825 resultados para Professional education Evaluation


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The present study had as goal to evaluate Rio Grande do Norte state’s medical residency programs (MRP) in Cardiology. It’s a descriptive study, including a documental analysis of the program’s accreditation processes (PAP) of cardiology’s medical residency in Rio Grande do Norte state in 2014 and the analysis of the resident’s perception about his professional education as a specialist in Cardiology. Beside the documental analysis of the PAPs, it was applied a semi-structured questionnaire with closed questions Likert style and open questions to all the current and former residents of the MRPs analyzed. Two MRPs in Cardiology were identified in Rio Grande do Norte state, one hosted in a public institution and the other in a private institution. The documental analysis showed a greater amount of preceptors with a good level of ownership on the public institution in comparison with the private one, as well as a bigger number of publications, participation in congresses and in book’s publications. The private institution presents a better Urgency’s infrastructure, with emergency room and cardiologic ICU. It IS clear that the residents are aware of how a good residency must work, as well as the strengths and fragilities of their own residences. Most of Onofre Lopes Universitary Hospital’s residents point out as a strength the organization, participation and quality of the preceptors, practice activities and scientific debates, great amount of patients and the visits and debates with the preceptors on the sickrooms. As the greatest fragilities, they emphasize the lack of a urgency service of their own and a specialized ICU. In Coração Hospital of Natal (HCor), it is listed as weak points the theoretic scheduling and the few ambulatory practices. As positive aspects, they report the preceptors, the agility on the execution of exams, a good number of serious patients and procedures. In both residences, it is seen a certain difficulty in accepting the important and mandatory items imposed by the rules of the Medical Residences’ National Committee, such as: biostatistics, bioethics, medical ethic, epidemiology and research methodology. Besides that, the residents recognize that both hospitals have a good infrastructure and technological support, especially in imaging methods. The evaluation of PRMCs identifies the strengths of each program and the aspects to be improved in both programs. It also allowed the observation of difficulties in accepting some regulations contained in the CNRM resolution by the resident, such as participation in activities such as biostatistics, epidemiology and research methodology as well as the improvement needs of specific technical training, such as in emergency care. Thus, our results make possible to develop strategies for continued improvement of PRMC in RN state. In addition, it enabled the preparation of the resident’s manual in cardiology, containing even a breakdown of resident evaluation system, which could serve as a model for other residency programs.

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In this study, we present a political evaluation of how SENAC/RN perceives PRONATEC, emphasizing all ideological principles, aims and theories that this institution reproduces and reinforces while playing this professional qualification program. We intended to reveal ideological aspects that inspire SENAC’s perception of PRONATEC, pointing the actual interests hidden by those aspects. Our starting question is: What ideologies, objectives and theories that are explicitly or implicitly reinforced by Senac in implementing PRONATEC? In the research, we consider the hypothesis that transferring the responsibility about PRONATEC from public to private institutions is something that impoverishes the professional formation process, once the program ends up subordinated to private institution’s ideological, political and economic interests. The methodological approach chosen was the single case study. As data source, we used broad literature survey, official files of PRONATEC and SENAC, official information about the program and personal interviews. At the end of the research, we present elements that show some “flexibility” on PRONATEC due to SENAC’s interests, offering a superficial professional formation, commonly dissociated from a propaedeutic education, focusing on the need of adaptation e consensus of works around a society project. In this regard, despite PRONATEC is payed by public resources, it’s been used by SENAC as a fortifier of this institution on professional education market, in an hegemonic and neoliberal construction of a model of society.

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In this study, we present a political evaluation of how SENAC/RN perceives PRONATEC, emphasizing all ideological principles, aims and theories that this institution reproduces and reinforces while playing this professional qualification program. We intended to reveal ideological aspects that inspire SENAC’s perception of PRONATEC, pointing the actual interests hidden by those aspects. Our starting question is: What ideologies, objectives and theories that are explicitly or implicitly reinforced by Senac in implementing PRONATEC? In the research, we consider the hypothesis that transferring the responsibility about PRONATEC from public to private institutions is something that impoverishes the professional formation process, once the program ends up subordinated to private institution’s ideological, political and economic interests. The methodological approach chosen was the single case study. As data source, we used broad literature survey, official files of PRONATEC and SENAC, official information about the program and personal interviews. At the end of the research, we present elements that show some “flexibility” on PRONATEC due to SENAC’s interests, offering a superficial professional formation, commonly dissociated from a propaedeutic education, focusing on the need of adaptation e consensus of works around a society project. In this regard, despite PRONATEC is payed by public resources, it’s been used by SENAC as a fortifier of this institution on professional education market, in an hegemonic and neoliberal construction of a model of society.

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L’objectif de la présente thèse est de générer des connaissances sur les contributions possibles d’une formation continue à l’évolution des perspectives et pratiques des professionnels de la santé buccodentaire. Prônant une approche centrée sur le patient, la formation vise à sensibiliser les professionnels à la pauvreté et à encourager des pratiques qui se veulent inclusives et qui tiennent compte du contexte social des patients. L’évaluation de la formation s’inscrit dans le contexte d’une recherche-action participative de développement d’outils éducatifs et de transfert des connaissances sur la pauvreté. Cette recherche-action aspire à contribuer à la lutte contre les iniquités sociales de santé et d’accès aux soins au Québec; elle reflète une préoccupation pour une plus grande justice sociale ainsi qu’une prise de position pour une santé publique critique fondée sur une « science des solutions » (Potvin, 2013). Quatre articles scientifiques, ancrés dans une philosophie constructiviste et dans les concepts et principes de l’apprentissage transformationnel (Mezirow, 1991), constituent le cœur de cette thèse. Le premier article présente une revue critique de la littérature portant sur l’enseignement de l’approche de soins centrés sur le patient. Prenant appui sur le concept d’une « épistémologie partagée », des principes éducatifs porteurs d’une transformation de perspective à l’égard de la relation professionnel-patient ont été identifiés et analysés. Le deuxième article de thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre du développement participatif d’outils de formation sur la pauvreté et illustre le processus de co-construction d’un scénario de court-métrage social réaliste portant sur la pauvreté et l’accès aux soins. L’article décrit et apporte une réflexion, notamment sur la dimension de co-formation entre les différents acteurs des milieux académique, professionnel et citoyen qui ont constitué le collectif À l’écoute les uns des autres. Nous y découvrons la force du croisement des savoirs pour générer des prises de conscience sur soi et sur ses préjugés. Les outils développés par le collectif ont été intégrés à une formation continue axée sur la réflexion critique et l’apprentissage transformationnel, et conçue pour être livrée en cabinet dentaire privé. Les deux derniers articles de thèse présentent les résultats d’une étude de cas instrumentale évaluative centrée sur cette formation continue et visant donc à répondre à l’objectif premier de cette thèse. Le premier consiste en une analyse des transformations de perspectives et d’action au sein d’une équipe de 15 professionnels dentaires ayant participé à la formation continue sur une période de trois mois. L’article décrit, entre autres, une plus grande ouverture, chez certains participants, sur les causes structurelles de la pauvreté et une plus grande sensibilité au vécu au quotidien des personnes prestataires de l’aide sociale. L’article comprend également une exploration des effets paradoxaux dans l’apprentissage, notamment le renforcement, chez certains, de perceptions négatives à l’égard des personnes prestataires de l’aide sociale. Le quatrième article fait état de barrières idéologiques contraignant la transformation des pratiques professionnelles : 1) l’identification à l’idéologie du marché privé comme véhicule d’organisation des soins; 2) l’attachement au concept d’égalité dans les pratiques, au détriment de l’équité; 3) la prédominance du modèle biomédical, contraignant l’adoption de pratiques centrées sur la personne et 4) la catégorisation sociale des personnes prestataires de l’aide sociale. L’analyse des perceptions, mais aussi de l’expérience vécue de ces barrières démontre comment des facteurs systémiques et sociaux influent sur le rapport entre professionnel dentaire et personne prestataire de l’aide sociale. Les conséquences pour la recherche, l’éducation dentaire, le transfert des connaissances, ainsi que pour la régulation professionnelle et les politiques de santé buccodentaire, sont examinées à partir de cette perspective.

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Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Paula Frassinetti para obtenção de grau Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico.

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Despite increasing interest in the development of the accountancy profession and constitutive professional bodies in ex-colonies, little is known about the development of professional accountants as individuals. Similarly, although the continuing influence of the legacies of colonialism and imperialism on the accounting professionalisation trajectory in ex-colonies has been recognised, little attempt has been made to theorise such continuing colonial intervention as a postcolonial condition of accommodation and resistance, with implications for the development of professional accountants. This thesis fills this vacuum by employing four aspects of the critical lens of postcolonial theory – local-global nexus, psycho-existential complex, postcolonial hybridity and diaspora - to gain an insight into the development of accounting professionals in ex-colonies with specific reference to Sierra Leone. Specifically, it examines the current model of accounting professionalisation adopted in Sierra Leone and implications for the development of professional accountants in the country; investigates the historical and ideological legacies of colonialism that shaped and continue to influence the professionalisation trajectory in Sierra Leone; explores the perceptions of Sierra Leonean chartered and aspiring accountants of their professional identity in terms of their professional development within Sierra Leone; and explores the lived experiences of Sierra Leonean chartered and aspiring accountants in the diaspora and the diaspora effect on accountancy in Sierra Leone. The empirical evidence presented here emanated from two sources: a web-based survey and semi-structured interviews with Sierra Leonean chartered and aspiring accountants both within and outside the country at the time of the study. The model for developing professional accountants in Sierra Leone comprises a partnership between the local professional body, ICASL, and the British-based global body, the ACCA. A postcolonial analysis of the empirical evidence reveals that an unintended consequence of this model is that the local is co-opted within the global while the global becomes increasingly localised. The analysis also shows that the presence of a perceived global body ‘inferiorises’ the local body to the point of undesirability among local chartered and aspiring accountants. Thus the partnership has to date done little by way of developing ICASL’s capacity to ensure the development of a localised profession and professionals. Instead, it produces, within the Sierra Leone accountancy space, professional hybrids that at once pose as global as well as local accountants. This has significant implications for the local profession because many of the hybrid professional accountants who could potentially drive the local profession forward end up in the diaspora, which leaves the local profession in a weaker state. Also, given the established link between a robust accountancy profession and sustainable economic development, such professional diasporisation could negatively impact on the country’s economic development. In sum, Sierra Leone has failed to establish an accounting professionalisation model that develops professional accountants (through contextualised professional education and training) that meets the specific accounting needs of its growing economy.

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Enquadramento: A amamentação nutre, protege e favorece o desenvolvimento cognitivo e a criação do vínculo afetivo entre mãe e filho. No entanto, há vários fatores que dificultam a manutenção da amamentação como os psicológicos, socioculturais, profissionais, nível de educação, ação dos profissionais de saúde entre outros. Objetivos: Determinar o perfil sociodemográfico das puérperas; identificar as dificuldades mais frequentes associadas à amamentação ao 7º e 30º dia após o nascimento; analisar a influência das variáveis sociodemográficas associadas às dificuldades na amamentação nos dois momentos de avaliação; avaliar a influência das atitudes maternas e a da vinculação pós-natal nas dificuldades associadas à amamentação nos dois momentos de avaliação. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, longitudinal em painel de curta duração, descritivo-correlacional, numa amostra não probabilística por conveniência de 255 participantes (média de idades de 30,78 anos). Utilizou-se um questionário para caracterizar sociodemograficamente e os contextos de amamentação da amostra, a escala de atitudes maternas face à amamentação (Pereira, 2004) e a escala de vinculação pós-natal (Airosa, Silva & Bachu, 2012), versão portuguesa de Gomez e Leal (2007). Este foi aplicado às participantes em dois momentos (7º e 30º dias após o nascimento do bebé). Resultados: As participantes são maioritariamente casadas, com o ensino superior, empregadas em tempo completo e residentes na cidade. Quanto às dificuldades mais frequentes associadas à amamentação nos dois momentos de avaliação do estudo (7º e 30º dia de vida do bebé) verificamos que as dificuldades sentidas ao 7º dia se mantêm no 30º, predominando as fissuras (7.º dia 41.7%; 39.3% 30.º dia), as dificuldades na pega (7.º dia 28.8%; 31.9% 30.º dia), o ingurgitamento mamário (7.º dia 16.7%; 14.8% 30.º dia). Em relação à influência das variáveis sociodemográficas nas dificuldades associadas à amamentação ao 7º e 30º dia após o nascimento, apurou-se que as diferenças são estatisticamente significativas em relação à escolaridade (p=0,000), situação profissional (p=0,034) e local de residência (0,042), sugerindo que estas variáveis têm poder explicativo sobre as dificuldades sentidas na amamentação pelas mães nos dois momentos de avaliação. Nenhuma das dimensões relativas às atitudes maternas face à amamentação e à vinculação pós-natal se assumiu preditora das dificuldades associadas à amamentação. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que os enfermeiros, especialmente no âmbito da saúde materna, obstétrica e ginecológica, estejam mais despertos para as dificuldades que as mães possam ter na amamentação sobretudo no primeiro mês, considerado o mais crítico na adaptação ao aleitamento materno, de modo a conseguirem que estas ultrapassem essas complicações, evitando assim, o abandono precoce da amamentação. Palavra-chave: Amamentação, Atitudes Maternas, Vinculação pós-natal, Dificuldades na amamentação.

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The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of rationing in medical education. Medical education is expensive and there is a limit to that which governments, funders or individuals can spend on it. Rationing involves the allocation of resources that are limited. This paper discussed the pros and cons of the application of rationing to medical education and the different forms of rationing that could be applied. Even though some stakeholders in medical education might be taken aback at the prospect of rationing, the truth is that rationing has always occurred in one form or another in medical education and in healthcare more broadly. Different types of rationing exist in healthcare professional education. For example rationing may be implicit or explicit or may be based on macro-allocation or micro-allocation decisions. Funding can be distributed equally among learners, or according to the needs of individual learners, or to ensure that overall usefulness is maximised. One final option is to allow the market to operate freely and to decide in that way. These principles of rationing can apply to individual learners or to institutions or departments or learning modes. Rationing is occurring in medical education, even though it might be implicit. It is worth giving consideration to methods of rationing and to make thinking about rationing more explicit.

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L’objectif de la présente thèse est de générer des connaissances sur les contributions possibles d’une formation continue à l’évolution des perspectives et pratiques des professionnels de la santé buccodentaire. Prônant une approche centrée sur le patient, la formation vise à sensibiliser les professionnels à la pauvreté et à encourager des pratiques qui se veulent inclusives et qui tiennent compte du contexte social des patients. L’évaluation de la formation s’inscrit dans le contexte d’une recherche-action participative de développement d’outils éducatifs et de transfert des connaissances sur la pauvreté. Cette recherche-action aspire à contribuer à la lutte contre les iniquités sociales de santé et d’accès aux soins au Québec; elle reflète une préoccupation pour une plus grande justice sociale ainsi qu’une prise de position pour une santé publique critique fondée sur une « science des solutions » (Potvin, 2013). Quatre articles scientifiques, ancrés dans une philosophie constructiviste et dans les concepts et principes de l’apprentissage transformationnel (Mezirow, 1991), constituent le cœur de cette thèse. Le premier article présente une revue critique de la littérature portant sur l’enseignement de l’approche de soins centrés sur le patient. Prenant appui sur le concept d’une « épistémologie partagée », des principes éducatifs porteurs d’une transformation de perspective à l’égard de la relation professionnel-patient ont été identifiés et analysés. Le deuxième article de thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre du développement participatif d’outils de formation sur la pauvreté et illustre le processus de co-construction d’un scénario de court-métrage social réaliste portant sur la pauvreté et l’accès aux soins. L’article décrit et apporte une réflexion, notamment sur la dimension de co-formation entre les différents acteurs des milieux académique, professionnel et citoyen qui ont constitué le collectif À l’écoute les uns des autres. Nous y découvrons la force du croisement des savoirs pour générer des prises de conscience sur soi et sur ses préjugés. Les outils développés par le collectif ont été intégrés à une formation continue axée sur la réflexion critique et l’apprentissage transformationnel, et conçue pour être livrée en cabinet dentaire privé. Les deux derniers articles de thèse présentent les résultats d’une étude de cas instrumentale évaluative centrée sur cette formation continue et visant donc à répondre à l’objectif premier de cette thèse. Le premier consiste en une analyse des transformations de perspectives et d’action au sein d’une équipe de 15 professionnels dentaires ayant participé à la formation continue sur une période de trois mois. L’article décrit, entre autres, une plus grande ouverture, chez certains participants, sur les causes structurelles de la pauvreté et une plus grande sensibilité au vécu au quotidien des personnes prestataires de l’aide sociale. L’article comprend également une exploration des effets paradoxaux dans l’apprentissage, notamment le renforcement, chez certains, de perceptions négatives à l’égard des personnes prestataires de l’aide sociale. Le quatrième article fait état de barrières idéologiques contraignant la transformation des pratiques professionnelles : 1) l’identification à l’idéologie du marché privé comme véhicule d’organisation des soins; 2) l’attachement au concept d’égalité dans les pratiques, au détriment de l’équité; 3) la prédominance du modèle biomédical, contraignant l’adoption de pratiques centrées sur la personne et 4) la catégorisation sociale des personnes prestataires de l’aide sociale. L’analyse des perceptions, mais aussi de l’expérience vécue de ces barrières démontre comment des facteurs systémiques et sociaux influent sur le rapport entre professionnel dentaire et personne prestataire de l’aide sociale. Les conséquences pour la recherche, l’éducation dentaire, le transfert des connaissances, ainsi que pour la régulation professionnelle et les politiques de santé buccodentaire, sont examinées à partir de cette perspective.

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The paper we present is part of the research project "The professional identity of teacher studies", that we are development for last 3 years. The third phase of this research put the focus on the experience of job placement of novel teachers, graduated no more than 5 years. We work with focal groups and professional experience and teacher education accounts of teachers implied in this research. Also, for any teachers, we do biographical interviews to deepen on processes of construction of professional identity. In this paper we present the Ana Belen History, a female teacher of pre-school education with an experience of 4 years in school, working in a urban school with students in risk of exclusion. This school have a educative project, commitment with the neighbourhood, joint with the community and other social groups. Ana Belen story, from professional perspective, is linked with the social politic and educational commitment of this school. Our interest is focused in the comprehension of professional identity that Ana Belen has gone forging along her personal story and how her education and job placement has contributed for it. Also we are interested in knowing how early professional experiences have influenced in her professional development as teacher. Specifically we ask ourselves about what influence have for her professional identity, that her career starts in this particular school. In consequence, this paper leads us to question the current teacher education model. In particular we are interested on the kind of professional experience that have place and, so, the kinds of commitments that enables. We understand that frameworks in which professional education and experience have place are relevant to enable more or less transformer understandings about teaching. From conceptual perspective this paper adopts a socio-critical point of view (Gergen, 1985; Kincheloe, 2001; Wenger, 1988, etc.). We understand that teaching has to be analysing according work contexts and personal stories of teachers, because we face processes historical and collective building. Teaching is the result of action of their actors, over time, and in specific stage. So, with this research we intend to break with the old gap between pre and in-service education. We think that both of them are part of the same process and are formed according similar logical; although scenes change. We understand that they are part of a continuous process in which is giving sense to different and complex settings where teaching profession is built, but they are not differenced and independent stages. The teacher work, so, is subject to particular conditions, generated from such different fields as institutional, corporative, cultural, social, political, moral, etc. It displays a kaleidoscopic view on space, time, context, ... These are the axis in which the teaching is formed, from the complexity and heterogeneity. How this complexity is articulated results in different ways to face the teacher work, according different personal and professional stories. The teacher acts with subjects in instituted contexts from relationships he has with them, which gives a situated and contingent character. But, these contexts are strongly structured and ruled according centralized and generalized positions; which is, at the very least, paradoxical. Possibly, from our point of view, same of the crisis of teaching have to explain from this paradoxical perspective and the conflict, which characterize this job (Rivas, Leite y Cortés, 2011)

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gestão Pública, Mestrado Profissional em Gestão Pública, 2016.

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Relatório final apresentado para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e em Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

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Relatório final apresentado para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e em Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

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Objetivo: Determinar diferencias en las impedancias basales registradas durante los procedimientos de denervación renal por radiofrecuencia de los pacientes sometidos a este procedimiento en la Fundación Cardioinfantil de Bogotá durante los años 2012 a 2015. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico de corte retrospectivo, donde se analizaron todas las impedancias basales medidas durante los procedimientos de denervación renal, buscando diferencias significativas entre los segmentos de las arterias intervenidas, estratificados en proximal, medio distal y superior, lateral, inferior u ostial. Con seguimiento a los pacientes a tres, seis y doce meses en cuanto a presión arterial de consultorio. Resultados: Se evaluaron 150 puntos de denervación renal exitosos, correspondientes a 23 arterias renales de 11 procedimientos. La mediana de edad fue 56 años. Al realizar un modelo de regresión lineal no se encontró ninguna diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre las impedancias de ninguno de los segmentos de las arterias ni sitios anatómicos. Se documentó disminución de presión arterial sistólica a tres meses, seis meses y doce meses de 14 mmHg (RIQ 10-33mmHg), 21 mmHg (RIQ 12-42mmHg) y 19 mmHg (RIQ 11-42 mmHg) respectivamente

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Este trabalho tem por base o relato de um ano lectivo 2009/201O de Prática de Ensino Supervisionada (PES) para a especialidade do grau de Mestre em Ensino de Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário, leccionado na Universidade de Évora e contribui para a avaliação do mesmo. O estágio foi realizado no agrupamento de Escolas n° 4 de Évora - EB 2,3 Conde de Vilalva; EB1 Jardim de Infância e Escola Secundária Gabriel Pereira, abrangendo os três ciclos de aprendizagem dando assim cumprimento à exigência curricular. Relata de forma sucinta a preparação científica, pedagógica e didáctica desde o conhecimento do currículo, do conteúdo e dos alunos. Desenvolve de forma fundamentada a planificação, condução de aulas e avaliação das aprendizagens. Faz uma análise das actividades desenvolvidas como professor de uma disciplina e como participante activo na escola e na comunidade escolar. Tenta fundamentar as estratégias, metodologias e decisões tomadas. Por último, realiza uma análise da prática de ensino. O que foi constatado nesta pequena experiência foi uma prática mais consciente e um respeito maior, por nós mesmo, enquanto profissional da educação, e pelos alunos, enquanto sujeitos activos no processo de ensino/aprendizagem. ABSTRACT: This work is based on the report of an academic year 2009/2010 Supervised Teaching Practice (PES) for the specialty Master's degree in Teaching Physical Education in Primary and Secondary Schools, taught at the University of Évora and contribute to the evaluation the same. The group stage was held at school n8 4 EB 2,3 Conde Vilalva e Kindergarten and Secondary school Gabriel Pereira, covering the three cycles of learning thus fulfilling the curricular requirement. Reports briefly the scientific training and didactic knowledge from the curriculum the content and pupils. Develop and informed opinion to planning, conducting classes and learning assessment. Makes and analyses of the activities as a teacher of a discipline and as an active participant in school and school community. Try the strategies, methodologies and decisions. Finally makes an analysis of teaching practice. What was found on this little experiment was a more conscious practice and a greater respect for ourselves as professional education, and students as active participants in the teaching /learning.