957 resultados para Manganês peroxidase
Resumo:
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de doses e épocas de aplicação de manganês, por via foliar, na produtividade e qualidade fisiológica de sementes do feijoeiro irrigado 'Pérola', cultivado em Neossolo Quatizarênico. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 4x3, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de quatro doses de Mn (0, 150, 300 e 600 g ha-1) aplicadas em três épocas: R5 (pré-florescimento), R6 (florescimento pleno) e divididas metade em R5 e metade em R6. Mesmo em solo com alto teor de Mn, a aplicação via foliar do nutriente aumentou o número de vagens por planta, a massa de 100 sementes e a produtividade de sementes do feijoeiro. Não houve diferença entre o fornecimento de Mn via foliar no pré-florescimento e no florescimento do feijoeiro. A germinação de sementes de feijão não foi afetada pelas aplicações de Mn via foliar em diferentes épocas e doses. O índice de velocidade de emergência diminuiu com a aplicação de Mn.
Resumo:
Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever os teores totais e disponíveis de cobre, ferro, manganês e zinco e suas relações com a acidez, fertilidade, textura e mineralogia de latossolos sob pastagens na Região do Cerrado. Os solos estudados foram amostrados em três regiões: às margens das rodovias GO-060 e BR-154, entre os municípios de Goiânia, GO, e Barra do Garças, MT; no Distrito Federal, e nos municípios de Unaí e Paracatu, noroeste de Minas Gerais. Coletaram-se 54 amostras na camada de 0-20 cm. Relacionaram-se as quantidades disponíveis de Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn (extraídos com DTPA) com seus teores totais, textura, mineralogia e variáveis químicas dos solos, por meio da análise de componentes principais. Os teores totais e disponíveis desses elementos foram extremamente variáveis. A disponibilidade de Fe, Cu e Mn se relacionou principalmente com os teores de ferro cristalino e com o pH em água. A disponibilidade de Zn se relacionou principalmente com a capacidade de troca catiônica do solo. O Zn é, entre os micronutrientes avaliados, o mais freqüentemente limitante ao desenvolvimento das pastagens na Região do Cerrado.
Resumo:
A morte precoce do pessegueiro (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) é uma síndrome caracterizada por um colapso da planta durante a floração ou no início da brotação, após drástica redução da temperatura. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a atividade da peroxidase (UE min-1 g-1 MF) durante o período hibernal, em gemas e ramos de plantas de pessegueiro cv. Jubileu, com e sem sintomas de morte precoce. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos separadamente, um para cada tipo de tecido, em dois pomares próximos, ambos com quatro anos de implantação, situados na região colonial de Pelotas - RS, nas localidades de Santa Helena e Cascata. As amostras foram constituídas por dois tipos de tecidos (gemas e ramos) e foram coletadas em quatro datas (11-06, 11-07, 29-07 e 05-08) durante o inverno de 2003. As determinações da atividade da peroxidase nos tecidos foram realizadas no Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal da Embrapa Clima Temperado. As plantas com sintomas de morte precoce apresentaram, durante a dormência, maior atividade da peroxidase nos dois tipos de tecidos, quando comparadas com as plantas sem sintomas da síndrome. Provavelmente, o desencadeamento da síndrome provoca alterações na dormência das plantas afetadas, que resultam na antecipação da retomada do crescimento das gemas e na exposição dos tecidos recém-formados aos danos causados pelas baixas temperaturas. Os níveis populacionais donematoide-anelado (Mesocriconema xenoplax) e dos nematoides do gênero Helicotylenchus sp. foram superiores nas amostras de solo coletadas na rizosfera das plantas com sintomas de morte precoce do que os verificados nas amostras coletadas das plantas sem sintomas da síndrome, resultando também na maior atividade da peroxidase em ambos os tecidos (gemas e ramos), durante o período hibernal das plantas afetadas.
Resumo:
A carambola apresenta boas perspectivas de comercialização, devido ao crescente aumento na demanda por frutas, tanto no mercado interno como no externo, sendo uma opção promissora de cultivo. Porém, as principais áreas de produção de carambola estão localizadas em regiões caracterizadas por solos ácidos, com baixa saturação por bases e, frequentemente, possuem alumínio e manganês em quantidades suficientemente altas para limitar o desenvolvimento normal dos vegetais em geral. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do manganês no crescimento e na composição química da caramboleira, assim como na massa seca das plantas. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos casualizados, constituídos de 4 doses de Mn (0; 0,5; 25 e 50 mg L-1 de Mn), 4 épocas de coleta (30; 60; 90 e 120 dias após o emprego das doses de Mn) e 3 repetições, em mudas conduzidas em solução nutritiva. Foram avaliados tanto aspectos biológicos como nutricionais das mudas de caramboleira, a fim de identificar a dose mais adequada de Mn e seus efeitos no crescimento dessa frutífera. As doses de Mn e as épocas de coleta influenciaram nos teores e no acúmulo de Mn, assim como a massa seca, em função do órgão analisado. Ocorreu aumento linear nos teores e acúmulos de Mn com o incremento das doses de manganês em todas as estruturas. Houve aumento na eficiência de absorção de Mn com o incremento das doses, entretanto diminuição na eficiência de transporte e utilização do Mn. Os parâmetros biológicos avaliados apresentaram as maiores médias na concentração de 0,5 mg L-1 de Mn.
Resumo:
The NaCl- KCl system as fused-salt solvent for leaching has shown to have some advantages over traditional solvents. In this work the solubility of copper, nickel and cobalt oxide in this system, as impurities in manganese concentrate, was studied. The euthetic mixture of NaCl - KCl at 700ºC was used at several fusion times and the dissolved metals were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The results have shown that in these conditions only copper was solubilized.
Resumo:
The e phase of electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) is the structural form most easily converted in the LiMn2O4 spinel used as cathode in lithium batteries. Thus, employing titanium as anode, a study of electrolysis parameters was carried out in order to determine the best conditions to produce an e-EMD suitable for that spinel preparation. The influence of solution temperature (65oC and 90oC) and current density (between 1 mA/cm2 and 17.5 mA/cm2) on the anode potential and the EMD properties was investigated using an aqueous 2.0 mol/L MnSO4 + 0.30 mol/L H2SO4 solution. In any of the electrolysis conditions tested only the e-EMD structure was obtained, but its specific surface area varied with the applied current density and temperature. Drying the e-EMD at temperatures between 60oC and 120oC did not cause any phase changes. To produce a suitable EMD at the highest current density possible without passivation of the titanium anode, the best electrolysis parameters were determined to be 90oC and 15 mA/cm2. The e-EMD thus obtained had a specific surface area (BET) of ca. 65 m2/g.
Resumo:
In this work a micro-heater device to be used as an integral part of the flow analysis manifold is described. The usefulness of the device was demonstrated using it in the development of a multicommutated flow analysis procedure for the spectrophotometric determination of manganese in plant digest. The method was based on the manganese oxidation by periodate in phosphoric acid medium to form the permanganate anion. The reaction development is dependent on the temperature and it was observed that at 25 °C a time interval of ca. 15 min was necessary for the reaction to attain equilibrium. Setting the temperature to 70 ºC, this time interval could be decreased to ca. 30 s. This condition was easily attained employing the proposed micro-heater device coupled to the manifold. The procedure was applied to manganese determination in soybean digests and results compared with those obtained by inductively coupled argon plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). No significant difference at 90% confidence level was observed. A linear response for sample concentrations ranging from 5.0 to 30.00 mg L-1 Mn2+; a relative standard deviation of 1.3% (n = 6) for a typical sample containing 6.3 mg L-1 Mn2+; a sampling rate of 22 determinations per hour; a low reagent consumption, of 12.0 mg NaIO4 per determination; and a detection limit of 1.2 mg L-1 were achieved.
Resumo:
A boron-doped diamond electrode is used for determination of Mn(II) in atmospheric particulate matter by square wave cathodic stripping voltammetry. The analytical curve was linear for Mn(II) concentrations between 5.0 and 37.5 µg L-1, with quantification limit of 3.6 µg L-1. The precision was evaluated by the relative standard deviation, with values between 5.1% and 9.3%. The electrode is free of adsorption, minimizing memory effects. Samples collected in the workplace atmosphere of a foundry had Mn(II) concentrations between 0.4 and 4 µg m-3. No significant differences were observed between the proposed method and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy.
Resumo:
Considerable attention has been paid to chitosan and derivatives as efficient adsorbents of pollutants such as metal ions and dyes in aqueous medium. Nevertheless, no report can be found on the remedial actions of chitosan microspheres crosslinked with tripolyphosphate to control acidity, iron (III) and manganese (II) contents in wastewaters from coal mining. In this work, chitosan microspheres crosslinked with tripolyphosphate were used for the neutralization of acidity and removal of Fe (III) and Mn (II) from coal mining wastewaters. The study involved static and dinamic methods. The neutralization capacity of the surface of the static system was 395 mmol of H3O+ per kilogram of microspheres, higher than that of the dynamic one (223 mmol kg-1). The removal of Fe(III) in wastewater was of 100% and that of Mn(II) was 90%.
Resumo:
Biosensors were developed by immobilization of gilo (Solanum gilo) enzymatic extract on chitosan biopolymers using three different procedures: glutaraldehyde, carbodiimide/glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin/glutaraldehyde. The best biosensor performance was obtained after the immobilization of peroxidase on chitosan with epichlorohydrin/glutaraldehyde. Linear analytical curves for hydroquinone concentrations from 2.5x10-4 to 4.5x10-3 mol L-1 with a detection limit of 2.0x10-6 mol L-1 and recovery of hydroquinone ranging from 95.1 to 105% were obtained. The relative standard deviation was < 1.0 % for a solution of 3.0x10-4 mol L-1 hydroquinone and 2.0x10-3 mol L-1 hydrogen peroxide in 0.1 mol L-1 phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.0 (n=8). The lifetime of this biosensor was 6 months (at least 300 determinations).
Resumo:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of Zn and Mn in a soil column. Two soil columns were sampled, and four opened alkaline batteries were placed at the top of one soil column. An acid-rainwater solution (HNO3 and H2SO4; pH 4) was percolated through the battery contaminated column during one year. The results showed that the leaching of alkaline batteries caused enrichment of 70 and 11 times in the Zn and Mn concentration of the topsoil, respectively. Additionally, leaching of electrolyte (KOH) from the batteries increased the soil pH in the contaminated column.
Resumo:
The aim of this work is to obtain, purify and characterize biochemically a peroxidase from Copaifera langsdorffii leaves (COP). COP was obtained by acetone precipitation followed by ion-exchange chromatography. Purification yielded 3.5% of peroxidase with the purification factor of 46.86. The COP optimum pH is 6.0 and the temperature is 35 ºC. COP was stable in the pH range of 4.5 to 9.3 and at temperatures below 50.0 ºC. The apparent Michaelis-Menten constants (Km) for guaiacol and H2O2 were 0.04 mM and 0.39 mM respectively. Enzyme turnover was 0.075 s-1 for guaiacol and 0.28 s-1 for hydrogen peroxide. Copaifera langsdorffii leaves showed to be a rich source of active peroxidase (COP) during the whole year. COP could replace HRP, the most used peroxidase, in analytical determinations and treatment of industrial effluents at low cost.
Resumo:
The solubility of Mn in different fertilizers (MnSO4.H2O-p.a., MnO2-p.a.+MnO-Ind., MnO2-Ind.+MnO-Ind., MnO2-p.a., MnO2-Ind. and MnO-Ind.) was determined using different methodologies: total content and soluble contents in water, 10% H2SO4, citric acid at 20 g L-1, diluted neutral ammonium citrate, (1+9) and DTPA at 0.005 mol L-1. The Mn solubilities in the latter three extractors were assessed after agitation of the sample for one hour and after boiling for 5 minutes. The extraction procedure using neutral ammonium citrate (1+9), at 1:100, with agitation for one hour, was shown to be the most adequate to assess the availability of Mn in fertilizers.
Resumo:
New chemical systems have been recently designed for the study of complex phenomena such as oscillatory dynamics in the temporal domain and spatiotemporal pattern formation. Systems derived from oscillators based on the chemistry of bromate are the most extensively studied, with the celebrated Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction being the most popular example. Problems such as the formation of bubbles (CO2) and solid precipitate in the course of the reaction and the occurrence of simply short-lived oscillations under batch conditions are very common and, in some cases, compromise the use of some of these systems. It is investigated in this paper the dynamic behavior of the bromate/hypophosphite/acetone/dual catalyst system, which has been sugested as an interesting alternative to circumvent those inconvenients. In this work, manganese and ferroin are employed as catalysts and the complete system (BrO3-/H2PO2-/acetone/Mn(II)-ferroin) is studied under batch conditions. Temporal symmetry breaking was studied in a reactor under agitation by means of simultaneous records of the potential changes of platinum and Ag/AgBr electrodes, both measured versus a reversible hydrogen electrode. Additionally, spatio-temporal formation of target patterns and spiral waves were obtained when the oscillating mixture was placed in a quasi two-dimensional reactor.