1000 resultados para reabilitação estética e funcional


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O trauma frequentemente está associado à incapacidade funcional, tornando-se uma importante questão social, econômica e de saúde. O estudo busca avaliar a independência funcional de idosos com fratura, na admissão, alta, e após um mês em domicílio, e também verificar suas relações com as variáveis demográficas e de saúde. Trinta e quatro idosos hospitalizados no Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do HCFMUSP foram entrevistados e submetidos à aplicação da Medida de Independência Funcional (MIF). Das fraturas, 67,6% eram de fêmur. Os valores da MIF motora e total aumentaram na alta; já os valores da MIF total diminuíram após um mês em domicílio. A incapacidade funcional aumentou com a idade e para um maior número de dias de internação. O hipotireoidismo foi associado à incapacidade cognitiva, ao passo que a demência e a depressão foram associadas à incapacidade motora.

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O declínio da atividade física no doente renal crônico (DRC) é conhecido pela perda de força muscular ou pela redução progressiva no condicionamento e na funcionalidade.¹ Por conta dessas manifestações, o tratamento do doente renal crônico, além de aumentar a sobrevida, também deve incluir reabilitação física.² Cada vez mais estudos revelam que a participação da fisioterapia intradialítica é parte significativa dessa reabilitação. O estudo de Corrêa et al., "Efeito do treinamento muscular periférico na capacidade funcional e qualidade de vida nos pacientes em hemodiálise",³ vem, mais uma vez, confirmar que o DRC se beneficia com essa intervenção em sua rotina.

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Se parte de una fundamentación teórica de la evaluación educativa, para ofrecer un modelo funcional de evaluación continúa donde se consideran distintos apartados: planificación sistematizada; aplicación funcional de la evaluación continua; análisis de resultados. Se presentan distintos modelos operativos de seguimiento personal por áreas mediante hojas de registro que permiten evaluar en todo momento el desarrollo y el alcance de múltiples capacidades: escala evaluativa del Área de Lingüística; ficha evaluativa de Ciencias Sociales; Ficha individual evolutiva-cuantitativa de Educación Estética y Pretecnología; ficha evaluativa de Matemáticas; registro de realización científica con materiales; ficha de control de Educación Física; ficha de programación y evaluación para el Área de Formación Religiosa.

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O conhecimento dos riscos e conseqüências da lesão pulmonar induzida pela ventilação mecânica mudou a filosofia da terapia respiratória e tem influenciado nas recomendações e padronizações de seu uso. A influência dos diferentes modos ventilatórios não tem sido estudada em transplante de pulmão. O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar a influência da ventilação controlada a volume (VCV) com a ventilação controlada a pressão (PCV) no desempenho funcional dos enxertos pulmonares, em modelo canino de transplante pulmonar unilateral utilizando-se doadores após três horas de parada cardiocirculatória. Quinze cães foram randomizados em dois grupos: oito cães foram alocados para o Grupo VCV e sete cães para o Grupo PCV. Cinco cães não completaram o período de avaliação pós-transplante, os dez animais restantes, grupo VCV (n= 5) e grupo PCV (n=5), foram avaliados durante 360 min após o término do transplante pulmonar. O desempenho funcional dos enxertos foi estudado através da avaliação da mecânica respiratória, trocas gasosas e das alterações histopatológicas. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas em nenhuma das variáveis da mecânica respiratória estudadas (pressões de pico inspiratória- PPI; pressões de platô- PPLAT ; pressões médias de vias aéreas – Pmédia; complacências dinâmica- Cdyn e estática- Cst); da oxigenação, pressão parcial de oxigênio no sangue arterial e venoso misto (PaO2, PvO2); a diferença entre a saturação da hemoglobina no sangue arterial e no sangue venoso misto (ΔSO2); a pressão parcial de dióxido de carbono no sangue arterial e no sangue venoso misto (PaCO2, PvO2). As alterações histopatológicas encontradas nos pulmões dos animais foram compatíveis com o padrão de lesão pulmonar aguda. As alterações histológicas de padrão inespecífico não tiveram nenhuma correlação com o modo ventilatório. Este estudo demonstra que os modos ventilatórios estudados não influenciam as respostas dos enxertos pulmonares à lesão de isquemia reperfusão que se estabelece precocemente neste modelo experimental até 6 horas de reperfusão pulmonar pós-transplante unilateral.

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Introdução: Pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca (IC) apresentam redução de força e resistência dos músculos inspiratórios. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do treinamento muscular inspiratório sobre a capacidade funcional, oscilação da ventilação, e sobre a qualidade de vida na IC. Pacientes e Métodos: Foram selecionados 33 pacientes com IC, que apresentavam fraqueza da musculatura inspiratória. Os pacientes foram randomizados para participarem de um programa de treinamento muscular inspiratório (TMI) de 12 semanas, 7 sessões por semana de trinta minutos por sessão, com incremento semanal de 30% PImáx, com Threshold Inspiratory Muscle Trainer (grupo TMI, n=17) e um grupo controle (n=16), que realizaram o mesmo programa de treinamento, porém sem carga resistiva. Antes e após o TMI, foram avaliadas a força e a resistência da musculatura inspiratória, a capacidade funcional, a oscilação da ventilação durante o teste cardiopulmonar (TCP), e a qualidade de vida. Resultados: No grupo TMI houve aumento da PImáx (60,9±1,8 vs 129,6±2,8 cmH2O, ANOVA: p<0,001); da resistência, de 56,9±3 % para 65,5±2,9 %, (ANOVA: p<0,001); da distância percorrida no teste de caminhada, de 449,1±17,4 m para 550±17,2 m, (ANOVA: p<0,001) e no consumo de oxigênio no pico de exercício, de 17,2±0,5 para 20,6±0,7 ml/kg.min, (ANOVA: p<0,001). A oscilação da ventilação foi reduzida de 0,07±0,005 para 0,03±0,006 (ANOVA: p<0,001). Houve também melhora na qualidade de vida. Não houve alteração no grupo controle. Conclusão: O treinamento muscular inspiratório tem impacto sobre a musculatura ventilatória, melhorando a capacidade funcional em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca.

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PURPOSE: Stroke is a high-incidence cerebrovascular disease with elevated morbidity that results in impairments such as functional disabilities. This study aimed to investigate the functional evolution of individuals in the first six months post-stroke. METHOD: Longitudinal study with 42 stroke patients. The functional independence measure (FIM) and The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were used by multidisciplinary staff 3 times in each participant; the first application was at admission to rehabilitation and the others three and six months later. RESULTS: Sample predominantly female (57%), married (52%), mean age 65.26 ±10.72 years, elementary schooling level (43%), ischemic stroke (91%), and right cerebral hemisphere (74%). Motor FIM scores and NIHSS scale showed improvement in the 3 evaluations, with significant p-value (<0.001). There was a strong relation between motor FIM evolution and NIHSS evolution (r = - 0.69 p-value< 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It was observed that functional evolution at 6 months post-stroke was significant and the smaller the evolution of clinical impairment in these patients, the larger the evolution of their functional independence. The study is important because it allows a more appropriate therapeutic planning according with functional evolution in stroke rehabilitation

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Contextualization: Several studies have examined the mobility of this group of children, however little is known about the impact of motor function in activities of daily living, considering the seriousness of their neuromotor damage. Objective: Identify the functional differences of children with Cerebral Palsy with different levels of motor dysfunction and correlate these differences with the areas of mobility, self-care and social function in functional ability and caregiver´s assistance of these children. Methods: An l analytical cross-section search was developed, which were part 70 children / families aged from 4 to 7.5 years, in the Rehabilitation Center for Children. As tools were used the Pediatric Evaluation Disability Inventory (PEDI) and the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Data analysis was performed by ANOVA and Pearson's correlation tests. Results: The results show the functional variability of children CP in different severity levels of motor disfunction This variation was observed in the areas of mobility, self-care and social function. The results also showed a strong correlation between the domains mobility and self-care, mobility and social function. Conclusions: The variability shown by the children with CP, suggests the use of PEDI and GMFCS as this association appears to increase the understanding of how the gross motor functions are related to activities of daily living, describing the best commitments and their degree of impact on functional activities. This correlation demonstrates how mobility is crucial to evaluate the performance and guide the therapeutic practice, to develop the children´s potencial, and guide the caregiver in stimulation

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Mirror therapy (MT) is being used as a rehabilitation tool in various diseases, including stroke. Although some studies have shown its effectiveness, little is known about neural mechanisms that underlie the rehabilitation process. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing cortical neuromodulation after a single MT intervention in ischemic stroke survivors, by means of by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). Fifteen patients participated in a single thirty minutes MT session. fMRI data was analyzed bilaterally in the following Regions of Interest (ROI): Supplementary Motor Area (SMA), Premotor cortex (PMC), Primary Motor cortex (M1), Primary Sensory cortex (S1) and Cerebellum. In each ROI, changes in the percentage of occupation and beta values were computed. Group fMRI data showed a significant decreased in the percentage of occupation in PMC and cerebellum, contralateral to the affected hand (p <0.05). Significant increase in beta values was observed in the following contralateral motor areas: SMA, Cerebellum, PMC and M1 (p<0,005). Moreover, a significant decrease was observed in the following ipsilateral motor areas: PMC and M1 (p <0,001). In S1 a bilateral significant decrease (p<0.0005) was observed.TMS consisted of the analysis of Motor Evoked Potential (MEP) of M1 hotspot. A significant increase in the amplitude of the MEP was observed after therapy in the group (p<0,0001) and individually in 4 patients (p <0.05). Altogether, our results imply that single MT intervention is already capable of promoting changes in neurobiological markers toward patterns observed in healthy subjects. Furthermore, the contralateral hemisphere motor areas changes are opposite to the ones in the ipsilateral side, suggesting an increase system homeostasis.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: The cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is an important cause of neurological impairment. Few data about the factors associated with morbidity of cerebrovascular accident are found in Brazil. Objectives: Evaluate sociodemographic characteristics, sleep habits, cognitive and functional status of patients with cerebrovascular accident. Methods: The patients evaluated through questionnaire Step 1 to survey the sociodemographic characteristics and Modified Rankin Scale for functional assessment. The neurological degree was evaluated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), the sleep Habits questionnaire for sleep and cognitive status by the Mini-Examination of the Mental State (MEMS). The data were analyzed using the chi-square test to determine differences in proportions of variables and linear regression analysis. Results: 305 patients were evaluated and the larger number of subjects was between 50 and 69 years (40%), most patients had no formal education (40.3%) and had ischemic type of cerebrovascular accident (72.5%). In the analysis of the functionality it was found that most patients had moderate impairment (55.1%). The results of the sleep habits showed that 63,6% of patients had one more person in the bedroom,12,3% complained about too much noise in the 11 room and 35% of too much light. From these patients 5,8% were smokers, 7,8% and 70,1% drank coffee drinkers, 28,6% had difficulty in initiate to sleep and woke up 37,6% in the middle of the night. Were showed complaints about nightmares (11%), feeling of suffocation (37,7%) and 35% felt very sleepy during the day. In addition, 95% were unemployed, 80,5% did not perform physical activities and 95,4% did not perform mental activities. The cognitive screening conducted a determined association of cognitive status with age and education level and neurological status. Conclusion: The study showed a high frequency of cases of cerebrovascular accident with functional dependence in a moderate degree, identified that many patients do not follow hygienic measures of sleep and found that the assessment of cognitive deficits must take into consideration the age, educational level and degree of neurological patients. We suggest the need for programs of assistance to victims of cerebrovascular accident patients, with a multidimensional approach including the rehabilitation team, the role of sleep medicine and Neuropsychology, so that patients have access to a more appropriate functional rehabilitation, develop a lifestyle that ensures a good sleep quality and are evaluated and rehabilitated with regard to cognitive impairment

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

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The biological principles of osseointegration caused the rehabilitation treatment with osseointegrated implant become a safe, well alternative accepted by the dental community for the high success rate, allowing the preparation of functional and aesthetic prostheses in edentulous and partial patients. We passed the initial phase of functional vision for an aesthetic approach, too, depending on the demands of the patient and the quest for excellence by professionals. Over these last years, implant treatment has undergone many changes in surgical and prosthetic protocols. The less invasive surgical techniques and the development of restorative materials, especially ceramics allow the prosthetic rehabilitation of high functional quality and aesthetics. The installation of implants in sockets immediately after extraction of teeth involved by fracture, periodontal disease, endodontic lesions, is part of the arsenal of techniques for rehabilitating a number of advantages that we get to the outcome of multidisciplinary treatment. For this, we must consider several criteria in its planning as a fundamental unit, adjacent teeth, multiple losses, system, form and number of implants, type of retention of the prosthesis components, the patient expectation of the outcome perspective, gingival biotype, standard of ridge resorption, the smile line, etc. occlusal analysis. With the three-dimensional placement of the implant can immediately join the biological processes of repair of the socket, implant osseointegration, speeding treatment time. Much has been made by companies in the surface treatment of endosseous implants to be osseointegration shortened and restorative procedures started earlier, bringing benefits to the patient and professional. Among the main advantages we can emphasize the preservation of the structures adjacent to the teeth replaced, minor resorption of bone tissue involved... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)