Otimização do processo de síntese do aluminato de cobalto via método de polimerização de complexos (MPC) através do planejamento fatorial fracionado

In the ceramics industry are becoming more predominantly inorganic nature pigments. Studies in this area allow you to develop pigments with more advanced properties and qualities to be used in the industrial context. Studies on synthesis and characterization of cobalt aluminate has been widely researched, cobalt aluminate behavior at different temperatures of calcinations, highlighting especially the temperatures of 700, 800 and 900° C that served as a basis in the development of this study, using the method of polymerization of complex (CPM), economic, and this method applied in ceramic pigment synthesis. The procedure was developed from a fractional factorial design 2 (5-2) in order to optimize the process of realization of the cobalt aluminate (CoAl2O4), having as response surfaces the batch analysis data of Uv-vis spectroscopy conducted from the statistic software 7.0, for this were chosen five factors as input variables: citric acid (stoichiometric manner), puff or pyrolysis time (h), temperature (° C), and calcinations (° C/min), at levels determined for this study. By applying statistics in the process of obtaining the CoAl2O4 is possible the study of these factors and which may have greater influence in getting the synthesis. The pigments characterized TG/DSC analyses, and x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM/EDS) in order to establish the structural and morphological aspects of pigment CoAl2O4, among the factors studied it were found to statically with increasing calcinations temperature 700°< 800 <900 °C, the bands of Uv-vis decrease with increasing intensity of absorbance and that with increasing time of puff or pyrolysis (h) there is an increase in bands of Uv-vis proportionally, the generated model set for the conditions proposed in this study because the coefficient of determination can explain about 99.9% of the variance (R²), response surfaces generated were satisfactory, so it s possible applicability in the ceramics industry of pigments

O desenvolvimento sustentável na ordem constitucional e sua promoção através do planejamento urbano

The man, being subject and object of their changes, has passed by many process to find a better life way. Since your existence, he finds to live in groups for make easy your life and make concrete yours desires. All by history, when the individual´s rights was establishment, collectives and lonely way, contribute for evaluate the relationship between individuals and they own, and them and state, which has a duty to those, positive or negative, depending on the case. The circle of fundamentals rights has been sustainable development and the concept of growth economy associated to the environment protection. This association reflect a apparent conflict between values very distinct, but the constitutional interpretation can be reunite both of them and make it live in harmony; values of environmental order and economical order can be exist together, as long as the state contribute to this. On the city, where the most of relationships happening, the urban plan appear how a effective way of sustainable development, finding the harmony between the growth economy and environment protection. To effective the socials functions of the city (inhabit, circulate, work and entertainment) and the citizen´s life quality, the city is the scenery that show how the urban plan, across established previously legal instruments, like the governmental public politics, to effective the right to development, right of third generation. The director plan how effective tool for local needs - obligation defined by Citizen Statute that contribute for the program linked defined by the urban plan. The state´s intervention on the private sector of citizen, and the restriction on their rights are be justified by the collective´s rights and their quality of life. So, in front the urban scenery has been the plan to make social functions of city, the healthy way of life, which is the sustainable development

O Papel do Estado na promoção do Desenvolvimento Nacional: a utilização do instrumento do planejamento na expansão da oferta energética

The progress of a nation is closely linked to the energy supply that it has to develop its economic capabilities. The dependence of contemporary society for energy requires the continued expansion of the use of renewable energy, and implies coordinated action of the Democratic State in the delimitation of the best ways to make full use of energy. In periods of rapid development, countries need an increment of energy supplies superior to those of periods of regular economic growth. Energy demand generated by the condition of Brazil as an emerging country reveals the need for orderly expansion of energy supply. In reverse, lack of energy planning effectively paralyzes a country and generates incalculable losses in national socioeconomic development. The Brazilian Constitution abandoned the notion of development tied to the simple increase in the gross domestic product. The respect for the environment, sovereignty, national development, and especially the constant and growing supply of energy, promotes the advancement of national economic agents, and quenches the simple accounting increase in energy supply. Constitutional principles condition the rational use of energy potentials, in ensuring adequate supply of energy for the entire national territory. The Brazilian Ministry of Mines and Energy, through its agencies, government offices and companies, establishes and formulates policies and guidelines for energy in Brazil, playing an important role in national energy planning. National development is enhanced by the good performance of the state agencies responsible for planning the energy sector

Desenvolvimento de um sistema de planejamento, gestão de serviços e controle de custos em obras de construção civil

The increasing competitiveness of the construction industry, set in an economic environment in which the offer is now greater than the demand , causes the prices of many products and services, are strongly influenced by the processes of production and the final consumer. Thus, to become more competitive in the market and construction companies are seeking new alternatives to reduce and control costs, production processes and tools that allow for close monitoring of the construction schedule, with the consequent compliance deadline with the client. Based on this scenario, the creation of control tools, service management and planning work emerges as an investment opportunity and an area that can promote great benefits to construction companies. The goal of this work is to present a system of planning, service management and costs control that through worksheets provide information relating to the production phase of the work, allowing the visualization of possible irregularities in the planning and cost of the enterprise, enabling the company to take steps to achieve the goals of the enterprise in question, and correct them when necessary. The developed system has been used in a piece of real estate in Rio Grande do Norte, and the results showed that its use together allowed the construction company to accompany their results and take corrective and preventive actions during the production process, efficiently and effective

Otimização do processo de flotação de emulsão óleo/água através do planejamento fatorial completo

In recent decades, the generation of solid and liquid waste has increased substantially due to increased industrial activity that is directly linked to economic growth. For that is the most efficient process, it is inevitable generation of such wastes. In the oil industry, a major waste generated in oil exploration is produced water, which due to its complex composition and the large amount generated, has become a challenge, given the restrictions imposed by environmental laws regarding their disposal, making if necessary create alternatives for reuse or treatment in order to reduce the content of contaminants and reduce the harmful effects to the environment. This water can be present in free form or emulsified with the oil, when in the form of an emulsion of oil-water type, it is necessary to use chemicals to promote the separation and flotation is the treatment method which has proved to be more efficient, for it can remove much of the emulsified oil when compared to other methods. In this context, the object of this work was to study the individual effects and interactions of some physicochemical parameters of operations, based on previous work to a flotation cell used in the separation of synthetic emulsion oil / water in order to optimize the efficiency of the separation process through of the 24 full factorial design with center point. The response variables to evaluate the separation efficiency was the percentage of color and turbidity removal. The independent variables were: concentration of de-emulsifying, oil content in water, salinity and pH, these being fixed, minimum and maximum limits. The analysis of variance for the equation of the empirical model, was statistically significant and useful for predictive purposes the separation efficiency of the floater with R2 > 90%. The results showed that the oil content in water and the interaction between the oil content in water and salinity, showed the highest values of the estimated effects among all the factors investigated, having great and positive influence on the separation efficiency. By analyzing the response surface was determined maximum removal efficiency above 90% for both measured for turbidity as a measure of color when in a saline medium (30 g/L), the high oil concentrations (306 ppm) using low concentrations of de-emulsifying (1,1 ppm) and at pH close to neutral

Planificación, desarrollo y política económico-social en el Brasil

Incluye Bibliografía

Taxa de câmbio e estratégia de crescimento econômico de longo prazo da China

Pós-graduação em Economia - FCLAR

Diagnóstico y lineamientos de estrategia para el desarrollo económico y social del Estado de Bahía, Brasil

Incluye Bibliografía

Perfil sócio-econômico e diretrizes para a gestão do agronegócio da ovinocultura no Estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Planejamento e impasses na implementação do Trem de Alta Velocidade (TAV) entre Campinas/SP, São Paulo/SP e Rio de Janeiro/RJ

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Perspectiva histórica do planejamento regional no Brasil

Incluye bibliografía.

Duas interpretações do planejamento, desenvolvimento e democracia no pensamento cepalino: Celso Furtado e José Medina Echavarría

Incluye bibliografía.

Integração regional e desenvolvimento econômico - com referência a Celso Furtado

Embora a questão da integração regional não apareça com freqüência nos escritos mais conhecidos de Furtado, ele atribuía um papel importante a esse processo: "A teoria da integração constitui uma etapa superior da teoria do desenvolvimento e a política de integração, uma forma avançada de política de desenvolvimento. O planejamento da integração surge, pois, como a forma mais complexa dessa técnica de coordenação das decisões econômicas". Na sua ótica, a aproximação, seja de economias semelhantes, seja de economias díspares, mas sempre e quando integradas segundo um processo cauteloso, planejado, traria implicações importantes enquanto ferramenta de superação das limitações do subdesenvolvimento. O período mais recente tem mostrado, contudo, três aspectos que por não terem precedente histórico transcendem as formulações de Furtado. A opção pela abertura comercial multilateral por parte das economias em desenvolvimento, em paralelo aos esforços de integração regional, é um desafio para o desenho e a gestão dos processos de integração. Ao mesmo tempo, a opção de diversos países por buscar o elemento dinâmico de suas relações comerciais externas em acordos com outras economias em desenvolvimento sem o atributo da proximidade geográfica impõe diversas qualificações à análise da aglomeração de indústrias. Por último, a opção por parte de um número crescente de países em desenvolvimento, por firmar acordos liberalizantes com economias industrializadas, em busca de um canal alternativo tanto à complementaridade entre menos desenvolvidos quanto à abertura multilateral, é um fenômeno novo que desafia a análise tradicional.

Planejamento em saúde: encontros e desencontros

As condições políticas, sociais e econômicas deste início de século trouxeram à tona o desafio de enfrentar, simultaneamente, a necessidade de mudanças profundas nas condições econômico-sociais, na distribuição da riqueza socialmente gerada e na construção de condições de desenvolvimento capazes de otimizar os resultados da utilização de recursos naturais e tecnológicos. Depois de décadas de crença nas qualidades mágicas do mercado como promotor do desenvolvimento e da distribuição da riqueza, as atenções começam a se voltar para a necessidade de estabelecer direção aos esforços de desenvolvimento, para o enfrentamento dos enormes desafios sociais, ambientais e econômicos em um ambiente que transcende os limites nacionais. As políticas públicas ganharam, nesse contexto, nova dimensão. O planejamento voltou a ser tema da agenda estatal e dos movimentos sociais. Em artigo recente, Sachs (2011) afirma que “para ganhar a guerra contra a pobreza e o atraso, devemos voltar ao planejamento” esforço que, para ser “digno deste nome, deve enfrentar simultaneamente os desafios ambientais e sociais”.