Resolution of amino acids through the bromo-camphor sulfonamides.

Thesis (B.S.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1921.

On the geological action of the humus acids /

"From the Proceedings of the American association for the advancement of science, vol. XXXVIII ... August, 1879."

A micro method for the determination of the nucleic acids,

Brookhaven National Laboratory [operated by] Associated Universities, Inc. under contract with the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission.

Electrolytic reduction of commercial phosphoric acids /

"Date Declassified: September 23, 1955."

Feeding tests and auxiliary studies on sorbitol, mannitol and four types of nonionic emulsifiers derived from long chain fat-forming fatty acids.

Cover title.

The essential amino acids.

On cover: A brief guide with annotated bibliography.

Proteins and amino acids in animal nutrition.

Mode of access: Internet.

The analysis of fermentation acids; the qualitative and quantitative estimation of formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, and lactic acids in biological material ...

"Use of Duclaux method on various substances" (bibliography): p. 235-236. Bibliography: p. 245-277.

New methods of alkalimetry, and of determining the commercial value of acids and manganese.

Translation of Neue Verfahrungsweisen zur Prüfung der Pottasche und Soda, der Aschen, der Säuren, insbesondere des Essigs so wie Braunsteins auf ihren wahren Gehalt und Handelswerth.

The physiology of the amino acids,

"References to literature" at end of chapters.

Methods for microbiological and chemical determinations of essential amino acids in proteins and foods /

Cover title.

Electrochemical analysis : studies of acids, bases, and salts by EMF conductance, optical and kinetic methods, July 1964 to June 1965 /

"Issued September 6, 1965."

On citraconic, itaconic and mesaconic acids.

Thesis (doctoral)--

Fatty acids as haptens: exploring the limits of antigenicity

Fatty acids (FAs) are relatively small, hydrophobic and highly mobile molecular structures with vital biological functions and a ubiquitous distribution. Surprisingly, however, they can be rendered immunogenic. We have synthesised a novel immunogen in which dicarboxylic linoleic acid was conjugated to a carrier protein. Dicarboxylic fatty acids (DCA) differ from their normal counterparts only by their possession of a carboxyl group at each end of the molecule. When conjugated to proteins as haptens, they are, therefore, presented to the immune system with a free carboxyl group at the distal end, instead of a methyl group. Polyclonal IgG antibodies raised in response to this unique immunogen could bind not only conjugated hapten with high affinity, but also the equivalent free FA in mono and dicarboxylic form. Similar conjugates constructed from normal FAs produced much weaker antibody responses and could scarcely be considered antigenic at all. The cross-reactivities of the anti-DCA antibodies with FA variants differing in the number, position and configuration of their double bonds showed that the antibody paratope (binding site) was structured to accommodate the hapten in a way that depended on the precise shape of the acyl chain. We suggest that FAs become much more effective as B-cell epitopes when presented with their hydrophilic carboxyl group exposed on the surface of immunogenic conjugates. This type of epitope is determined by the particular double bond pattern of the unsaturated acyl chain, as well as the polar head group. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Matching poultry production with available feed resources: issues and constraints

Corn and soyabeans may not be available in many countries particularly those which do not have sufficient foreign currency or the capacity to grow them. This paper outlines strategies that may be important under these circumstances. Alternative feedstuffs and various feeding systems may be used to support poultry production. Alternative ingredients such as rice bran, pearl millet, cottonseed meal and grain legumes are discussed. Evidence is presented showing that amino acid requirements of layers and broilers may be too generous particularly in countries where climate, management and disease can impose production constraints. The ability of finishing broilers to perform well on very low-energy diets allows the inclusion of alternative feeds and by-products into formulations. Very low protein diets based on cereals and free amino acids can be used for layers without loss of performance. Self-selection of feedstuffs may be an important strategy in reducing feed costs of broilers and layers. The concept of matching production with available feed resources may compromise broiler growth and egg production, but in many countries this may be the most economical choice. Countries in the humid tropics usually have reduced poultry performance. The effects of high temperature and humidity are difficult to overcome. The vexed questions of the escalation in the price of fossil fuel and the outbreak of avian influenza, both seemingly without a solution, are clouds hanging over an otherwise buoyant industry.