Relatório de estágio de qualificação profissional (educação pré-escolar)

Relatório EPE - Relatório de estágio em Educação Pré-Escolar: O presente relatório de estágio de qualificação profissional foi desenvolvido no âmbito da unidade curricular de Prática Pedagógica Supervisionada, integrada no Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Este trabalho foi reflexo de um percurso de formação profissional, pautado por uma constante análise reflexiva, realizado em contexto de educação pré-escolar. Os conteúdos abordados nas aulas desta unidade curricular bem como o estágio desenvolvido, permitiram ter um conhecimento mais aprofundado deste contexto e desenvolver e construir saberes profissionais adequados a este nível de ensino. Assim, este relatório evidencia as competências desenvolvidas pela estagiária, nomeadamente: a mobilização de saberes adquiridos nas diversas unidades curriculares do curso; o saber pensar e agir nos contextos educativos; a atitude profissional reflexiva e investigativa; a problematização das exigências inerentes à prática profissional; e a coconstrução de saberes profissionais e a cooperação entre diferentes intervenientes do contexto educativo (adaptado Ribeiro, 2013). O caminho percorrido pela mestranda teve por base a metodologia de investigação-ação: observação, planificação, ação e reflexão. Estas etapas foram fundamentais para a construção de planificações, que fossem ao encontro das exigências da realidade e das necessidades e interesses evidenciadas pelo grupo. As reflexões críticas realizadas com o par, com a educadora cooperante e com o supervisor revelaram-se fundamentais, pois permitiu desenvolver competências essenciais para a futura profissão.

Perceção dos cuidadores informais sobre o planeamento da alta

Enquadramento: Conhecer a perceção que os cuidadores informais possuem sobre o planeamento da alta dos idosos internados, permite que os enfermeiros conheçam as reais necessidades do cuidador e do idoso, contribuindo assim, para a diminuição da ansiedade, prevenção de complicações e consequentemente uma maior satisfação pelos cuidados recebidos. Objetivos: Conhecer a perceção dos cuidadores informais sobre o planeamento da alta hospitalar do idoso, e analisar associações entre as variáveis sociodemográficas, profissionais, familiares, clínicas e psicossociais e a referida perceção. Métodos/ Procedimentos: Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e correlacional, utilizando uma amostra não probabilística por conveniência, constituída por 41 cuidadores informais de idosos internados no serviço de Medicina 1 do Centro Hospitalar do Algarve – Unidade de Faro. Recorreu-se ao questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica, profissional, familiar e clínica, bem como a utilização do Índice de Barthel, questionário de Planeamento da Alta (PREPARED) e a escala de Ansiedade e Depressão Hospitalar (HADS). Resultados: Dos 41 cuidadores informais,73,17 % são do género feminino, 78% são casados/ união de fato, 39,0% mantêm-se ativos profissionalmente a tempo inteiro e em 51,2% são filhos do idoso, que apresentam uma média de idade de 78,78 anos. A maioria (82,9%) reside na mesma habitação que o idoso, sendo cuidadores informais há menos de 3 meses (58,5%). Os cuidadores apresentam um nível de ansiedade leve a moderada, sendo superior para o género feminino, embora não se verificasse diferenças estatisticamente significativas. Relativamente à perceção dos cuidadores relacionados com o planeamento da alta, a maioria privilegia as informações relacionadas como conseguir fazer as AVD, afirmando que se sentem preparados para regressar a casa, contudo a maioria não sente confiança para executar as tarefas diárias no domicílio. Constatou-se que a presença de apoio da rede formal influencia significativamente a perceção do planeamento da alta (p< 0,05), sendo que o género, agregado familiar e grau de dependência, embora de forma parcial (apenas para um indicador) também são preditivas da perceção. Conclusões: Apesar do número reduzido da amostra, os resultados obtidos evidenciam a relevância de organização dos cuidados face à satisfação das necessidades dos idosos e seus cuidadores em cuidados de saúde, no que dizem respeito ao planeamento da alta, como busca da qualidade. Palavras-chave: perceção do planeamento da alta, cuidadores informais, idosos.

Desarrollo de un sistema constructivo para su aplicación en vivienda social en sectores marginales de la ciudad de Cuenca

Las alternativas de vivienda en la ciudad de Cuenca evi¬dencian su preferencia hacia ciertos grupos sociales, es de¬cir no existen planes de vivienda dirigidos a los sectores marginales de la ciudad. Es necesario que se implementen alternativas coherentes en la parte de diseño así como en su construcción. Las viviendas se deben construir en menor tiempo, deben suplir las necesidades reales de las personas y los planes de financiamiento deben ir acorde a los ingre¬sos de los usuarios. El primer paso a tener en cuenta es, realizar un diagnóstico y localizar los sectores de la ciudad que presenten deficien¬cias en su diseño y construcción, el resultado a las dife¬rentes variables analizadas será para desarrollar un núcleo básico de vivienda con su respectivo sistema constructivo. El núcleo básico de vivienda debe ser flexible y progre¬sivo, para que pueda suplir las necesidades reales de las personas, además de esto para su análisis constructivo se utilizara alternativas de sistemas constructivos que puedan generar comparaciones reales en costo y tiempos de ejecución en obra.

Articulação saúde-escola: a intervenção em contexto comunitário

As perturbações psiquiátricas e os problemas de saúde mental infantojuvenil têm vindo a merecer especial atenção por parte da comunidade científica, não só pelo facto de se estimar que 10 a 20% das crianças apresentem um ou mais problemas de saúde mental, não só por estes valores terem tendência a aumentar, mas também pelo impacto humano e financeiro que acarretam para a sociedade. Em Portugal, o Plano Nacional da Saúde Mental 2007-2016 é categórico ao afirmar a necessidade de promover a saúde mental infantojuvenil junto da população e ao salientar a importância do envolvimento e articulação com outras estruturas comunitárias ligadas à saúde, educação e direito de menores. Este trabalho vai de encontro a estas linhas de orientação, na medida em que procura identificar, desenvolver e implementar diversos aspetos inerentes à vertente comunitária da saúde mental infantojuvenil. Numa primeira fase é realizado um levantamento das reais necessidades da população infantojuvenil do concelho de Odemira e é definida uma rede de articulação entre os serviços de saúde, escolas e outras entidades locais com competência nesta área. De forma a melhorar a prestação dos cuidados e a garantir respostas adequadas às necessidades identificadas, também se procurou o individual desenvolvimento de competências especializadas na área da saúde mental infantojuvenil. Por último, atendendo à importância da implementação atempada de medidas preventivas de determinados fenómenos psicopatológicos, procurou-se treinar e desenvolver a capacidade de sensibilização e reforço de competências de uma bolsa populacional específica: a comunidade escolar. De um modo geral, os resultados obtidos demonstram aplicabilidade na prática clínica dos cuidados, contribuindo para a melhoria dos mesmos. Algumas das estratégias utilizadas constituem-se como ponto de partida para projetos futuros, podendo ser replicadas e adequadas a outros contextos de intervenção; ABSTRACT: LINK HEALTH-SCHOOL: the intervention in the community context Psychiatric disorders and problems of youth mental health have been given special attention by the scientific community, not only because it is estimated that 10-20% of children present one or more mental health problems, not only because these values have tendency to increase, but also the human and financial impact to society. In Portugal, the Mental Health National Plan 2007-2016 is emphatic in affirming the need to promote the mental youth health within the population and to emphasize the importance of the involvement and coordination with other community entities related to health, education and minors rights. This paper follows these guidelines, it tries to identify, develop and implement various aspects related to the Community part of youth health. In the first phase is carried out a survey of the real needs of youth population of the Odemira County and defined a network between health services, schools and other local organizations with expertise in this area. In order to improve the delivery of health care and ensure appropriate responses to the identified needs, also sought the individual development of expertise in the area of youth mental health. Finally, given the value of timely implementation of preventive measures of certain psychopathological phenomena, it sought to train and develop the awareness and skills improvement of a specific population: the school community. In general, the results prove the applicability of the procedures in clinical practice, contributing to a practice improvement. Some of the strategies used are the Foundation for future projects, they can be replicated and adapted to other contexts of intervention.

Towards modern municipal sports and recreation management in Costa Rica

Sports and recreation management is addressed here using a model that combines the policies and methodologies applied in the Costa Rican context as a result of a concern to identify the real needs in the sports, recreation, and health promotion fields through the different manifestations of human movement.  This approach has been developed during eight years of work in the Costa Rican Sports and Recreation Institute (Instituto Costarricense del Deporte y la Recreación-ICODER) together with different Costa Rican communities, both rural and urban, and local organizations, such as Comprehensive Development Community Associations, Sports and Recreation Community Boards (CCDR), Municipal Mayorships, and NGOs, among others.  This article particularly takes into consideration the experience of the CCDRs as entities that have been given the responsibility by the Costa Rican Government to promote and manage municipal sports and recreation services with a convenient offering that would meet the needs of users or customers.  In this way, this article is aimed at answering the question on how Boards should conduct an efficient management in a way that they also meet the needs of public users or customers in the municipalities of the country, by proposing a management model that serves as an additional instrument to improving the already existing services managed by the aforementioned entities.  This study presents a model of Costa Rican management structured with the theoretical elements that currently define the organization and planning of sports and recreation as a service.

Health Problems of Institutionalized Elderly

Introduction: human aging is marked by a decrease in the performance of some daily tasks, some even considered banal and imperceptibly when this limitation is followed by chronic diseases, the elderly becomes a source of concern for the family. Objective: identifying the health problems of the elderly living in long-stay institutions from self-reported diseases. This is a descriptive and quantitative study, conducted in northeastern Brazil capital, involving 138 elderly. For data collection we used a questionnaire containing demographic variables, institutional and related to self-reported health problems. Data were evaluated using bivariate analysis and association chi-square. Results: predominance of women was found (61.6%), aged 60-69 years old (39.1%), coming from the state capital (51.4%), and institutional permanence time between 1-5 years (77.5%). The most frequent diseases were related to the cardiovascular system (15.9%) and endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (9.4%). It showed a significant association between self-reported diseases and the age of the elderly (p=0.047). Conclusion: it is expected to raise awareness among health professionals to provide a better assistance to the institutionalized elderly focusing on the real needs of these persons.

Real estate research needs of the plan sponsor community:what do the plan sponsor real estate investment managers want to know?

This article reports the results of a web-based survey of real estate portfolio managers in the pension fund industry. The study focused on ascertaining the real estate research interests of the respondents as well as whether or not research funding should be allocated to various research topics. Performance measures of real estate assets and portfolios, microeconomic factors affecting real estate and the role of real estate in a mixed-asset portfolio were the top three real estate research interests. There was some variation by the type and size of fund providing evidence that segmentation is important within the money management industry. Respondents were also queried on more focused research subtopics and additional questions in the survey focused on satisfaction with existing real estate benchmarks, and perceptions of the usefulness of published research. Findings should be used to guide research practitioners and academics as to the most important research interests of plan sponsor real estate investment managers.

Real teams or pseudo teams? The changing landscape needs a better map

Commentary on focal article by Tannenbaum et al., Teams are changing: Are research and practice evolving fast enough?

Addressing the needs of struggling literacy learners

Think back to your teaching experiences over the past four years. Were there a number of children or adolescents in your classes who seemed to have learning difficulties? What area of their learning seemed to be of greatest concern for these students? Did most of these struggling learners have difficulty with reading? Was expressing their thoughts in writing also a challenge? Did some of these students also have difficulty in listening to and following directions? And did some of these students seem hesitant when asked to speak to the class?

Nurturing Needs: Literacy Achievement for Refugee students

Yeronga State School, located 7 km from the city in Brisbane, Queensland, opened in 1871. YSS caters for a middle class inner-suburban community, however, from the mid 1990s enrolments brought new forms of socio-economic, cultural and linguistic diversity. Initially, ESL students were enrolled due to their immigrant parents enrolling in the neighbouring TAFE. Then refugee families from Bosnia and the Middle East became part of the YSS community. In recent years, refugee numbers have accounted for up to 23% of the school population. Many of these new arrivals left behind families in war-torn circumstances, were orphaned or came to live with unknown relatives. Some family members were victims of torture which may have been witnessed by the children. Trauma for some or all family members was a very real concern. Others were born in refugee camps, where food was scarce, belongings needed to be guarded and safety was never guaranteed.

Markov modelling of the IEEE 802.11 DCF for real-time applications with periodic traffic

Popular wireless network standards, such as IEEE 802.11/15/16, are increasingly adopted in real-time control systems. However, they are not designed for real-time applications. Therefore, the performance of such wireless networks needs to be carefully evaluated before the systems are implemented and deployed. While efforts have been made to model general wireless networks with completely random traffic generation, there is a lack of theoretical investigations into the modelling of wireless networks with periodic real-time traffic. Considering the widely used IEEE 802.11 standard, with the focus on its distributed coordination function (DCF), for soft-real-time control applications, this paper develops an analytical Markov model to quantitatively evaluate the network quality-of-service (QoS) performance in periodic real-time traffic environments. Performance indices to be evaluated include throughput capacity, transmission delay and packet loss ratio, which are crucial for real-time QoS guarantee in real-time control applications. They are derived under the critical real-time traffic condition, which is formally defined in this paper to characterize the marginal satisfaction of real-time performance constraints.

Globalisation and corporate real estate strategies

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of globalisation on corporate real estate strategies. Specifically, it seeks to identify corporate real estate capabilities that are important in a hypercompetitive business climate. ---------- Design/methodology/approach: This paper utilises a qualitative approach to analyse secondary data in order to identify the corporate real estate capabilities for a hypercompetitive business environment. ---------- Findings: Globalisation today is an undeniable phenomenon that is fundamentally changing the way business is conducted. In the light of global hypercompetition, corporate real estate needs to develop new capabilities to support global business strategies. These include flexibility, network organization and managerial learning capabilities. ---------- Research limitations/implications: This is a conceptual paper and future empirical research needs to be conducted to verify the propositions made in this paper. ---------- Practical implications: Given the new level of uncertainty in the business climate, that is, hypercompetition, businesses need to develop dynamic capabilities that are harder for competitors to imitate in order to maintain what is considered a “momentary” competitive advantage. The findings of this paper are useful to guide corporate real estate managers in this regard. ---------- Originality/value:– This paper is original in two ways. First, it applies the strategic management concept of capabilities to corporate real estate. Second, it links the key challenge that businesses face today, i.e. globalisation, to the concept of capabilities as a means to maintain competitive advantage.