Influence of the fold surface of the lamellae on radiation effects - Research on irradiated polyamide-1010 containing heterogeneous nuclei

Irradiated polyamide-1010 (PA1010) and PA1010 containing 0.5% (wt) heterogeneous nuclei were studied by ESR, WAXD, DSC and the determination of gel fractions. The fold surface of the lamellae plays an important role in the effects of radiation on crystalline PA1010. The results show that the direct radiation effects on both samples vary, while after being heated to 220 degrees C, the final radiation effects are identical, regardless of the difference in the amount of the fold surface of the lamellae. The post-radiation effects result predominantly from the fold surface.

WAXD and SAXS study on gamma-radiation damage to polyamide-1010 crystal structure

In the present work we attempt to settle the controversy on the district wherein the radiation induced reaction preferentially occurs through examining the structural changes of the irradiated polyamide-1010 specimens on both the crystallographic and the supermolecular level by using WAXD and SAXS techniques. Experimental results indicated that the chain crosslinking and scission of the irradiated specimens occur mainly in the amorphous region and on the crystal surface (or interphase), and extend into the inner portion of the crystal with increasing radiation dose.

Crystal structure of the blend of polyamide 1010 with a bismaleimide by WAXD and SAXS

The blend polyamide 1010/N,N'-(diphenylmethane-4,4'-diyl)bismaleimide (PA1010/ BMI) has been investigated by means of WAXD and SAXS. The results obtained with the help of the Ruland, variance and 1D EDCF analysis showed that the degree of crystallinity (W-c,W-x), crystallite size (L(hikl)), long period (L) and thickness of average crystal lamellae (d) decrease with BMI content. Experimental and calculated density values (rho(c)) are in good agreement. Addition of BMT to PA1010 causes an increase in structural distortion. The results from SAXS analysis also supported that a crystalline amorphous interphase exists in the lamellae of semicrystalline polymers, so that a three-phase model instead of the traditional two-phase model should be used.

Small angle X-ray scattering study of structural parameters of the aggregated state in polyamide 1010+BMI

The structural parameters of the aggregated state in the polyamide PA1010 and N,N'-bismaleimide-4,4'-diphenyl methane (BMI) system were computed by means of the desmearing intensity from SAXS and using the concept of the distance distribution function. The results revealed that the parameters Q, I(0), l(c) and L decreased with the increase BMI component, whereas O-s increased. The particle dimension Z for different BMI contents was less than 13.2 nm, and the maximum value of the distance distribution function P(Z) was found to be in the range Z = 6.5-7.0 nm.

γ辐照对异相成核聚酰胺1010的结晶破坏

通过引入异相成核剂（Ｎｄ２Ｏ３）改变结晶－非晶界面，来研究聚集态结构与γ－辐照结晶破坏的关系。利用ＷＡＸＤ，ＤＳＣ和凝胶含量测定的方法研究辐照聚酰胺１０１０的结晶破坏。结果表明：结晶破坏始于结晶表面，结晶的表面积越大，结晶无定形化的剂量越高。结晶表面对结晶起保护作用。

辐照聚酰胺1010的后效应

用ＤＳＣ以及凝胶含量测定的方法研究了辐照聚酰胺１０１０的后效应，讨论了晶区分子运动与转变受辐射后效应的影响，也探讨了结晶表面积对后效应的影响。结果表明辐射后效应主要来源于结晶表面内的俘陷自由基。

不同分子量初生态尼龙1010的熔融

利用ＤＳＣ方法研究了熔体聚合不同分子量初生态尼龙１０１０样品的熔融，发现随分子量增大，熔点有极大值，高规整性晶体的量也呈极大值，且两者峰值相同；结晶度则逐渐减小；熔融热、熔融熵也逐渐减小；其原因主要是高规整度晶体量减少所致。

热处理对尼龙1010结构影响研究

采用ＷＡＸＤ，ＳＡＸＳ方法研究了热处理对尼龙１０１０聚集态结构的影响．结果表明，在温度为１７５℃左右对样品进行退火处理可获得较完善的结晶．利用Ｗｃ．ｘ~Ｔ关系曲线外推法得到尼龙１０１０样品的Ｔｇ大约为５８℃．根据一维电子密度相关函数法求得了系列样品在所研究条件下的结晶片层厚，过渡层厚，长周期和结晶非晶相间的密度差．得到了不同退火条件尼龙１０１０样品的结晶相密度ρｃ．

不同分子量尼龙1010的结晶与熔融

不同分子量尼龙１０１０的结晶与熔融＊朱诚身王经武王友文杨桂萍（郑州大学材料工程系郑州４５００５２）陈玉莫志深（东北师范大学分析测试中心长春１３００２４）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春１３００２２）关键词尼龙１０１０，分子量，结晶，熔融＊１９９４＿...

PP—g—AA增容尼龙1010／聚丙烯三元共混体系性能研究

用反应挤出方法制备了聚丙烯接枝丙烯酸（ＰＰ—ｇ—ＡＡ）。用电子显微镜观测了不同ＰＰ—ｇ—ＡＡ含量的ＰＡ１０１０／ＰＰ／ＰＰ—ｇ—ＡＡ三元共混物的形态。与没有加ＰＰ一ｇ—ＡＡ的共混体系相比，增容共混中分散相尺寸明显减小，两相间镶嵌更深。ＰＰ—ｇ—ＡＡ作为第三组分加入对其物理力学性能有一定程度的改善。热分析结果表明三元共混体系中尼龙１０１０的结晶行为发生明显变化。

Studies on simultaneous crystallization of polypropylene/nylon 12 blends

The effect of the morphology of polypropylene (PP)/nylon 12 (PA12) blends on their crystallization behaviour is studied using differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy. In PP/maleated polypropylene (PP-MA)/PA12 = 65/10/25 blend, simultaneous crystallization of the PP/PA12 blend occurs under some conditions. When the diameter of the dispersed phase (PA12) is smaller than 0.5 mu m, PP crystallizes first and its crystals induce the crystallization of PA12. When some of the PA12 particles are larger than 0.5 mu m, this part of PA12 crystallizes first. Then this part of the PA12 crystals induces the crystallization of PP, and PP crystals induce the crystallization of PA12 fine droplets in turn.

THE INFLUENCE OF GAMMA-RADIATION ON POLYAMIDE-1010 AGGREGATE STRUCTURES

The influence of gamma-radiation on polyamide 1010 aggregate structures and crystal damage were examined by using wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques. The results revealed that some structural parameters of the aggregated state, the density differences and the degree of crystallinity W-c,W-x, essentially decreased with increasing radiation dose, but the specific surface O-s increased. Crosslinking and scission of irradiated polyamide 1010 samples occurred mainly in amorphous and interphase regions, and crystal damage and amorphization induced by gamma-radiation spread from the interphase and extended into the crystal phase with increasing radiation dose. This result also indicated that the (010) reflection with the hydrogen bond was more susceptible to the action of radiation.

MORPHOLOGY AND DYNAMIC-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NYLON 66/POLY(ETHER IMIDE) BLENDS

The morphology and dynamic mechanical properties of blends of poly(ether imide) (PEI) and nylon 66 over the full composition range have been investigated. Torque changes during mixing were also measured. Lower torque values than those calculated by the log-additivity rule were obtained, resulting from the slip at the interface due to low interaction between the components. The particle size of the dispersed phase and morphology of the blends were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The composition of each phase was calculated. The blends of PEI and nylon 66 showed phase-separated structures with small spherical domains of 0.3 similar to 0.7 mu m. The glass transition temperatures (T(g)s) of the blends were shifted inward, compared with those of the homopolymers, which implied that the blends were partially miscible over a range of compositions. T-g1, corresponding to PEI-rich phase, was less affected by composition than T-g2, corresponding to nylon 66-rich phase. This indicated that the fraction of PEI mixed into nylon 66-rich phase increased with decreasing PEI content and that nylon 66 was rarely mixed into the PEI-rich phase. The effect of composition on the secondary relaxations was examined. Both T-beta, corresponding to the motion of amide groups in nylon 66, and T-gamma, corresponding to that of ether groups in PEI, were shifted to higher temperature, probably because of the formation of intermolecular interactions between the components.

The influence of heat treatment on polyamide-1010 structures of the aggregated state

The structural parameters of the aggregated state under various heat treatment for PA-1010 samples were computed by means of the desmearing intensity from SAYS, and by using the concept of the distance distribution function and 1D EDCF method. The results revealed that the maximum values of Q, I(0), P-max(Z), dtr, Rg and W-c,W-x were obtained nearby T=175 degreesC for PA-1010 samples with various annealing treatment. The higher degree of the crystallinity, the greater values of all the structural parameters of the aggregated state for PA-1010 samples were.

热致液晶乙基纤维素与尼龙－1010共混物的研究

在自制单螺杆小型挤出机上通过熔融共混的办法，制备了不同配比（５／９５—２５／７５）的ＥＣ／Ｎｙｌｏｎ—１０１０共混物．用ＷＡＸＤ、ＤＳＣ、毛细管流变仪、力学性能测试等方法对共混物进行了研究．发现共混后尼龙－１０１０的形态结构有明显改变，其强度、模量都有提高，在高剪切速率下，共混物粘度大大降低．配比为１５８５时，这些性能的改进尤为明显．