Die Filling Behaviour of Semi Solid A356 Al Alloy Slurry During Rheo Pressure Die Casting

The present work discusses the findings obtained from simulations of semi solid die filling of a steering knuckle, prior to actual component development using in-house developed rheo pressure die casting system. Die filling capability of A356 Al alloy at semi-solid state has been investigated using commercial software Flow-3Dcast to optimise the pouring temperature of semi-solid slurry into the die cavity, while all other variables such as gating design, die preheat temperature and injection velocity are kept constant based on the prior knowledge obtained from trial numerical simulations and experimentation. Efforts have been made to nullify the essence of costly, time consuming experiments towards obtaining high-quality castings out of the findings obtained from numerical simulations. The optimum pouring temperature identified in the present study is 610 A degrees C, which facilitates smoother slurry flow, minimum surface defect concentration, uniform temperature field and solid fraction distribution within the component cavity.

A Study of Composite Beam with Shape Memory Alloy Arbitrarily Embedded under Thermal and Mechanical Loadings

The constitutive relations and kinematic assumptions on the composite beam with shape memory alloy (SMA) arbitrarily embedded are discussed and the results related to the different kinematic assumptions are compared. As the approach of mechanics of materials is to study the composite beam with the SMA layer embedded, the kinematic assumption is vital. In this paper, we systematically study the kinematic assumptions influence on the composite beam deflection and vibration characteristics. Based on the different kinematic assumptions, the equations of equilibrium/motion are different. Here three widely used kinematic assumptions are presented and the equations of equilibrium/motion are derived accordingly. As the three kinematic assumptions change from the simple to the complex one, the governing equations evolve from the linear to the nonlinear ones. For the nonlinear equations of equilibrium, the numerical solution is obtained by using Galerkin discretization method and Newton-Rhapson iteration method. The analysis on the numerical difficulty of using Galerkin method on the post-buckling analysis is presented. For the post-buckling analysis, finite element method is applied to avoid the difficulty due to the singularity occurred in Galerkin method. The natural frequencies of the composite beam with the nonlinear governing equation, which are obtained by directly linearizing the equations and locally linearizing the equations around each equilibrium, are compared. The influences of the SMA layer thickness and the shift from neutral axis on the deflection, buckling and post-buckling are also investigated. This paper presents a very general way to treat thermo-mechanical properties of the composite beam with SMA arbitrarily embedded. The governing equations for each kinematic assumption consist of a third order and a fourth order differential equation with a total of seven boundary conditions. Some previous studies on the SMA layer either ignore the thermal constraint effect or implicitly assume that the SMA is symmetrically embedded. The composite beam with the SMA layer asymmetrically embedded is studied here, in which symmetric embedding is a special case. Based on the different kinematic assumptions, the results are different depending on the deflection magnitude because of the nonlinear hardening effect due to the (large) deflection. And this difference is systematically compared for both the deflection and the natural frequencies. For simple kinematic assumption, the governing equations are linear and analytical solution is available. But as the deflection increases to the large magnitude, the simple kinematic assumption does not really reflect the structural deflection and the complex one must be used. During the systematic comparison of computational results due to the different kinematic assumptions, the application range of the simple kinematic assumption is also evaluated. Besides the equilibrium study of the composite laminate with SMA embedded, the buckling, post-buckling, free and forced vibrations of the composite beam with the different configurations are also studied and compared.

Low-Power Super-resolution Readout with Antimony Bismuth Alloy Film as Mask layer

Sb-Bi alloy films are proposed as a new kind of super-resolution mask layer with low readout threshold power. Using the Sb-Bi alloy film as a mask layer and SiN as a protective layer in a read-only memory disc, the super-resolution pits with diameters of 380 nm are read out by a dynamic setup, the laser wavelength is 780 nm and the numerical aperture of pickup lens is 0.45. The effects of the Sb-Bi thin film thickness, laser readout power and disc rotating velocity on the readout signal are investigated. The results show that the threshold laser power of super-resolution readout of the Sb-Bi mask layer is about 0.5 mW, and the corresponding carrier-to-noise ratio is about 20 dB at the film thickness of 50 nm. The super-resolution mechanism of the Sb-Bi alloy mask layer is discussed based on its temperature dependence of reflection.

NIP a-Si : H solar cells on stanless steel with p-type nc-Si : H window layer

The successful application of boron-doped hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon as window layer in a-Si: H nip solar cells on stainless steel foil with a thickness of 0.05 mm is reported. Open circuit voltage and fill factor of the fabricated solar cell were 0.90V and 0.70 respectively. The optical and structural properties of the p-layers have been investigated by using UV-VIS and Raman spectroscopy. It is confirmed that the p-layer is hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon with a wide optical gap due to quantum size effect.

Growth of AlGaN epitaxial film with high Al content by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition

A high-Al-content AlGaN epilayer is grown on a low-temperature-deposited AlN buffer on (0001) sapphire by low pressure metalorganic chemical vapour deposition. The dependence of surface roughness, tilted mosaicity, and twisted mosaicity on the conditions of the AlGaN epilayer deposition is evaluated. An AlGaN epilayer with favourable surface morphology and crystal quality is deposited on a 20 nm low-temperature-deposited AlN buffer at a low V/III flow ratio of 783 and at a low reactor pressure of 100 Torr, and the adduct reaction between trimethylaluminium and NH3 is considered.

RF-MBE Grown AlGaN/GaN HEMT Structure with High Al Content

A Si doped AlGaN/GaN HEMT structure with high Al content (x= 44%) in the barrier layer is grown on sapphire substrate by RF-MBE. The structural and electrical properties of the heterostructure are investigated by the triple axis X-ray diffraction and Van der Pauw-Hall measurement, respectively. The observed prominent Bragg peaks of the GaN and AlGaN and the Hall results show that the structure is of high quality with smooth interface.fabricated and characterized. Better DC characteristics, maximum drain current of 1.0A/mm and extrinsic transconductance of 218mS/mm are obtained when compared with HEMTs fabricated using structures with lower Al mole fraction in the AlGaN barrier layer. The results suggest that the high Al content in the AlGaN barrier layer is promising in improving material electrical properties and device performance.

基于激光诱导击穿光谱技术的铝合金成分定量分析；Quantitative analysis of element concentration in Al alloy by using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

利用Nd:YAG激光器输出的532nm激光束对位于空气中的标准变形铝合金样品进行烧蚀产生了激光诱导等离子体.对测量的230—440nm波长范围的光谱进行了谱线标定,同时基于自由定标方法对样品成分进行了定量分析,确定了样品中的元素含量.分析结果与标准值具有较好的一致性.