Proyecto de creación e implementación de una revista socio cultural en la parroquia San Miguel de Porotos del cantón Azogues

El presente proyecto Creación e Implementación de una Revista Sociocultural en la parroquia San Miguel de Porotos del cantón Azogues, fue creado por dos estudiantes de la carrera de comunicación social con el principal objetivo de crear un vínculo comunicacional en la parroquia, y como un aporte a la conservación y difusión de la cultura. En su desarrollo se pone de manifiesto la combinación de los saberes teóricos adquiridos en la universidad con la práctica e inclusión en el campo de estudio, basado en investigación teórica complementada con la historia de la parroquia en estudio. Culturas y Tradiciones San Migueleñas, revista que abarca temas de índole cultural, religioso, social y deportivo, recoge historias innatas de los habitantes del lugar y pone en manifiesto la riqueza ancestral que posee su gente, la alfarería, el tejido de paja toquilla y su alto índice de catolicismo fueron las principales características para la elaboración de los artículos y fotografías publicados en la primera edición de este medio de comunicación. La apertura y colaboración de las autoridades parroquiales y pobladores permitieron la realización de este trabajo periodístico, el mismo que se forjó a base de entrevistas directas e involucramiento con la comunidad en diferentes espacios sociales y familiares.

El concepto de competencia comunicativa/ socio cultural en el proceso de adquisición de lenguas extranjeras

El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar acerca de lo que se entendió y e entiende por competencia comunicativa/ sociolinguistica o cultural en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras. A lo largo del siglo XX el término fue cobrando nuevas dimensiones recibiendo aportes tanto de la antropología como de la lingüística y la sociología y el desplazamiento de "lo local a lo global" también tiene un correlato en lo pedagógico generando interrogantes en torno a dónde nos concentrarnos como docentes cuando hablamos de competencia comunicativa intercultural, o qué entendemos cuando se habla de multiculturalidad en el aula en la cual todos los actores supuestamente pertenecen a una misma cultura nacional. En el presente trabajo se tiene en cuenta la enseñanza de una lengua extranjera en la Argentina

El concepto de competencia comunicativa/ socio cultural en el proceso de adquisición de lenguas extranjeras

El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar acerca de lo que se entendió y e entiende por competencia comunicativa/ sociolinguistica o cultural en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras. A lo largo del siglo XX el término fue cobrando nuevas dimensiones recibiendo aportes tanto de la antropología como de la lingüística y la sociología y el desplazamiento de "lo local a lo global" también tiene un correlato en lo pedagógico generando interrogantes en torno a dónde nos concentrarnos como docentes cuando hablamos de competencia comunicativa intercultural, o qué entendemos cuando se habla de multiculturalidad en el aula en la cual todos los actores supuestamente pertenecen a una misma cultura nacional. En el presente trabajo se tiene en cuenta la enseñanza de una lengua extranjera en la Argentina

ABSTINENCE AND ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AMONG STUDENTS: THE INFLUENCE OF PERSONAL, FAMILY AND SOCIO-CULTURAL SPHERES

Introduction: Among young people, regular or alcohol abuse seems to ally with individual factors, which congregate to other generators behaviors health risk, in social environment, including family and school. The consumption of alcoholic beverages in the younger age groups, according to the World Development Report goes beyond 60%. In the Portuguese case, the Alentejo is the region that recorded higher consumption among schoolchildren. Objectives: This study aims to know the personal inluences of family, of belonging to the group and the school environment, on the withdrawal and consumption habits among young people. Methods: A qualitative nature of research, using comprehensive semi-structured interviews. The study was developed in a school district of Evora, Portugal. The sample consists of ten students from the 8th school grade, ive non-consumers-ive consumers aged between 13 and 15 years old. Results: The trial takes place between 12 and 14 years old as a result of curiosity, explicit or tacit motivation, “give style”, the environment, entertainment and observing behavior. Among the effects of intake indicated as motivators consumption highlight the joy of reaching states and willingness. Family members tend to encourage moderate drinking on festive occasions. family models exaggerated consumption repudiate ingestion. The elements of the group of belonging tend to motivate explicitly, the intake among consumers students. The school promotes initiatives on the theme, punctually. Conclusions: The consumption of alcohol among young people suffer the personal, family and belonging group inluences. The initiatives in school tend to have no effect.

A Constructivist perspective on EU'S democracy promotion in Turkey

The European Union, as a regional actor and an example of stability and well-being, has embraced a set of principles it has stood for and which constitute its own identity. The diffusion of these values among third countries is one of the objectives of EU’s External Policy. Democracy can be found among the principles that are sought to be exported through comprehensive and complex strategies within different frameworks, such as neighbourhood relations, trade partnerships and the accession process. Focusing on the latter, candidates are object of an intensive process of Europeanisation that operates through different mechanisms like socialisation and conditionality. Turkey, on the other side, has decided to apply for full membership several decades ago and, ever since, it has been pressured to Europeanise, which includes improving its unstable democracy. This case, however, is different from all other previous enlargements; for its special socio-cultural and civilisational features, Turkey constitutes a more complex novelty for the European Union. Therefore, this thesis aims to study the influence of the European Union on the democratisation process of Turkey, focusing on the period ranging between 1999, the year the European Council recognised Turkey’s candidacy status, and 2009 that marks the 10-year period of that condition. It is the intention of this project to assess the impact of the European Union at that level through the study of the democratic evolution of the country and its co-relation with other variables related to the presence or pressure of the EU. As this is a challenging objective, it will require a deep reflection upon central concepts like democracy and democratic consolidation, and a diversified use of methodological techniques, such as statistical analysis and mathematical co-relations, historical analysis, literature review and in-depth interviews. This study will privilege a Constructivist approach, emphasising the social construction of reality and the role of the ideational aspects – identity, perceptions and the broader socio-cultural dimension – in Turkey-EU relations.

Syndrome métabolique, diabète sucré et vulnérabilité: une approche "syndémique" de la maladie chronique [Metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus and vulnerability: a syndemic approach of chronic diseases].

The pandemic metabolic syndrome is generally attributed to our lifestyle. The current therapeutic strategies are centered on the behavioral changes and pharmacotherapy. A deeply analysis reveals the importance of the socio-cultural determinants with a "dose-responses effect according to the socio-economic level. The "syndemic" theory, which puts at the same level the socio-cultural environment, the behaviors and biomedecine, suggests a more holistic approach. This theory suggests introducing other partners of care, such cultural-mediators and welfare workers trained in the care, to have finally an approach centered on the roots of the causes. The healthcare networks centered on the management of the costs of health should not forget the socio-cultural dimension, unless wanting to select the good cases.

Empresários brasileiros em Cambridge e East Boston

Este trabalho tem como objeto de estudo as pequenas empresas criadas pelos brasileiros que emigraram para Boston a partir de meados da década de 80. Foi feito um levantamento e uma caracterização sócioeconomica tanto das firmas como de seus proprietários. A pesquisa incorporou ainda dois outros aspectos: a articulação local em torno da criação de uma Câmara de Comércio Exterior em Boston e as classificações sobre raça e etnicidade dos proprietários.

Empresários brasileiros em Boston

O trabalho teve como objeto de estudo as pequenas empresas criadas pelos brasileiros que emigraram para Boston a partir de meados da década de 80. Foi feito um levantamento e uma caracterização das firmas, assim como de seus proprietários. Entretanto, o foco da análise incorporou outras dimensões, e não apenas aquelas de caráter econômico/empresarial. Ou seja, também foi analisada a dimensão sócio-cultural do papel desempenhado por estas empresas e que, do ponto de vista conceitual, caracteriza a chamada "economia étnica" organizada pelos grupos imigrantes daquele país.

A dimensão sociocultural da reforma psiquiátrica: articulando redes para a consolidação da estratégia de atenção psicossocial

This thesis aims to discuss on articulations that have been produced on the socio-cultural field in the Psychiatric Reform process and its pertinence to the streghtening of Psychosocial Care Strategy (EAPS) in Fortaleza/CE. Such interest has been justified by the need to promote not only the production of these networks, but also interfaces to enable strategies of support and sociability from the perspective of deinstitutionalization of madness. We were inspired by the cartography perspective of Deleuze e Guattari, and determined as objectives: 1) to discuss the complexity of Psychiatric Reform process and analyze the EAPS as a model for the current Mental Health policy in the country; 2) to map socio-cultural strategies connected to the CAPS network in the city, investigating experiences that already exist or may be constituted as everyday social support networks; 3) from that mapping to start, define and discuss some aspects that converge to the accomplishment for this new mental health paradigm, drawing a cartography of the issues and movements in progress. The mapping was carried out in 2009 and consisted of semi-structured interviews with the coordinators of the 14 existent CAPS and with some people connected to the Coordination of Mental Health. Besides, during the whole development of the study, we have taken part in public events that brought us clues on the connection between mental health and culture. From the survey produced, we defined three vectors for discussion (Art, Labour and Partnership with Social Movements) which have been highlighted as effective possibilities of intervention in the socio-cultural field of Psychiatric Reform in Fortaleza and reveal important paths on the fulfillment process of a new pattern of care. For each of these axes, we chose a field of empirical research (Projeto Arte e Saúde, COOPCAPS e MSMCBJ) in which we could better understand their strengths and difficulties, starting from open interviews with some of their actors and the production of a diary of sensations in 2010. We have seen that they are articulated with the proposal of EAPS, being part of the concerns to the National Mental Health Policy and also the municipal administration. However, we have noticed to be necessary to promote those dimensions further, focusing on its complexity at the macro and micro policies, with the purpose of leading the Psychiatric Reform process

Projeto Banda Lokonaboa: criando um acorde entre arte, loucura e reforma psiquiátrica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise dos elementos da cultura informacional para a construção de diretrizes no contexto da inteligência competitiva

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - FFC

Influence of socio-economic and cultural factors in rice varietal diversity management on-farm in Nepal

A questionnaire survey of 408 households explored the role of socio-economic and cultural factors in rice (Oryza sativa L.) varietal diversity management on-farm in two contrasting eco-sites in Nepal. Multiple regression outputs suggest that number of parcels of land, livestock number, number of rice ecosystems, agro-ecology (altitude), and use of chemical fertilizer have a significant positive influence on landrace diversity on-farm, while membership in farmers' groups linked to extension services has significant but negative influence on landrace diversity. Factors with significant positive influence on diversity of modern varieties on-farm were number of parcels of land and of rice ecosystems, access to irrigation, membership in farmers' groups, and use of insecticide. Within communities, resource-endowed households maintain significantly higher varietal diversity on-farm than resource-poor households and play a significant role in conserving landraces that are vulnerable to genetic erosion and those with socio-cultural and market-preferred traits. Resource-poor households also contribute to local diversity conservation but at lower richness and area coverage levels than resource-endowed households. Households where a female had assumed the role of head of household due to death or migrant work of her husband had less diversity due to lower labor availability. Landraces with socio-cultural and market-preferred traits are few in number but have potential to be conserved on-farm.

Imagens da escola como mediadoras do processo formativo dos jovens no ensino da arte: diálogos com a história, memória e ambientes intraescolares

Esta pesquisa apresenta as imagens da escola como mediadoras do processo formativo dos jovens no ensino da Arte em diálogo com a história, memória e ambientes intraescolares. Inscreve-se no debate produzido pela linha de pesquisa em Educação e Linguagens. Analisa a formação dos jovens numa turma do terceiro ano do Ensino Médio na Escola Estadual de Ensino Médio “Hunney Everest Piovesan”, localizada no município de Cariacica no Estado do Espírito Santo. O estudo foi realizado em 2013 e tem como objetivo analisar as imagens escolares como mediadoras na formação dos estudantes do Ensino Médio no ensino da Arte em diálogo com a história, memória e ambientes intraescolares. Ao mesmo tempo, por meio de trabalho colaborativo, contribui para (re)construção da história da instituição, significando-a junto aos alunos e comunidade escolar. Por meio de intervenção artística com imagens da escola propõe reflexão crítica, analisando a formação dos jovens no terceiro ano do Ensino Médio. Para compreender os conceitos de mediação e meio social, estabelece um diálogo com as obras de Lev Semenovith Vigotski. A partir dos estudos de Maria Ciavatta e Schütz–Foerste procura entender a mediação imagética e sua dimensão educativa. Dialoga ainda com Frago, Escolano e Buffa, ampliando as reflexões sobre os ambientes intraescolares, dimensionando a imagética desses espaços e o senso de pertencimento à escola a partir da impregnação pela história e memória. A investigação pauta-se nos referenciais do método qualitativo e colaborativo de pesquisa. A produção dos dados contou com o recolhimento e análise documental de um conjunto de fontes primárias e secundárias formadas por livro de registro de funcionários da escola da década de 1970, diários de classe, recortes de jornais, convites de formaturas e registros fotográficos escolares dessa mesma década até a atualidade. Além desses documentos históricos, foram analisadas entrevistas de antigos alunos e questionários dos alunos do terceiro ano do Ensino Médio da instituição. Relata brevemente experiências de curto intercâmbio acadêmico realizado na Universidade de Ancara, na Turquia, com o objetivo de ampliar os horizontes de referência sociocultural, em especial com o contexto educacional do Ensino Médio euroasiático, identificando os espaços de formação dos jovens no contexto turco e suas relações com a educação brasileira. Esta experiência apresentada não integra a análise desta dissertação, mas projeta a discussão para novos estudos. A análise se elabora a partir da triangulação, entre outros, do referencial teórico com o processo de intervenção, produção de dados e no debate acadêmico em diferentes contextos. A partir da caminhada acadêmica permeada pela história e memória, inferimos que as imagens escolares medeiam o processo formativo dos jovens do terceiro ano do Ensino Médio no ensino da Arte. Contribuem para o cultivo da memória escolar, enquanto presença impregnada pela história da instituição, por meio da imagética dos seus ambientes intraescolares. Constatamos ainda que as imagens colaboram para o (re)conhecimento por parte desses sujeitos do seu papel ativo, autônomo e transformador da realidade escolar na qual estão inseridos.

Eastwards / westwards: which direction for gender studies in the 21st century?

Eastwards / Westwards: Which Direction for Gender Studies in the XXIst Century? is a collection of essays which focus on themes and methods that characterize current research into gender in Asian countries in general. In this collection, ideas derived from Gender Studies elsewhere in the world have been subjected to scrutiny for their utility in helping to describe and understand regional phenomena. But the concepts of Local and Global – with their discoursive productions – have not functioned as a binary opposition: localism and globalism are mutually constitutive and researchers have interrogated those spaces of interaction between the ‘self’ and the ‘other’, bearing in mind their own embeddedness in social and cultural structures and their own historical memory. Contributors to this collection provided a critical transnational perspective on some of the complex effects of the dynamics of cultural globalization, by exploring the relation between gender and development, language, historiography, education and culture. We have also given attention to the ideological and rhetorical processes through which gender identity is constructed, by comparing textual grids and patterns of expectation. Likewise, we have discussed the role of ethnography, anthropology, historiography, sociology, fiction, popular culture and colonial and post-colonial sources in (re)inventing old/new male/female identities, their conversion into concepts and circulation through time and space. This multicultural and trans-disciplinary selection of essays is totally written in English, fully edited and revised, therefore, it has a good potential for an immediate international circulation. This project may trace new paths and issues for discussion on what concerns the life, practices and narratives by and about women in Asia, as well as elsewhere in the present day global experience. Academic readership: Researchers, scholars, educators, graduate and post-graduate students, doctoral students and general non-fiction readers, with a special interest in Gender Studies, Asia, Colonial and Post-Colonial Literature, Anthropology, Cultural Studies, History, Historiography, Politics, Race, Feminism, Language, Linguistics, Power, Political and Feminist Agendas, Popular Culture, Education, Women’s Writing, Religion, Multiculturalism, Globalisation, Migration. Chapter summary: 1. “Social Gender Stereotypes and their Implication in Hindi”, Anjali Pande, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. This essay looks at the subtle ways in which gender identities are constructed and reinforced in India through social norms of language use. Language itself becomes a medium for perpetuating gender stereotypes, forcing its speakers to confirm to socially defined gender roles. Using examples from a classroom discussion about a film, this essay will highlight the underlying rigid male-female stereotypes in Indian society with their more obvious expressions in language. For the urban woman in India globalisation meant increased economic equality and exposure to changed lifestyles. On an individual level it also meant redefining gender relations and changing the hierarchy in man-­woman relationships. With the economic independence there is a heightened sense of liberation in all spheres of social life, a confidence to fuzz the rigid boundaries of gender roles. With the new films and media celebrating this liberated woman, who is ready to assert her sexual needs, who is ready to explode those long held notions of morality, one would expect that the changes are not just superficial. But as it soon became obvious in the course of a classroom discussion about relationships and stereotypes related to age, the surface changes can not become part of the common vocabulary, for the obvious reason that there is still a vast gap between the screen image of this new woman and the ground reality. Social considerations define the limits of this assertiveness of women, whereas men are happy to be liberal within the larger frame of social sanctions. The educated urban woman in India speaks in favour of change and the educated urban male supports her, but one just needs to scratch the surface to see the time tested formulae of gender roles firmly in place. The way the urban woman happily balances this emerging promise of independence with her gendered social identity, makes it necessary to rethink some aspects of looking at gender in a gradually changing, traditional society like India. 2. “The Linguistic Dimension of Gender Equality”, Alissa Tolstokorova, Kiev Centre for Gender Information and Education, Ukraine. The subject-matter of this essay is gender justice in language which, as I argue, may be achieved through the development of a gender-related approach to linguistic human rights. The last decades of the 20th century, globally marked by a “gender shift” in attitudes to language policy, gave impetus to the social movement for promoting linguistic gender equality. It was initiated in Western Europe and nowadays is moving eastwards, as ideas of gender democracy progress into developing countries. But, while in western societies gender discrimination through language, or linguistic sexism, was an issue of concern for over three decades, in developing countries efforts to promote gender justice in language are only in their infancy. My argument is that to promote gender justice in language internationally it is necessary to acknowledge the rights of women and men to equal representation of their gender in language and speech and, therefore, raise a question of linguistic rights of the sexes. My understanding is that the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Linguistic Rights in 1996 provided this opportunity to address the problem of gender justice in language as a human rights issue, specifically as a gender dimension of linguistic human rights. 3. “The Rebirth of an Old Language: Issues of Gender Equality in Kazakhstan”, Maria Helena Guimarães, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal. The existing language situation in Kazakhstan, while peaceful, is not without some tension. We propose to analyze here some questions we consider relevant in the frame of cultural globalization and gender equality, such as: free from Russian imperialism, could Kazakhstan become an easy prey of Turkey’s “imperialist dream”? Could these traditionally Muslim people be soon facing the end of religious tolerance and gender equality, becoming this new old language an easy instrument for the infiltration in the country of fundamentalism (it has already crossed the boarders of Uzbekistan), leading to a gradual deterioration of its rich multicultural relations? The present structure of the language is still very fragile: there are three main dialects and many academics defend the re-introduction of the Latin alphabet, thus enlarging the possibility of cultural “contamination” by making the transmission of fundamentalist ideas still easier through neighbour countries like Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan (their languages belong to the same sub-group of Common Turkic), where the Latin alphabet is already in use, and where the ground for such ideas shown itself very fruitful. 4. “Construction of Womanhood in the Bengali Language of Bangladesh”, Raasheed Mahmood; University of New South Wales, Sydney. The present essay attempts to explore the role of gender-based language differences and of certain markers that reveal the status accorded to women in Bangladesh. Discrimination against women, in its various forms, is endemic in communities and countries around the world, cutting across class, race, age, and religious and national boundaries. One cannot understand the problems of gender discrimination solely by referring to the relationship of power or authority between men and women. Rather one needs to consider the problem by relating it to the specific social formation in which the image of masculinity and femininity is constructed and reconstructed. Following such line of reasoning this essay will examine the nature of gender bias in the Bengali language of Bangladesh, holding the conviction that as a product of social reality language reflects the socio-cultural behaviour of the community who speaks it. This essay will also attempt to shed some light on the processes through which gender based language differences produce actual consequences for women, who become exposed to low self-esteem, depression and systematic exclusion from public discourse. 5. “Marriage in China as an expression of a changing society”, Elisabetta Rosado David, University of Porto, Portugal, and Università Ca’Foscari, Venezia, Italy. In 29 April 2001, the new Marriage Law was promulgated in China. The first law on marriage was proclaimed in 1950 with the objective of freeing women from the feudal matrimonial system. With the second law, in 1981, values and conditions that had been distorted by the Cultural Revolution were recovered. Twenty years later, a new reform was started, intending to update marriage in the view of the social and cultural changes that occurred with Deng Xiaoping’s “open policy”. But the legal reform is only the starting point for this case-study. The rituals that are followed in the wedding ceremony are often hard to understand and very difficult to standardize, especially because China is a vast country, densely populated and characterized by several ethnic minorities. Two key words emerge from this issue: syncretism and continuity. On this basis, we can understand tradition in a better way, and analyse whether or not marriage, as every social manifestation, has evolved in harmony with Chinese culture. 6. “The Other Woman in the Portuguese Colonial Empire: The Case of Portuguese India”, Maria de Deus Manso, University of Évora, Portugal. This essay researches the social, cultural and symbolic history of local women in the Portuguese Indian colonial enclaves. The normative Portuguese overseas history has not paid any attention to the “indigenous” female populations in colonial Portuguese territories, albeit the large social importance of these social segments largely used in matrimonial and even catholic missionary strategies. The first attempt to open fresh windows in the history of this new field was the publication of Charles Boxer’s referential study about Women in lberian Overseas Expansion, edited in Portugal only after the Revolution of 1975. After this research we can only quote some other fragmentary efforts. In fact, research about the social, cultural, religious, political and symbolic situation of women in the Portuguese colonial territories, from the XVI to the XX century, is still a minor historiographic field. In this essay we discuss this problem and we study colonial representations of women in the Portuguese Indian enclaves, mainly in the territory of Goa, using case studies methodologies. 7. “Heading East this Time: Critical Readings on Gender in Southeast Asia”, Clara Sarmento, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal. This essay intends to discuss some critical readings of fictional and theoretical texts on gender condition in Southeast Asian countries. Nowadays, many texts about women in Southeast Asia apply concepts of power in unusual areas. Traditional forms of gender hegemony have been replaced by other powerful, if somewhat more covert, forms. We will discuss some universal values concerning conventional female roles as well as the strategies used to recognize women in political fields traditionally characterized by male dominance. Female empowerment will mean different things at different times in history, as a result of culture, local geography and individual circumstances. Empowerment needs to be perceived as an individual attitude, but it also has to be facilitated at the macro­level by society and the State. Gender is very much at the heart of all these dynamics, strongly related to specificities of historical, cultural, ethnic and class situatedness, requiring an interdisciplinary transnational approach.

Dispondo de si : autonomia, género e envelhecimento nos quotidianos de saúde

Esta tese de doutoramento tem como objectivo geral compreender as experiências de autonomia individual na actual geração de adultos mais velhos, enquadrados pelas construções identitárias de género e assumindo como plataforma de observação as vivências quotidianas de saúde. Para tanto, justifica-se a centralidade do valor da autonomia individual na contemporaneidade, para depois se problematizar o conceito a partir de uma perspectiva feminista, com base na conceptualização proposta por este corpo teórico. O feminismo propõe a adopção do conceito de autonomia relacional, que ao reconhecer a natureza social do self e das identidades, é capaz de proporcionar uma leitura crítica e contextualizada da autonomia de cada sujeito, por integrar não só as especificidades, estímulos, oportunidades e contingências de um tempo e de um espaço social, como também o poder resolutivo, transformador e de resistência da agência individual. A vivência da velhice constitui, cada vez mais, um exercício de individualidade. No envelhecer, a vivência da saúde ganha especiais contornos. Não só porque o cuidar de si se tornou um aspecto biográfico de progressiva acentuação, como também por ser este um tempo da vida em que os dilemas, inquietações e exigências com o corpo se acentuam. A individualização dos trajectos biográficos que nas sociedades contemporâneas surge com cada vez maior expressão sugere a importância do estudo das diferentes ecologias sociais, com base na precisão e no detalhe. A tese adoptou uma estratégia metodológica de estudos de casos, concretizada num estudo de caso múltiplo, de tipo qualitativo. Os sentidos conferidos às experiências da autonomia individual pela actual geração de adultos mais velhos, nos seus quotidianos de saúde, mobilizam e matizam diferentes modelos culturais, iluminando a ideia de uma transição sociocultural que abandona parcialmente certos aspectos, mas que mantém tantos outros. No envelhecer, a vivência da autonomia individual é mediatizada por diferentes performatividades femininas e masculinas, tendo sido três os espaços principais de expressão social da autonomia, resultantes do seu cruzamento com o género, enquanto dimensão de análise principal. Tem-se que estas diferenças entre espaços factoriais vêm demonstrar o hibridismo dos posicionamentos resultante da crescente individualidade das trajectórias de vida. Face à saúde, a capacidade de adaptação e de auto-gestão mais positivos relacionam-se, face às mulheres, com a expressão singular de uma maior individualidade e, face aos homens, com o valor social conferido a diferentes masculinidades.