Ao contrário do que prega Cardozo, orçamento da PF vem encolhendo

Levantamento da FGV/DAPP sobre dados do orçamento da PF em coluna do Ancelmo Góis

Fatores da satisfação do cidadão com a gestão pública: um estudo sobre o orçamento participativo municipal

This thesis deals with the quality dimensions and factors affecting citizens satisfaction in the participatory budgeting process in a major city of Brazil. Participatory budgeting was introduced as a usual practice in many Brazilian cities since the 1990s. It is adapted a model proposed by Johnson et al. (2001) of customer satisfaction and loyalty antecedent factors with constructs related to governance also included, to evaluate the quality perception and satisfaction rates by citizens representatives in the participatory budgeting process. It is conducted a survey with a sample of 84 citizens representatives of the seven city regions of Natal, the capital of a Northeastern State of Brazil. It is applied descriptive and multiple regression statistical analysis. The main findings related to quality and governance constructs are that the quality factors are the main factors affecting satisfaction but also the tax construct is significative to satisfaction. More regarding it was found that for different perspective of the satisfaction there are different set of factors affecting it

Avaliação de implementação da Educação Superior a Distância: o caso da Secretaria de Educação a Distância da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte SEDIS/UFRN

The considerable expansion of Distance Education registered in recent years in Brazil raises the importance of debate about how the implementation of this policy has been happening so that formulators and implementers make better informed decisions, maximizing results, identifying successes and overcoming bottlenecks. This study aims to evaluate the implementation process of Distance Education policy by Secretary of Distance Education of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. For this, we sought to use an evaluation proposal consistent with this policy, and came to the one developed by Sonia Draibe (2001), which suggests an analysis called anatomy of evaluation general process. To achieve the objectives, we made a qualitative research, case study type, using documentary research and semi-structured interviews with three groups of subjects who belong to the policy: managers, technicians and beneficiaries. It was concluded that: the implementation process needs a open contact channel between the management and technicians and beneficiaries; the lack of clarity in the dissemination of information between technicians produces noises that affects the outcomes; the absence of dissemination of internal and external actions contributes to the perpetuation of prejudice in relation to Distance Education; using selection criteria based on competence and merit contributes to form a team of skilled technicians to perform their function within the policy; an institution that do not enable technicians generates gaps that possibly will turn into policy implementation failures; all subjects involved in politics need internal evaluations to contribute to improvements in the implementation process, however, a gap is opened between the subjects if there is no socialization of results; the existence of an internal structure that manipulates financial resources and balances the budget from different maintainer programs is essencial; the consortium between IES and municipalities in presential support poles are bottlenecks in the process, since beneficiaries are exposed to inconsistency and lack of commitment of these local municipalities

Uso de habitat, orçamento temporal e influência da maré da geomorfologia do fundo sobre o comportamento do boto Sotalia guianensis Van Bénéden, 1864 (Cetacea: Delphinidae) no Porto de Maceió - Alagoas, Brasil

The physical and environmental factors presented by each habitat and the rhythm of behavior patterns strongly influence the ecology and behavior of the all living beings. At same time this factors may provide clues about the structure of a population and its ecological balance. The organizational structure, ecology and behavior of a species appraised in a region if we know be in balance when compared to the same type of appraisal made in a degraded area can provide a clear view of how the anthropogenic influences acted on these species and what steps can be taken in order to mitigate the effects and keep the population. The region where this study was conducted is, like most areas of port, subject to intense physical and environmental degradation. With the emerging interest of change in the quality of these environments also by the companies themselves that use the port services, the proposed study aimed to characterize the use of habitat, the distribution of behavioral activities carried out throughout the day and influence of geomorphology of the bed, depth and variation of tide on the expression of the behavior of Sotalia guianensis in the port of Maceio - Alagoas. From this information will be possible establish parameters for comparison with other populations of S. guianensis and establish conservation measures for the population occurring in the port of Maceio - AL, serving also as a basis for conservation actions future performed in other port regions

Estudo sobre orçamento de atividade do Boto Cinza (Sotalia guianensis) no litoral sul do Rio Grande do Norte

A fundamental analysis on Behavioral Ecology is the construction of Activities Budget, which can be defined as the quantification of the time that each animal uses in activities that are important for its survival and reproduction. Initially developed for theoretical studies about Optimal Foraging, the construction of Activities Budgets has recently being used for analyses in Conservation Biology. However, the measurement of behavior through an adequate methodology that allows the comparison between different samples is a challenge for researchers in the area of Ethology. This problem is even bigger for the students of cetaceans behavior due to the difficulty of visualization of these animals. The present work deals with two aspects of the specialized literature on cetaceans: i) it explores possible variations of results in quantification of behavioral states decurrent of the application of different methods of data collection, and ii) it describes the activity budget of a population of Sotalia guianensis that inhabits coastal waters, south Rio Grande do Norte. The results showed that the use different methods of data collection result in significant differences, but of small scale, in the quantification of the behavioral frequency. The activity budget of Sotalia in the area here analyzed was similar to that described for other populations of this species inhabiting typically estuarine habitats. Tide and day-hour did not influence the dolphin s behavior, however, significant differences were found related to the position of the animals within the area. These results are discussed considering the dietary and behavioral flexibility of the species, contributing to the scientific knowledge and offering information that will be useful in comparative studies and for analyses on the determination of areas for species conservation

Gestão democrática na Universidade Técnológica Federal do Paraná

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Forças armadas, orçamento e autonomia militar

Avalia-se aqui como evoluíram as relações entre governo e Forças Armadas, e o comportamento destas no interior da burocracia de Estado com base na análise dos orçamentos federais desde o governo autoritário até o atual (1964-2001). Os dados indicam um declínio lento e constante dos gastos com a defesa, entremeados por repiques elevatórios no início de novos gover­nos. De maneira geral, sugerem que os governos civis definem o padrão orça­mentário sem interferência militar, embora os recursos sejam usados sem um acompanhamento adequado das atividades castrenses. Indica-se ainda que a autonomia castrense, isto é, a sua capacidade de definir seu campo de atua­ção, as normas que a norteiam e as missões a desempenhar, pode ser revigo­rada. Essa autonomia endêmica não é fruto de escolhas militares, mas da omissão do poder civil.

Verificação do índice SINAPI para orçamento de obras

This work refers a comparison between a government’s index budget and another one which take into account the traditional method, in other words, taking real values practice in market as base. For its achievement will be used the design of a low standard single-family residence, quantifying all the materials needed for its construction with Prices Compositions Table for Budget, provided from the PINI publishing. After that, was made two budgets: one based on the SINAPI index costs, provided from Caixa Econômica Federal and calculated for the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Estatistics; and another based on the costs used in the SESC work in Birigui city, as well as values collected from building material stores in the same city. Finally, with both finalized budgets, will be drawn a direct comparison in order to verifying if the index can be use as parameter for budget calculations for low standard residences

O orçamento como instrumento de intervenção no domínio econômico

Este trabalho versa sobre a utilização do orçamento público como instrumento de intervenção no domínio econômico, demonstrando, em síntese, de que forma o Estado utiliza, ou ao menos deveria utilizar, o orçamento público como instrumento de planejamento de suas ações e de intervenção na atividade desempenhada pela iniciativa privada. Tem-se por objetivo contribuir para a compreensão jurídica de diversas questões atinentes à elaboração e execução da peça orçamentária federal, aos reflexos causados na economia e na atividade desempenhada pela iniciativa privada, especialmente no que toca à realização das receitas e despesas públicas, à elaboração das leis orçamentárias Plano Plurianual (PPA), Lei Orçamentária Anual (LOA) e Lei de Diretrizes Orçamentárias (LDO) e, também, aos interesses, às paixões e ideologias envolvidas em todo o processo financeiro. Para tanto, inicialmente, estuda o papel do Estado, distinguindo os campos de atuação privada e aquele reservado à Administração Pública, os modos de intervenção e aqueles aplicados à hipótese analisada, para, em seguida, proceder à análise da peça orçamentária, sua concepção atual e relevância para a iniciativa privada, o que possibilita, então, tratar de questões que envolvam as receitas públicas, em específico as tributárias e as despesas públicas. Por fim, trata do crédito público e, com isso, procura evidenciar de que forma, sob a ótica do orçamento público e nos limites legais de atuação do Estado, as previsões constantes do orçamento podem funcionar como instrumento de promoção, incentivo e estímulo, ou, em sentido contrário, limitar, frear ou desestimular o crescimento econômico e a atividade desenvolvida pela iniciativa privada.

Como o governo federal cobre seu prejuízo e paga suas dívidas

O Orçamento do governo federal é deficitário. Entra ano e sai ano, o país gasta mais do que arrecada. Para tentar amenizar o problema, o governo criou em 1999 uma meta de superávit primário. Essa meta é diferente de ter lucro ou prejuízo.

ORÇAMENTO DOS MUNICÍPIOS DO ABC PAULISTA: uma avaliação da conformidade dos portais da transparência com as normas fiscais

As normas da transparência fiscal (LC 101/00, LC131/09, Decreto 7185/10) determinam que todos os entes da federação das três esferas de poder disponibilizem na internet, em tempo real, informações pormenorizadas sobre a execução orçamentária e financeira. O ente federativo mais próximo do cidadão é o município, onde o seu espaço de vida é constituído. A transparência das informações municipais possibilita um melhor acompanhamento das contas públicas. Dessa forma, o cidadão poderá exercer de forma mais eficaz o seu direito de accountability. O objetivo da pesquisa é avaliar o nível de transparência do orçamento público dos municípios do ABC Paulista, com base na conformidade com as normas legais da transparência fiscal. A pesquisa é exploratória e de natureza descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa. Foram construídos escores de conformidade para os municípios, permitindo classificá-los em quatro categorias de transparência: transparente, translúcido, diáfano e opaco. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de fevereiro a junho de 2013 por meio da observação nos portais eletrônicos da transparência de cada município. As evidências empíricas apontam que os portais não estão em total conformidade com as exigências legais. No que tange a accountability os avanços ainda são modestos, a assimetria informacional ainda persiste e o conteúdo divulgado é muito técnico.

Citizen journalism and political participation : the youdecide project and the 2007 Australian Federal Election

The 2007 Australian Federal election not only saw the election of a Labor government after 11 years of John Howard’s conservative Coalition government. It also saw new levels of political engagement through the Internet, including the rise of citizen journalism as an alternative outlet and mode of reporting on the election. This paper reports on the You Decide 2007 project, an initiative undertaken by a QUT-based research team to facilitate online news reporting on the election on a ‘hyper-local’, electorate-based model. We evaluate the You Decide initiative on the basis of: promoting greater citizen participation in Australian politics; new ways of engaging citizens and key stakeholders in policy deliberation; establishing new links between mainstream media and independent online media; and broadening the base of political participation to include a wider range of citizen and groups.

Citizen journalism as social networking : reporting the 2007 Australian Federal Election

One of the perceived Achilles heels of online citizen journalism is its perceived inability to conduct investigative and first-hand reporting. A number of projects have recently addressed this problem, with varying success: the U.S.-based Assignment Zero was described as "a highly satisfying failure" (Howe 2007), while the German MyHeimat.de appears to have been thoroughly successful in attracting a strong community of contributors, even to the point of being able to generate print versions of its content, distributed free of charge to households in selected German cities. In Australia, citizen journalism played a prominent part in covering the federal elections held on 24 November 2007; news bloggers and public opinion Websites provided a strong counterpoint to the mainstream media coverage of the election campaign (Bruns et al., 2007). Youdecide2007.org, a collaboration between researchers at Queensland University of Technology and media practitioners at the public service broadcaster SBS, the public opinion site On Line Opinion, and technology company Cisco Systems, was developed as a dedicated space for a specifically hyperlocal coverage of the election campaign in each of Australia's 150 electorates from the urban sprawls of Sydney and Brisbane to the sparsely populated remote regions of outback Australia. YD07 provided training materials for would-be citizen journalists and encouraged them to contribute electorate profiles, interview candidates, and conduct vox-pops with citizens in their local area. The site developed a strong following especially in its home state of Queensland, and its interviewers influenced national public debate by uncovering the sometimes controversial personal views of mainstream and fringe candidates. At the same time, the success of YD07 was limited by external constraints determined by campaign timing and institutional frameworks. As part of a continuing action research cycle, lessons learnt from Youdecide2007.org are going to be translated into further iterations of the project, which will cover the local government elections in the Australian state of Queensland, to be held in March 2008, and developments subsequent to these elections. This paper will present research outcomes from the Youdecide2007.org project. In particular, it will examine the roles of staff contributors and citizen journalists in attracting members, providing information, promoting discussion, and fostering community on the site: early indications from a study of interaction data on the site indicate notably different contribution patterns and effects for staff and citizen participants, which may point towards the possibility of developing more explicit pro-am collaboration models in line with the Pro-Am phenomenon outlined by Leadbeater & Miller (2004). The paper will outline strengths and weaknesses of the Youdecide model and highlight requirements for the successful development of active citizen journalism communities. In doing so, it will also evaluate the feasibility of hyperlocal citizen journalism approaches, and their interrelationship with broader regional, state, and national journalism in both its citizen and industrial forms.

Monitoring the Australian Blogosphere through the 2007 Australian Federal Election

This paper examines the observable patterns of content creation by Australian political bloggers dur‐ing the 2007 election and its aftermath, thereby providing insight into the level and nature of activity in the Australian political blogosphere during that time. The performance indicators which are identi‐fied through this process enable us to target for further in‐depth research, to be reported in subse‐quent papers, those individual blogs and blog clusters showing especially high or unusual activity as compared to the overall baseline. This research forms the first stage in a larger project to investigate the shape and internal dynamics of the Australian political blogosphere. In this first stage, we tracked the activities of some 230 political blogs and related Websites in Australia from 2 November 2007 (the final month of the federal election campaign, with the election itself taking place on 24 Novem‐ber) to 24 January 2008. We harvested more than 65,000 articles for this study.

The Federal circuit in Bilski : the machine-or-transformation test

In a much anticipated judgment, the Federal Circuit has sought to clarify the standards applicable in determining whether a claimed method constitutes patent-eligible subject matter. In Bilski, the Federal Circuit identified a test to determine whether a patentee has made claims that pre-empt the use of a fundamental principle or an abstract idea or whether those claims cover only a particular application of a fundamental principle or abstract idea. It held that the sole test for determining subject matter eligibility for a claimed process under § 101 is that: (1) it is tied to a particular machine or apparatus, or (2) it transforms a particular article into a different state or thing. The court termed this the “machine-or-transformation test.” In so doing it overruled its earlier State Street decision to the extent that it deemed its “useful, tangible and concrete result” test as inadequate to determine whether an alleged invention recites patent-eligible subject matter.