930 resultados para Cidade. Sociabilidade. Praças. Medo. Violência


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A violência doméstica contra as crianças e os adolescentes constitui hoje um dos parâmetros de discussão apresentados pelos movimentos sociais e pela sociedade civil. Reconhecida há poucas décadas como um problema social no país, ela representa um dos componentes relacionados aos debates sobre a operacionalidade da Justiça no Brasil. Reconhecendo a pluralidade de modelos de organização familiar e as formas alternativas de apaziguamento dos embates sociais, procurou-se entender que tipo de tratamento é conferido pelos tribunais àquelas ações litigiosas que convergem para o seu campo de atuação. Por meio de um estudo de caso do sistema de justiça criminal na cidade de Santa Maria, confrontando os tipos de sentença terminativa atribuídas aos processos com os elementos legais e extralegais utilizados pelos operadores do direito, percebeu-se as especificidades do funcionamento destas instâncias judiciais em relação aos conflitos interpessoais vivenciados no âmbito doméstico. Diante de um movimento crescente que procura aumentar a penalização para os crimes que envolvem estas formas de violência, foi possível discutir como estes conflitos são solucionados nas varas criminais comuns e no juizado especial criminal. A partir dos elementos encontrados ao longo do trabalho de campo, apreendeu-se que embora a informalização da justiça viabilize uma participação mais efetiva da vítima e de seu representante legal no processo, em detrimento à justiça comum, tornando mais célere o movimento da ação litigiosa e oportunizando a conciliação entre as partes, ela depara-se, ainda, com os problemas relacionados à interpretação da legislação e à percepção desta temática pelos agentes do aparelho judiciário.

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O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar que o fenômeno social conhecido como violência infantil doméstica tem como finalidade principal disciplinar o corpo, educar os modos e controlar o comportamento, utilizando como recurso para atingir este objetivo, o desenvolvimento do sentimento de medo na criança, aterrorizando-a com diferentes práticas de torturas domésticas. Tais agressões físicas contra as crianças e os adolescentes fazem parte de um processo de transição da palmada onde a punição pedagógica que antes tinha objetivos disciplinares foi se transformando ao longo do tempo no que entendemos hoje como violência infantil. Para buscar explicações que pudessem ajudar a entender o desenvolvimento da violência infantil. Para buscar explicações que pudessem ajudar a entender o desenvolvimento da violência contra a criança e adolescente o trabalho vai utilizar como fonte livros e artigos publicados por autores que pesquisaram sobre o tema, representantes de diferentes áreas das ciências, entre elas, Sociologia, Pedagogia, História, Psicologia, Antropologia, Direito e Medicina. Do ponto de vista das políticas públicas, somente com a constituição de 1988 a criança passou a ser pensada como um sujeito de direito, com a criação do Estatuto da Criança e Adolescentes (ECA), demostrando a preocupação do Estado no avanço descontrolado dos casos de violência contra criança. Ainda na década de 90 a criação do Disque Denúncia - uma iniciativa do setor privado - trouxe grandes resultados para o alcance da justiça nesses casos.

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O presente trabalho analisou ações culturais em logradouros públicos do município do Rio de Janeiro, atualmente chamadas de Arte Pública, no contexto posterior a promulgação em junho de 2012 da Lei do Artista de Rua, que garante o uso livre do espaço urbano para as apresentações artísticas destes grupos e artistas e reconhece oficialmente estas manifestações. A partir deste quadro a pesquisa se propõe a refletir sobre as possíveis contradições entre a mediação cultural que acreditamos ser inerente a este segmento e a institucionalização decorrente desta lei. O estudo da mediação visou ainda pensar em outras formas de participação social no planejamento das políticas culturais. A investigação foi feita prioritariamente com palhaços profissionais que atuem nas ruas, praças, comunidades e outras áreas públicas do município.

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A sensação disseminada de insegurança e uma forte crise de confiança na polícia são os dois sentimentos que melhor traduzem a realidade da segurança pública no Brasil, de acordo com o monitoramento realizado pela FGV/DAPP – que registrou 312 mil menções entre 1o e 08 de agosto. “Medo, críticas à polícia e referências a crimes foram as situações mais relatadas.

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Cidadania, justiça e “pacificação” em favelas cariocas traz um diagnóstico empírico da condição do exercício da cidadania nas favelas do Cantagalo, do Vidigal e do Complexo do Alemão, no Rio de Janeiro, cobrindo algumas das dimensões da cidadania, com ênfase no acesso à justiça. O livro é resultado de extensa pesquisa de campo realizada nestas favelas entre os anos de 2010 e 2013, incluindo dados gerados a partir de entrevistas estruturadas (survey) e semiestruturadas (entrevistas individuais e grupais), discutidos à luz de teorias e outros estudos sociológicos e sociais, refletindo acerca dos efeitos que a política pública de segurança destinada a estas áreas (as Unidades de Polícia Pacificadora) têm provocado nas dimensões da cidadania abordadas no estudo. O leitor encontrará, ao longo da publicação, o mapeamento do perfil destas favelas e dos seus moradores, enfatizando a negociação de identidades e a sociabilidade nesses espaços, passando pela identificação da cultura jurídica dos moradores, das categorias jurídicas por eles acionadas, e de percepções, vivências e atitudes que manifestam com relação a dimensões diversas como qualidade de vida, consumo de bens e serviços, lazer, conflitos, direitos, instituições de justiça, segurança, moradia, educação, saúde, entre outras. As evidências empíricas e as discussões analíticas aqui reunidas permitem constatar a continuidade do déficit de cidadania dos moradores das favelas cariocas, e caracterizar demandas por justiça não atendidas, seja pela precariedade de infraestrutura, urbanização e serviços que chegam até essas localidades, seja pela persistência dos estigmas da marginalidade social, ou pelo desconhecimento de direitos e das instituições de garantias desses direitos. A conclusão geral é de que a política de pacificação traz alguns benefícios aos moradores, sobretudo no aspecto da previsibilidade do seu cotidiano, reduzindo o medo e aumentando o sentimento de tranquilidade nas favelas – apesar de gerar novos conflitos. Já nos aspectos de desenvolvimento social e integração da favela à cidade, a política deixa a desejar. O epílogo é enfático nesse ponto, “a ruptura das dicotomias favela × bairro, morro x asfalto, tão marcantes na paisagem e no imaginário cariocas, parece estar se processando apenas no plano formal, enquanto isso a cidade segue partida em seus aspectos simbólico e social.

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Objetivou analisar a atuação dos enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família frente à violência intrafamiliar contra a criança, visando identificar ações de prevenção do problema. Pesquisa descritiva e exploratória de cunho qualitativo, cujos dados foram analisados conforme análise de conteúdo. Participaram do estudo 14 enfermeiros da Estratégia de Saúde da Família do município de Mossoró-RN. Dados coletados utilizando-se questionário semiestruturado. As ações de promoção à saúde são atividades educativas desenvolvidas após detecção de casos. O medo de represálias do agente agressor, a sobrecarga de trabalho, a falta de apoio dos gestores e a dificuldade para a materialização da interdisciplinaridade, intersetorialidade e integralidade da atenção foram mencionadas como barreiras ao enfrentamento do problema

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The city is the privileged place construction of social and political life, and the gathering of social groups. Meeting place, the diversity and possibilities. But the urban universe which cities belong is not a homogeneous whole. There are spaces demarcated and valued ideologically creating antithetical images about places that are now recognized as violent or dangerous. Peripheral urban situations of unprivileged add to theprejudices to the origin of place within the neighborlyallotments José Sarney and Novo Horizonte (Japan Slum) / Natal-RN, which are reproduced in narratives of everyday life. Spatial divisions are exploited, mixed and repeated to maintain social distances through rites of separations and dichotomies such as neighborhood/joint housing, allotment/slum and the people of the high place/the people of the down place. Social categories such as buraco(hole) and cabras (goats) are evoked to interpret the world of violence and places regarded as dangerous. The prominence of hypermasculinity and perception of children and adolescents living on the outer elements are brought up to the interpretation of images evoked in interviews with residents and their neighbors

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In this present work, the conditions of displacements and the behaviors of the users are evaluated, face to the physical adequacies in accessibility in the inserted area in the central quadrilateral of the Quarter of Cidade Alta, in the City of Natal/RN, space clipping established by its great meaning historical and cultural. For this reason such area was a target of an integrated actions plan during the years of 1993 and 1998, with the implantation of part of the Project CIDADE SEM BARREIRAS (City without Barriers) and, later, the implementation of the Project CIDADE PARA TODOS's proposals (City for All), having as supports the constant Brazilian norms inserted into the NB9050/1994 and in the Municipal law number 4.090/92, effective ones in the period of the interventions. Considering that the carried through actions at the time were directed to the elimination of the architectural barriers to guarantee the right to go and to come, the research received a human universe formed by all the people in situation of displacement in the central area of the interventions in the quarter of the Cidade Alta, independently of their locomotive or sensorial conditions, emphasizing the aspects most excellent how much to the accessibility of the sidewalk, as promotional of mobility, integration and urban organization, as well as of the public squares of that one quadrilateral, conceived, originally, as spaces of aggregation and social inclusion. The work appealed to the direct comment and the gotten results had been collated with the ex port facto law and technique norms, of the year of 2004, and with the legal devices contained in the Federal Decree number 5.296/2004, as way to certify the levels of efficiency of these adaptations in that it says respect to the current conditions of demanded accessibility and urban mobility

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This research investigates how functionality, rationality, and emotionality applied to urban furniture design contribute to the organization, legibility, and qualification of public spaces, according to different layouts, physical and visual qualities of the urban furniture as well as the quality of urban infrastructure that may influence the uses and appropriation of urban spaces by pedestrians, turning those spaces into socially centripetal or centrifugal places. The work consists of two parts. First refers to a bibliographical review concerning two main issues of the investigation: product design and legibility of public space, defining the conceptual and theoretical bases, linked to methodological strategies aimed at systemic planning and integrated management of urban furniture design and legibility of public spaces (sidewalks), that are necessary to define the existing relationships among the user s interface (pedestrians); product (urban artifacts); built environment (sidewalks). The second part refers to the achievement of empirical approach throughout visual analysis of public spaces and the functional and qualitative evaluation of the existing urban furniture in the central neighborhood of Cidade Alta, Natal, RN, according to the theoretical researched concepts and methodological procedures. The results expose the weaknesses and levels of intensity arising from the relations among public space, urban furniture, and users, revealing the need for theoretical and practical approaches which would help the decision-making in planning, designing and integrating innovative, sustainable, and ethical solutions in order to design attractive public spaces that could provide sociability and citizenship throughout integrated public management, city systemic thinking and urban identity. The suggested guidelines at the end of this research will provide the necessary strategies to design suitable urban furniture systems according to aesthetic and practical urban infrastructure and city context, aiming to ease visual and physical conflicts that may negatively interfere with the appropriation of public spaces by the citizens

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The significance of the body in electronic music parties as a sign for communicating and socializing among participants is the focus of this work. Qualitative research undertaken in this study seeks to investigate how sociability happens at raves and nightclubs in Natal/RN. Sociability is understood here as a play expression involving the dimensions of music, dance and party; the body, seen from a transdisciplinary approach, is understood as a symbolic instance, with its own meanings, as a result and a producer of social and as a cross between the cultural and the biological. The body has a communicative potential, is primary media. An intersection point between nature and culture, it serves as the seat of emotions and sociability, since it is through it that social relations are made. In electronic music parties, the body is interpreted based on its communication signs: clothing, accessories, body movements, tactile contact, body language, interactions between the public and dj, the dj and the public, gestures, expressive speech of emotions. Through such signs, body communication and a sense of community among participants develop sociability in the festive place and change the mood of the dancers. The Natal s electronic music parties young goer interacts on parties, adopts cheerful and receptive positions towards the other, maintains physical contact, values dance as a form of communication and lists happiness as the main feeling aroused in electronic music festivals. To achieve this result, a plurimetodological approach was used, which consisted of various methodological devices and various techniques of investigation: ethnographic observation, individual and informal interview techniques, photographic record of the scene, in-depth interview and application thirty questionnaires to patrons of electronic music parties

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This paper presents some reflections on the social world of young female transgression. The context corresponds to those ones that obey social and educational measures in The Padre João Maria Education Centre (CEDUC), in Natal- RN. This behavior, according to the Statute of Children and Young (ECA, 1990), is defined as "conduct described as crime or misdemeanor." Our goal is to discuss aspects of the contexts in which young women are interacting with the universe of total institutional control mechanisms. Through the socio-anthropological analysis of the ethnographic practice in field research, it was necessary to question the concept of misuse engaged in the practice of penalties awarded to young women in the context of private freedom. So was built a frame relating the representations of the relations of gender, generation, the practice of violence and crime from the look on CEDUC/ Padre João Maria Education Centre

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Nowadays, the act of mourning configures as a circumstance of isolation and social anguish due to the impossibility to express the pain by those who suffer the loss of a dear one. At the same time, the symbolic relations established between society and the cemetery contains interpretations about death, pain and fear which confer to the visits a special and individual feature. In this context, this dissertation tries to analyse the formation of a sociability observed among visitors of the Morada da Paz a private cemetery located in Natal/RN as well as the frequency of the visitors to the necropolis. Therefore, the research was accomplished from the observation of the existent relations among these actors whose meetings have procured links based on the experiences´ exchange about pain and bereavement. In this sense, this study tries to analyse, as its principal point, in which way the Morada da Paz space and the relations established there are being appropriate by the visitors in their mourning process, trying to understand what are the role of these bond in the elaboration of the loss for these people

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Currently, we attend a reverence of concepts ahead as health, life, youth and body. In we widen amount the ideals concerned to the healthful life, to the quality of life, the longevity and joviality and the extremities of the body represented by the illness, for the virus infection, the physical deficiency and the aging. Of the historical shades of the plague, of the hunger and the war that gagged the defenseless individual and its body, in the current days we increase the search for a full and powerful life, independent of a religious imaginary to predict the epidemic curse, the threat represented for the sick people and the incarnate divine anger in the death; or of medical science presented in the spaces of the technology and the physiology, being left fragile the social and psychological dimensions of the human confined to the patient issue and, finally, the commanded urban health politics in quantitative goals of hygienic cleaning, of the medical techniques and the education citizen. For beyond these instances, emerges in our days a plural, close and biographical agreement well of the body and welfare. On the other hand, an understanding of the healthful life and well-being that more certifies the presence of something the one that clear landmarks amongst normality and the irregularity, the esteem and the destructive vice: it has a projection of healthful life measures without conceptual models of body and health under the doctor-scientific standard occidental. This thematic one will confide in way to the enclosure for spaces to the muscles and fitness exercises and the bars from the city of Natal, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, while comprehensive interchange concerning as the individual comes dealing with the notion the body and health and, mainly, if perceiving inside of its body and its health. Amongst these two spaces of typical leisure of the modern urban phenomenon, the hedonism bodily with its muscles and salience and one another form of hedonism in the fruition of allowed drugs will be across itself in a dialogue about which social s relationships are really in game in an imaginary construction amongst an doctor-aesthetic ideal of health and the social and subjective experience in the option for a healthful life

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

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The present dissertation tells a proposal of based pedagogical intervention in the use of practical corporal cooperatives during lessons of physical education in intention to create situations that allow to educating to reflect on the violence and its consequences in the social relations in the school. For in such a way, we leave from the following question of study: which perspectives of the physical education to contribute to minimize the aggressive and violent attitudes of the pupils in the school? Centered in the objective to reflect on the aggressiveness, the violence and bullying in the school, the light of a theoretical recital and in the perspectives of contribution of practical the corporal cooperatives for the reduction of its effect in the pertaining to school environment, in particular in the lessons of physical education, we search among others to involve the pupils in activities that stimulated the expression of human values as solidarity, respect and cooperation. In this intention, we opt to a ethnographic study for the possibility of next interaction between investigator and the investigated one. Our research is directly on to the social aspects that involve the problems of the society in a general way, in the attempt to diminish the decurrent problems of aggression situations, that they happen in one definitive municipal school of the city of Natal/RN, the sample being constituted of pupils of 6º year of Basic Education. It analyzes the practical situations lived deeply by the pupils had revealed efficient to minimize the aggressive attitudes in the pertaining to school space, as well as it opens perspectives so that the educators deal better with such attitudes, using to advantage them to educate the pupils in the direction to stimulate the good relations. We believe that with this research, to be able to of course share with other schools our experiences in the attempt of resolution of similar problems regarding thematic of the aggressiveness, respecting the specificity of each school in particular