Efeito da estrutura etária nas taxas de homicídios em regiões metropolitanas brasileiras (Natal - Recife - São Paulo)

Este estudio examina el fenómeno de asesinato, desde la perspectiva de cambiar la estructura de edad de la zona metropolitana de Natal, Recife y Sao Paulo, utilizando los datos del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad-SIM/DATASUS, del Ministerio de Salud. Se llevaron a cabo ejercicios teóricos estandarización directa con las estructuras de diferentes edades para evaluar el efecto de los cambios en la estructura de la población en las tasas de mortalidad por homicidio. Los resultados presentados en las pirámides de edad y las cartas apuntan a la población de edad avanzada en las tres áreas metropolitanas de la serie analizada, así como las que muestran un mayor riesgo de victimización en las personas, hombres, de edades comprendidas entre 15 y 39 años. Hemos utilizado diversos ejercicios de las tasas de homicidios con patrones estandarizados de distintas edades, incluyendo una población proyectada para el año 2020 de la Región Metropolitana de São Paulo, cada vez más evidente que cuando la población se vuelve más edad con menos gente en los grupos de mayor riesgo tienden a tener menores tasas de muertes por homicidio, también puede presentar otros resultados siempre la misma línea de razonamiento

Efeitos do ultra-som terapêutico sobre o crescimento longitudinal do fêmur e da tíbia em ratos

Objectives: To determine the effects of ultrasound therapy on the femur and tibia growth in young rats. Method: Four-week-old male Ratus Norvegicus totaling 115 animals, divided into four groups, were submitted to ultrasound therapy (0.8 MHz, fixed tube head, continuous pulse, for 10 minutes, once a day, ten times) on the medial face of the right knee, with powers of 0.0 W/cm2 (group 31), 0.5 W/cm2 (group G2), 1.0 W/cm2 (group G3), and 1.5 W/cm2 (group G4). Histological slides of the epiphysis, growth plate and metaphysis and the femoral and tibial length measurements were studied in the sixth, thirteenth and twenty-sixth weeks of life. The data were submitted to factorial analysis of variance according to a one-way layout. Results: No statistically significant bone growth alteration was established between any of the three treated groups and the control group. However, alterations in femoral and tibial growth suggesting a decrease in G4 in relation to 02 and G3 were noted. In G4, histopathological alterations, such as cellular necrosis and post-necrosis bone neoformation were found. Conclusion: According to this study, no statistical evidence of bone growth stimulus or inhibition resulting from the application of ultrasound therapy was found when comparing the treated groups with the control group. Histological alterations regarded as pathological were only observed in G4. Also, smaller significant bone growth was found in G4 compared to G2 and G3. Level of Evidence: Level II, cross-sectional study.

Effect of watergym in knee osteoarthritis

Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of watergym to alleviate knee osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms and improve locomotor function. Methods: Forty-two volunteers, 38 women and four men with OA, practicing watergym, divided into the following groups: beginners, intermediate, advanced, and advanced level with other physical activities in addition to watergym were included in the study. Individuals were assessed at times zero, 8 and 12 weeks, with classes lasting 45 minutes, twice a week. Function was assessed by the Aggregate Locomotor Function (ALF) score, and pain and other symptoms by the visual analogical scale (VAS) and by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire. Statistical analysis was carried out by the variance analysis for repeated measurements, followed by Tukey's method for comparison of time point means whenever required. Results: None of the tests showed a significant improvement of pain or locomotion. Conclusion: Watergym was not effective in improving symptoms and did not affect the locomotor capacity of individuals with knee OA.

O (des)conhecimento do professor sobre a avaliação e o plano de desenvolvimento da escola

This paper is part of an extension project titled “The implementation of the School Development Plan in public schools of São Paulo: contradictions and implications for the educational management practice”. The School Development Plan is a program supported by the Ministry of Education through the National Fund for Education Development. Since 2010, it has been directed to state and local public schools that have not reached the goals set by the Basic Education Development Index. This research has been conducted in four public schools of an inner city of São Paulo since April 2011, in which the School Development Plan is being implemented. The objective of this study is to analyze the teachers’ concepts of learning assessment and identify the instruments used for such assessment and when they are used. The research made use of a qualitative approach. The study is based on literature review and data collected through questionnaires completed by teachers. We consider the importance of teachers monitoring the whole teaching and learning process and not only the results. However, public policies stimulate final results; thus, the study points out that teachers perform a checking, not an assessment, since there is no decision making. It is crucial to join quantity and quality when performing an assessment that diagnoses and values students and their effective learning.

Cursos superiores de tecnologia: igualdade jurídica e dualidade na escola

Since the 1990s, higher education technology courses in Brazil have greatly expanded the offer of courses and places. However, the high dropout rates presented in these courses led to a research in order to uncover the factors that lead students to dropout. Through literature review and desk research, this study makes a historical analysis of how professional education is conducted in Brazil. This paper seeks to demonstrate that the implementation of public policies for professional education exacerbates the school’s duality. However, such duality generates contradictions between subjective and objective issues produced by the ideology disseminated by public policies and government actions in relation to vocational education. These contradictions end up unveiling the social inferiority of vocational education and discourage students from remaining in the courses. The legal equality between educational levels seeks to mediate the emergence of these contradictions. However, despite legal equality, social equality is not achieved in the implementation of public policies, leading to a high dropout rate.

O fantasma da modernidade: considerações acerca de Jardinópolis

Este artigo objetiva fazer uma análise dos efeitos da modernidade no município de Jardinópolis (SP) no início do século XX, especificamente, nas transformações urbanas acarretadas por sua chegada. Para tal intento, fizemos uso de fontes cartográficas, documentais e iconográficas

Vestígios de civilização e bárbarie na Bellé Époque ribeirãpretana: interpretação indicárias do cotidiano escolar do Terceiro Grupo Escolar

O presente trabalho busca compreender o processo civilizador que ocorreu na cidade de Ribeirão Preto na década de 1920, no contexto da Belle Époque Caipira. Para alcançar este objetivo, lançamos mão da análise da Ata de Exames Finais de 1927 do Terceiro Grupo Escolar de Ribeirão Preto. Para interpretar estes dados utilizamos uma abordagem indiciária, abrangendo diversos aspectos da realidade escolar.

Política também se ensina? a propósito dos jovens e do espaço universitário

Neste trabalho apresentamos a proposta de levantar as concepções de um grupo de jovens universitários dos cursos de graduação, do período noturno. Pretendeu-se com esses dados coletados em entrevistas refletir sobre questões como: interesse político, consciência política e participação política entre os jovens.

Estratégias de preservação da memória do lugar: as políticas públicas para a industrialização, os intelectuais e a organização da cultura e os desafios da preservação do patrimônio agroindustrial em são José do Rio Preto - SP

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar as relações entre as políticas públicas para a industrialização, a construção do patrimônio agroindustrial e os desafios das políticas de preservação do patrimônio em São José do Rio Preto (SP).

Diagnóstico e tratamento precoce da Classe III: relato de um caso clínico

In malocclusion studies, may happen not only dental discrepancies but even skeletal discrepancies. In Class III malocclusion can be observed underdeveloped maxilla, mandible protraction or both of them, and, in most of the times associated with a narrow maxilla that causes anterior or posterior crossbites, in one side or in two sides. The aim of this case report is to evaluate the facial profile and occlusal effects of interceptive orthodontics therapy. The treatment with upper arch expansion and maxilla protraction was done in an early age to be effective in the circummaxillary sutural system and to make the orthopedic effect easier. The facial mask used is positioned on two facial points and allows an anterior maxillary replacement. Patients’ compliance is important to reach treatment success, this because using the mask still in this growth and development phase is essential to make the facial and occlusal effects happen. It is important to mention that patients with Angle Class III malocclusion need to be followed till the end of their growth.

O papel dos games na construção de conteúdos midiáticos educativos

The goal of our article is build – including universes to support empirical research in communication – an educational matrix for a different order of analysis, incorporating new possibilities available for the advancement of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). For this goal we use the game, as a source of playful learning and formation of being. Introducing the interaction from game plataform as middle convergent, where it is possible the diffusion and expansion of knowled in constant way that enables education and information exchanges oustide the status quo of schools, increasing the e effectiveness of knowledge fixing and interest to acquire it.

Protagonismo quilombola: seus sujeitos e seus saberes influenciando a educação

This article aims at presenting the quilombola people and their knowledge, as they influence education, as well as and the education that exists in these communities in Brazil, particularly in the state of São Paulo. Furthermore, it tries to explain what are the quilombos, the origin of the term and the political and cultural history of these populations in the country, drawing a time continuum to facilitate the understanding of the reality of these groups and communities in various parts of the country in the XXI century. Thus we will have the opportunity to reflect, discuss and clarify some aspects that guide the reality of the quilombola communities in Brazil, and therefore to expand our critical capacity about the present educational process.

Um estudo de caso sobre a importância da comunicação organizacional nas instituições privadas de ensino superior (IPES)

Estudo sobre a importância que a comunicação organizacional exerce no âmbito das instituições privadas do ensino superior. Entende-se que a comunicação organizacional vem ganhando espaço neste segmento e diferentes estudos contribuem para a compreensão sobre sua função estratégica e integrada. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso cujos resultados poderão promover uma reflexão mais aprofundada sobre o tema. Percebeu-se que apesar da sua importância, ainda é necessário que as IPES criem e incorporem uma política de comunicação organizacional à sua gestão universitária.

O pagamento por desempenho no contexto das reformas educacionais paulistas

This article presents the results of a research that has as its analysis focus the payment by performance, represented in the public educational system of the São Paulo State by the bonus-merit. The bonus, such as other measures implemented in the last decade, is part of neoliberal reforms that were predominant in the public educational system of the State. The article intends to debate the implications of this mechanism for the teaching from a bibliographic review about the topic as well as from the interpretation of data originated from a qualitative empirical investigation based on semi-structured interviews with second cycle teachers of high and middle schools of three regional departments of education. The results revealed an influence of performative and managerial elements in the organizational work of schools and teachers. Moreover, they showed that the payment by performance has not contributed for the improvement of the work conditions and for the career of the teachers, has a very limited impact to change the quality of education and thus represent a teacher accountability mechanism.