La WebQuest: una herramienta disponible en la Web 2.0 que permite renovar las prácticas docentes

La WebQuest corresponde a una herramienta didáctica sustentada en las corrientes constructivistas del aprendizaje, cuya característica central es el uso de Internet. Esta cualidad nos ha servido como antecedente para aprovechar sus ventajas e incorporarla en nuestra labor docente. No obstante, consideramos que antes de querer introducir cualquier recurso TIC en el aula, necesitamos tener un profundo conocimiento sobre cómo estos recursos pueden ser utilizados con un sentido didáctico. Por tal razón, hemos considerado necesario llevar a cabo este trabajo en etapas progresivas. La primera, focalizada hacia la apropiación de la WebQuest como herramienta didáctica, la definición de criterios comunes sobre el qué, el cómo y el para qué de su implementación. La segunda, orientada al diseño de WebQuest en base a parámetros de calidad y de acuerdo a la disciplina de cada docente que conforma esta Red, así como también la generación de espacios de reflexión y valoración de evaluación de las mismas. La tercera, focalizada en la aplicación directa de esta herramienta en nuestras clases y el seguimiento de sus resultados con fines investigativos. En esta comunicación se presenta el proceso llevado a cabo en la primera etapa.

Disseny d'unes jornades de salut per a primària, "Aprenem amb la salut!"

Aquest treball presenta, unes jornades de salut anomenades "Aprenem amb la salut", destinades a l'alumnat d'Educació Primària. A través aquestes jornades s'incorpora en l'alumnat la promoció d'hàbits saludables, centrant-se en l'alimentació, els hàbits d'higiene, els hàbits saludables i la pràctica d'activitat física o esport. Tots aquests aspectes es treballen mitjançant jocs i tallers, entre altres. A més, durant aquestes jornades es vincula l'aprenentatge de l'alumnat amb les seus famílies per tal de formar i conscienciar a les famílies en aspectes tan importants com és l'alimentació. Durant aquesta jornada, s'utilitzen diferents estils d'ensenyament combinant tradicionals amb un participatiu. Respecte a l'estil d'ensenyament participatiu, a través del microensenyament l'alumnat de sisè d'Educació Primària col·labora en les jornades, realitzant la funció de monitors i monitores en les gymkanes. Per acabar, en aquestes jornades es pretén fomentar en l'alumnat d'Educació Primària hàbits saludables, per tal de millorar la seua salut.

Red de coordinación del prácticum del grado de Ciencias de la actividad física y el deporte

El trabajo está enmarcado en la RED de coordinación del prácticum del Grado de Ciencias de la actividad física y el deporte, dentro del Programa de REDES de investigación en docencia universitaria del ICE/Universidad de Alicante. Tomando como referencia las competencias generales del título así como las específicas de la asignatura se han elaborado los objetivos formativos, contenidos tanto teóricos como prácticos así como el plan de aprendizaje y la evaluación de cada uno de los cuatro posibles itinerarios: entrenamiento deportivo, gestión deportiva y recreación, docencia en educación física y actividad física y salud. La metodología utilizada se ha centrado en el trabajo colaborativo de los integrantes de la RED, desde sus diversas experiencias y aportaciones en sus campos profesionales. El objetivo es que el alumnado adquiera las competencias profesionales necesarias para desarrollar su trabajo en los distintos campos en los que este grado habilita y que el proceso pueda ser coordinado y evaluado correctamente.

Diseño de WebQuest para la investigación e innovación en la enseñanza

La WebQuest (WQ) ha sido valorada en la literatura como una poderosa herramienta digital que contribuye al desarrollo de procesos cognitivos de nivel superior, al desarrollo de competencias interpersonales y al desarrollo de competencias informacionales y digitales, tanto del alumnado como el profesorado. Esta herramienta metodológica está sustentada teóricamente en las corrientes constructivistas del aprendizaje, lo que, además, la hace ser plenamente pertinente a los postulados del EEES. En consideración a todas las virtudes que presenta la WQ, nos hemos propuesto innovar en nuestras prácticas docentes aprovechando este recurso digital y otros disponibles en la Web 2.0, definiendo para ello un proceso gradual que se comenzó a desarrollar en el año 2013-2014 y que contempla tres fases. En esta comunicación damos cuenta de la segunda fase cuyo objetivo central ha sido el diseño de WebQuest que cumplan con criterios de calidad. Para el diseño de estos objetos de aprendizaje se ha tenido en cuenta la plena accesibilidad del alumnado y la completa pertinencia de este recurso a las distintas disciplinas en las que se desempeñan los miembros que conforman esta Red, obteniendo dentro de los principales resultados la generación de un repositorio de WQ para ser utilizadas en educación superior.

Incidence injury analysis on rowers in the Spanish Mediterranean fixed bench championship 2012

The standardized assessment of sports injuries provides important epidemiological information and instructions to prevent them. The aim of this study was to determine if the pattern detrimental impact on fixed seat rowing agreed with the literature review of the Olympic rowing modality. A retrospective questionnaire was administer to 79 male rowers, with an age mean of 27.66 ± 7.15, belonging to the male in the senior category VIII Rowing Spanish Mediterranean Bank Fixed Championship that took place in Torrevieja during the 25th, 26th and 27th of May. The anatomical regions that were damage the most were the ankle (15.4%) and lower back (13.2%). These injuries have occurred with higher incidence in training (55.1%) as the most recidivist injury, the ankle, which has occurred for 73% of the time during this moment. The most common injury is the overuse (44.2%) and the most repeated diagnosis was sprain (23.1%).

Serve analysis of professional players in beach volleyball

This study has been developed for the European Beach Volleyball Championship in 2005. The video-recorded analysis was held using Sportcode Pro v.8.5.2 software. The aim of study was to determine the types of serve used, depending on the time of the set in which they occur. Quantitative analysis with a sample of 10 players that make up 5 teams with a total of four meetings with a total of 327 serves analyzed. The serves were classified depending on the period which they occurred, the period being 1 (items 1 to 7), period 2 (from point 8 to 14) and period 3 (point 15 to 21). he statistical analysis was conducted using the statistical software SPSS 19, Chi-square test established significant differences between the different types of serve for period 1 and 2 (p<0.05), but no significant differences were established in the period 3 to floating serve and power jump (p>0.05). The results showed a decrease of using a serve with jump power at period 1 (89.7%) compared to the period 3 (27.3%), while the floating and floating serve jump respectively increase at period 1 (6.3% -4%) in the period 3 (23.4% -49.4%).

Offensive zones in beach volleyball: differences by gender

Gender differences in anthropometric and athletic properties (e.g. strength) as well as the different net heights (2.24 vs. 2.43 m) on the same field size (8x16 m) would be reflected in the game. The literature about differences between male and female playing characteristics in beach volleyball is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse the differences by gender in the use of offensive zones. Study participants were 20 players (10 female and 10 male) who took part in the European Beach Volleyball Championship 2005 and 2006. Video recordings were made of the 659 points in eight matches played. The beach volleyball court was divided into six zones (z1 to z6). The results showed that men and women use different offensive zones and also were different in the percentages of ball out (15.53 and 27.38% respectively). Concretely, men players used more 1, 2, 4 and 5 zones and women 1 and 5 zones. A few differences were observed in the percentage the ball to the net (7.73 and 5.35% respectively). An understanding of the use of offensive zones is relevant to establish specific tactical training patterns for beach volleyball.

Time-motion analysis in women’s team handball: importance of aerobic performance

Women’s handball is a sport, which has seen an accelerated development over the last decade. Data on movement patterns in combination with physiological demands are nearly nonexistent in the literature. The aim of this study was twofold: first, to analyze the horizontal movement pattern, including the sprint acceleration profiles, of individual female elite handball players and the corresponding heart rates (HRs) during a match and secondly to determine underlying correlations with individual aerobic performance. Players from one German First League team (n = 11) and the Norwegian National Team (n = 14) were studied during one match using the Sagit system for movement analysis and Polar HR monitoring for analysis of physiological demands. Mean HR during the match was 86 % of maximum HR (HRmax). With the exception of the goalkeepers (GKs, 78 % of HRmax), no position-specific differences could be detected. Total distance covered during the match was 4614 m (2066 m in GKs and 5251 m in field players (FPs)). Total distance consisted of 9.2 % sprinting, 26.7 % fast running, 28.8 % slow running, and 35.5 % walking. Mean velocity varied between 1.9 km/h (0.52 m/s) (GKs) and 4.2 km/h (1.17 m/s) (FPs, no position effect). Field players with a higher level of maximum oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) executed run activities with a higher velocity but comparable percentage of HRmax as compared to players with lower aerobic performance, independent of FP position. Acceleration profile depended on aerobic performance and the field player’s position. In conclusion, a high V̇O2max appears to be important in top-level international women’s handball. Sprint and endurance training should be conducted according to the specific demands of the player’s position.

The anthropometric profile of elite roller figure skaters

Although the anthropometric profiles of Olympic athletes, as a group, are well known, there is still a need for specific reference data for each sport given that each discipline has its own characteristics. This study has been designed considering the limited number of articles that focus on the anthropometric characteristics of artistic roller skating and, more specifically, the figures discipline. The aim of this study is twofold: firstly, to define the anthropometric profile, body composition and somatotype of male and female artistic roller figure skaters in order to establish specific profiles; and, secondly, to establish the differences between the anthropometric profiles, body compositions and somatotypes of male and female skaters. Twenty-nine professional roller skaters (male = 15, female = 14) underwent measurements of standard anthropometry (height, body mass, arm span, 8 skinfolds, 3 breadths and 11 girths). The somatotype was measured using the Heath-Carter methods. A T-Student test for independent samples was conducted in order to assess the differences between male and female skaters. Significant statistical differences were found between male and female skaters in terms of body mass, height, arm span, the sum of four and six skinfolds and all skinfold measurements. Male skaters have a BMI of 21.4± 1.6 and female skaters have a BMI of 21.5 ± 2.4. The results indicate that arm span is an important characteristic for skaters. Mesomorphy is the most important component, followed by endomorphy, for male and female skaters. Male skaters have an endomesomorphic somatotype (3.5-4.5-2.5) and female skaters have a balanced mesomorphic somatotype (3.3-4.1-2.9).

Análisis del saque en jugadoras femeninas profesionales de vóley playa

El objetivo de estudio es conocer los tipos de saques utilizados, dependiendo el momento del set en el que se producen. Este estudio ha sido desarrollado durante el torneo Nestea Spanish Master de Vóley Playa disputado en Valencia en el año 2006. La muestra de estudio la componen 10 jugadoras que conforman 5 equipos con un total de 4 encuentros analizados que suman 331 saques analizados. El análisis de las videograbaciones se llevó a cabo con el software SportCode Pro v.8.5.2. Los saques se clasificaron dependiendo del momento en el que se produjeron, siendo la franja 1 (del punto 1 al 7), franja 2 (del punto 8 al 14) y franja 3 (del punto 15 al 21). El análisis de datos se llevo a cabo con el software SPSS v.19. La prueba Chi-cuadrado, estableció diferencias significativas entre los diferentes tipos de saques para la franja 1 y 3 (p<.05), pero no se establecieron diferencias significativas en la franja 2 para los tres tipos de saque utilizado (p>.05). Se experimenta una disminución en el uso del saque en potencia (SP) de la franja 1 (84.1%) con respecto al de la franja 3 (4.8%), mientras que el saque flotante (SF) aumenta de la franja 1 (13.5%) a la franja 3 (81%). Finalmente el saque flotante (SF) en salto aumentan de la franja 1 (2.4%) a la franja 2 (28%) y decrece de esta última a la franja 3 (14.3%).

Injury incidence in judokas at the Spanish National University Championship

Background and Study Aim: Understanding injury incidence rates will be a great help with regards to preventing potential future damages. It is for this reason that this study suggests studying a large number of variables. The purpose of research is the relationship of events (empirical variables) that are usually taken into account in developing injury prevention programs during the battles and training in judo tournament. Material and methods: In this research project, 57 male judokas taking part in the Spanish National University Championship in 2009 were asked to complete a retrospective questionnaire. We analysed the following events: the most commonly injured body regions, the medical diagnosis, how and when the injury happened, the type of injury, the side of the body and the type of medical attention received. For the statistical analysis, we used the SPSS statistics programme to apply the Chi-square test in order to determine the significance levels for non-parametric tests from p<.05. Results: Significant differences were found in the most commonly injured body region, the shoulder/clavicle (p<.05), and in the most common diagnosis, the sprain (p<.05). Impact injuries (p<.05) are the most common and training (p<.05) is the most dangerous time. About the type of injury, 78.38% are new injuries (p<.05) and 69.05% affect the right hand side of the body (p<.05). Doctors are the most consulted specialists, but the physiotherapists obtained the best marks. Have been out due to injury for over 21 days 36.36% of the participants, but not for the entire season. Conclusions: The most common diagnosis in university student judokas coincides with those of elite judokas, with the sprain being the most common. University student judokas have a higher rate of shoulder/clavicle injuries, while professional judokas are prone to a higher rate of knee injuries. Training is the most common moment in which injuries occur, both in university student judokas and professional judokas. New injuries are the most common types of injuries in university student judokas and, while doctors are the most consulted specialists, the physiotherapists obtained the best marks.

Performance Factors in Women's Team Handball: Physical and Physiological Aspects—A Review

Team handball is an Olympic sport played professionally in many European countries. Nevertheless, a scientific knowledge regarding women's elite team handball demands is limited. Thus, the purpose of this article was to review a series of studies (n = 33) on physical characteristics, physiological attributes, physical attributes, throwing velocity, and on-court performances of women's team handball players. Such empirical and practical information is essential to design and implement successful short-term and long-term training programs for women's team handball players. Our review revealed that (a) players that have a higher skill level are taller and have a higher fat-free mass; (b) players who are more aerobically resistant are at an advantage in international level women team handball; (c) strength and power exercises should be emphasized in conditioning programs, because they are associated with both sprint performance and throwing velocity; (d) speed drills should also be implemented in conditioning programs but after a decrease in physical training volume; (e) a time-motion analysis is an effective method of quantifying the demands of team handball and provides a conceptual framework for the specific physical preparation of players. According to our results, there are only few studies on on-court performance and time-motion analysis for women's team handball players, especially concerning acceleration profiles. More studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of different training programs of women's team handball players' physiological and physical attributes.

Deporte e igualdad: las voces de las deportistas de élite

El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido analizar y valorar las percepciones de las deportistas de élite ante su insuficiente presencia en el deporte. La metodología utilizada permite examinar e interpretar los pensamientos y creencias de una cohorte de deportistas de alto rendimiento. El instrumento utilizado para el tratamiento de los datos ha sido el programa informático AQUAD 7. En este estudio se abordan diferentes modalidades de relación de las participantes (el balonmano como deporte colectivo, el atletismo como individual y la lucha judo como una competición entre dos individuos). Los resultados muestran que las deportistas perciben situaciones de discriminación de género y ausencias de igualdad de oportunidades en su desarrollo profesional. Las conclusiones de este estudio aconsejan proponer un cambio en las políticas tendentes a la equiparación efectiva en la carrera deportiva de las mujeres.

Effects of whole body vibration on strength and jumping performance in volleyball and beach volleyball players

The primary aim of this study was to examine the effects of 6-week strength training with whole body vibration (WBV) on leg strength and jumping performance in volleyball and beach volleyball players. Twenty-three sub-elite male volleyball (VB; n=12) and beach volleyball players (BVB; n=11) aged 21.2±3.0 years were divided into two groups and subjected to 6 weeks of strength training (three one-hour sessions per week): (I) 12 players (6 VB and 6 BVB players) underwent training with WBV (30-40 Hz, 1.7-2.5 mm, 3.0-5.7 g), and (II) 11 players (6 VB and 5 BVB players) underwent traditional strength training. Squat jump (SJ) and countermovement squat jump (CMJ) measurements by the Ergo Tester contact platform and maximum leg press test (1RM) were conducted. Three-factor (2 time x 2 WBV use x 2 discipline) analysis of variance for SJ, CMJ and 1RM revealed a significant time main effect (p<0.001), a WBV use effect (p<0.001) and a discipline effect (p<0.001). Significantly greater improvements in the SJ (p<0.001) and CMJ (p<0.001) and in 1RM (p<0.001) were found in the WBV training groups than in traditional training groups. Significant 3-way interaction effects (training, WBV use, discipline kind) were also found for SJ, CMJ and 1RM (p=0.001, p<0.001, p=0.001, respectively). It can be concluded that implementation of 6-week WBV training in routine practice in volleyball and beach volleyball players increases leg strength more and leads to greater improvement in jump performance than traditional strength training, but greater improvements can be expected in beach volleyball players than in volleyball players.