunos nas aulas.

Proposta Curricular para Educação infantil: (re) significando saberes docentes

The theory contemporary in the field of early children education, as well the legal discourse and official texts valid in our country point to the need for systematization of proposals pedagogic / curriculum in institutions, built and carried out by subjects that act as factor of assurance care quality. Quest us about what knowledge are required to teachers in developing a proposed curriculum for children education. Defined as an object of study, the knowledge teachers necessary for the development of a proposed curriculum for children education. As goals, assume: investigate teachers knowledge necessary for the development of a proposed curriculum in a Public Institution for children education and contribute to the (new) meaning on the part of teachers, knowledge needed to build a proposed curriculum for children education. Assuming the principles of the paradigm of qualitative research, we have developed a research institution of a children education Network Public Hall of Ceará-Mirim-RN, which serves children of four and five years old (preschool) with the participation of 17 teachers and two supervisory (teachers) that institution - subject of our research. Therefore, we have adopted the principles of action research, according to which the knowledge gained through research should build so shared / dialogue in the relationship between researcher and participants, what is the implementation of an effective action formative. As the search procedures developed observations no-teaching participants in the meetings and activities of the classroom; semi-structured interviews (individual and collective) with teachers and supervisors; analysis of school documents and participant observation in the seminars of studies reflective. The latter is implemented as key moments of speech and thought, and finally to (new) meaning of knowledge, the subject of the research-action. For these knowledge, the systematization of the register built was developed based on the principles of analysis of Content that guided us to the definition of two categories 1) knowledge teachers concerning conceptions of curriculum / proposed curriculum and 2) knowledge teachers concerning specifics of children education. From these were built subs representing thematings more specific and significant, among the many that emerged in the analysis: 1.1) Definitions of curriculum and curriculum proposal; 1.2) The subjects makers / implementing a curriculum / proposed curriculum; 1.3) elements constituting a curriculum / proposed curriculum for children education and 2.1) Functions of children education and conception of child; 2.2) The space of the play in the organization of routine. Under the intervention could significant advances with regard to (new) meaning of such knowledge from the subjects, with major disruptions to their original designs. These are presented and reflected in this work. In front of this movement, transformation, made the need for a permanent work in the context of the institution of in-service training, or mediated by pedagogical coordinator or other to assume this role with teachers, in order to provide the development and effectiveness of proposed curriculum consistent and contextualized in practice effective with the children concrete envisage the service to their specificities and a quality education

A política de formação inicial de professores e a implementação do componente curricular Prática Profissional na Licenciatura de Geografia do CEFET-RN

This work is a research about the policy of initial education of teachers made by the federal government, in the Brazilian educational view in the 1990 s. It is based on that the procedures to the initial education of teachers are in a much bigger context of the productive rearrangement and of the reconstruction of the State and they have in the international institutions, like the CEPAL, UNESCO and the World Bank, their main mediators. The dissertation aims to analyze the implementation of the policy of initial education of educators, having as empirical field the CEFET RN institution, and as reference the undergraduate course of Geography, more specifically the subject vocational practice. This study is advised by the theoretical and methodological fundamentals of the qualitative research, and it is being characterized by a case study. Among the methodological procedures which were used, some of them can be pointed out such as, the bibliographic research, the documental analysis, the application of questionnaires and the carrying out of interviews. The studies show up CEFETs and the Superior Education Institutes were considered by the Brazilian government suitable for the introduction of the initial education of vocational training, related to teaching, a proposed model by updated principles of international organizations. However, in the CEFET RN reality, although the difficulties listed by the teachers and students in the introduction of the subject vocational practice, the initial background in the undergraduate course of Geography got one point which is getting close to the teaching that is carried out in universities, privileging teaching, research and extension. For the people who have participated of researches, the subject vocational practice is relevant for the curriculum of teaching education because it makes the articulation between theory and practice possible, aspects considered essential ones for a teaching education of quality. Also, the studies show that one of the big obstacles faced in the introduction of the subject in question, was the lack of assistance to the students who are in a period of training and in the execution of research and extension projects caused by the insufficiency of educators to perform in the undergraduate course, as well as the lack of time of the teachers due to a large number of activities that they develop in their workplace (CEFET RN). This fact reveals the way how the policy of education of teachers came to educational institutions, imposed by MEC, without considering their structure conditions. Although the difficulties, the innovator character of the experience stood out, as in relation to the locus of education as because of being an educational model which involves theory and practice and the different kinds of knowledge, pretty necessary ones for the teaching education, as well as coming beyond a pragmatic education coherent with the immediate interests of the world of work

A aprendizagem na convivência:o estágio curricular em enfermagem

This is an analytic research of a qualitative nature whose purpose is to examine the learning process involving students of the Nursing Program of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte UFRN who are attending the Supervised Clerkship in Nursing (SCN) in Family Health Strategy (FHS), based on learning through daily living. In order to do this, a historical overview of this academic activity in the teaching of nursing was presented, and the importance of FHS as the scene where professional health education takes place was discussed. For the empirical investigation, ten eighth-semester students involved in clerkship activities at family health units in the Western Sanitary District of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, were interviewed. The theoretical approach relied, as epistemological presupposition, on the ideas of educator Humberto Maturana who showed that learning, both in nature and among human beings, takes place within dialogic living relationships wherein acceptance of the other, affectivity (love) and dialoguing are essential stimuli to learning. Students discourses gradually became part of the analytic categories that had been established beforehand. There has been verified that the students went through meaningful learning encouraged by all who shared the living environment, that is: nurse/instructor, teacher/supervisor, family health staff, and the community. Several feelings were involved in the process, such as joy, satisfaction, self-reliance, affectivity and, in the opposite direction, sadness, indignation, a feeling of impotence, and fear. The learning of interpersonal relationship was describe as the most relevant of the academic experiences and, therefore, thus emphasizing the relevance of affectivity to the learning process as Maturana points out. It is suggested that the teaching of nursing keep on giving priority to family health units as the Basic Care educational scene, with attention to the importance of placing the students in welcoming environments, in such a way as to encourage learning

Reflexões e contribuições para o ensino de gravitação clássica no nível médio

The subject of Classic Gravitation is part of the actual curriculum for High School in Brazil, and it is taught in the first year of that education level. This master thesis presents a research regarding the subject Classic Gravitation in High School. This research was based in two complementary guidelines of research and action. The first guideline was the analysis of 21 didactic books of physics which are the more frequently used in High School, in the city of Natal/RN. The second guideline, worked after being verified the most common deficiencies presents in the didactic books, was the elaboration, followed by a practical application, of a course suggesting how to approach that subject in the classroom. The Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio (National Curricular Parameters for High School PCNEM) defend that Classic Gravitation is very important in the student s formation and that its study helps the comprehension of many nature s phenomena. Because of this vision of that subject by the PCNEM, the 21 analyzed books were separated in two groups: the first one, containing 10 books, was edited before the spreading of PCNEM, and the second, with 11 books, after that spreading. Whatever the group to which the didactic books belonged, the great majority of them let that subject in a second plan; two of them even suggesting, in the teacher s orientations, that the subject Gravitation can be suppressed in case of insufficient time . These analyses points that the PCNEM had produced no changes in the conception of the authors that wrote books regarding that subject. To analyze the didactic books, we elaborated a script which was used as an analysis tool, in which we put in evidence the relative importance of the historic and philosophic contextualization of the subject, the quotidian experience of the students and the interdisciplinary approach, among other aspects. It became evident that the didactic books give very little emphasis to historic aspects of the knowledge construction, to the relations with the day-by-day questions and to the interdisciplinary character of the subject Gravitation. It calls attention the non concordance among the authors opinions regarding the necessary previous knowledge or prerequisites the students should fulfill in order to begin to study Gravitation. The course we elaborated was given to a group of teachers as well as to students. In those courses we treated theoretical and practical aspects and emphasized historical questions and the ones which are related to people s daily life. The course for teachers was realized as an extra-mural activity of the UFRN and was given by the author of this thesis at the Escola Estadual Francisco Ivo Cavalcanti (a state public school in Natal/RN). There were 23 teachers present, from several public schools and several fields of knowledge. The thesis supervisor and the master degree s colleagues of the author acted as collaborators , reporting the participants opinions and speeches. The course to the students, on the other hand, had the participation of 300 regular students who belonged to 6 different 1st year classes of the High School Escola Marista de Natal (RN), in which the author acts as a physics teacher. The student s course was realized as part of the regular curriculum activities, in which three classes stood under the responsibility of the author and other three classes in charge of another Marista s teacher, who participated as a collaborator . The teacher s course as well as the students one were given in two stages, with five hours each. The first stage was divided in two moments, the first one focused on the survey of the spontaneous conceptions about gravitation, in which we worked basically with experiments of free throwing and pendulum, and the second one focused in theoretical presentations and quarrels about universe s models. In the second stage of the course we improved the study of Kepler s laws and the Newton s Universal Gravitation law, and we used as motivating tools some practices involving the construction of the solar system in scale. As instruments for evaluating both courses we used questionnaires and reported the speeches with participants opinions, beyond usual written evaluations in the course for the students. The teachers who participated in the course showed very good wills in realizing interdisciplinary practices; nevertheless, according their own speeches, they frequently came across the difficulty of how to do . From the experience we had in both courses, we conclude that the approach we propose hear to the teaching of the subject Classic Gravitation , supported on the tripod theory, practice and historical and philosophical aspects, is viable and effective. One hopes that this research may contribute in the formation of a opinion, among the teachers, concerning how to approach the subject of Classic Gravitation, and may offer suggestions in order those who want to apply that approach may develop classroom practices aiming to improve the teaching of that subject, which has a singular importance in the formation of High School students

Concepções e práticas da psicologia escolar :um olhar através do estágio curricular supervisionado

School psychology can be considered a growing professional field in Brazil, in spite of the difficulties concerning both the role of the psychologists in the schools and the restrictions of the labor market. Professional training is one of the most problems faced by the area. The present study is an attempt to investigate the conceptions of school psychology and the practice of the school psychologists inside de educational agencies, from the point of view of the professional training, expressed by curricular supervised training. The reason for this choice was the important role played by supervised training in the process of professional training. To carry out this study, supervised training reports written in the 1980s and the 1990s used in the student evaluation process were examined. As the main results, we point out the co-existence during the 1980-decade of two models of psychological practice: the clinical and the educational, with the dominance of the first one. During the 1990-decade, we can observe the co-existence of the same models with the dominance (but not the hegemony) of the educational model, as shown by the activities of the students. In the 1980s, for instance, the most common activities were observation of the children (45.9%), teachers guidance (40.5%) and psychodiagnostic (37.8%). In the 1990s, the main activities were participation in staff briefings (66.6%), parents guidance (58.0%), teachers guidance (50.0%) and students counseling (41.6%). Aspects related to the importance of professional training - represented by curricular supervised training - to the professional practice are discussed

Estratégias de ensino para alunos deficientes visuais: A Proposta Curricular do Estado de São Paulo

Strategies and resources are primary to the participation of students with visual impairments in physical education classes. The objective of this study was to plan teaching strategies and resource adaptations focusing on educational inclusion of students with visual impairment based on the activities held in the Curriculum Proposal for São Paulo State. Three steps were outlined from the analysis of the Proposal: 1) identify the subjects for each bimester, 2) analyze the teacher's book in terms of learning situations and their development, and 3) plan educational strategies and resource adaptations. Ten teaching strategies were planned, four new resources were indicated and two teaching resources were adapted for the classes. The activities of the Curriculum Proposal allow strategy planning aimed at the participation of students with visual disabilities together with students without disabilities.

Gêneros do discurso e ensino de língua portuguesa: a leitura da proposta curricular de São Paulo por uma professora de língua portuguesa

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC