590 resultados para Leitos hospitalares
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The present study analyses the supervisory practice of the nurse in the hospital environment. It has, as its main objective identify the use of planning, supervision and evaluation, as managerial instruments in the daily nursing practice. It tries also to identify the importance given to these instruments in their supervisory actions and the difficulties encountered in their use. It deals with an exploratory and analytical investigation with a qualitative approach having as its main point of analysis the principles of strategic planning. In order for it to be done 10 nurses were interviewed, distributed in three public hospitals in the city of Natal/RN. The results show that, although the nurses recognize the importance of the managerial instruments, they do not put them into practice in an effective and systematic way. They justify it because of the existence of personal, professional and institutional difficulties. On the other hand we could conclude from what they say that there is the desire to overcome the eminently burocratic vision of the management. Thus, they express a feeling for change and point in the direction of looking for ways that will contribute to innovate this practice
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Blind Source Separation (BSS) refers to the problem of estimate original signals from observed linear mixtures with no knowledge about the sources or the mixing process. Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is a technique mainly applied to BSS problem and from the algorithms that implement this technique, FastICA is a high performance iterative algorithm of low computacional cost that uses nongaussianity measures based on high order statistics to estimate the original sources. The great number of applications where ICA has been found useful reects the need of the implementation of this technique in hardware and the natural paralelism of FastICA favors the implementation of this algorithm on digital hardware. This work proposes the implementation of FastICA on a reconfigurable hardware platform for the viability of it's use in blind source separation problems, more specifically in a hardware prototype embedded in a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) board for the monitoring of beds in hospital environments. The implementations will be carried out by Simulink models and it's synthesizing will be done through the DSP Builder software from Altera Corporation.
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of cefepime, cefpirome and amikacin against the most prevalent nosocomial bacteria. Initially a prospective study was designed to compare the bacterial susceptibility to the three drugs using 1,022 pathogenic strains. The strains were isolated from hospitalized patients of the Hospital das Clinicas - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, SP, from March to December of 1996, by using the Bauer-Kirby susceptibility diffusion controlled method. The activity of cefepime by the Kirby-Bauer method was significantly higher (χ2, p ≤ 0.05) than cefpirome and amikacin for the following bacteria: P. aeruginosa (72% x 56% x 64%, respectively), Enterobacter cloacae (98% x 88% x 80%) and total strains (79.5% x 74.3% x 76.8%). Cefpirome exhibited higher activity than cefepime only to Enterococcus faecalis (42% x 23%). In the 12 other bacterial groups studied the sensibility of the three drugs was similar (χ2, p ≥ 0.05). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for 127 bacterial strains - Enterobacter cloacae (12), Citrobacter sp (15), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (50), Acinetobacter baumannii (12), BGNF others (22) and Enterococcus faecalis (16)-from the same origin previously described and isolated during 1997, was determined by E-test. Ranges of MIC intervals, MIC(50%), MIC(90%) and the proportion of the sensitive bacterial strains were determined and permitted the following analysis: the activity of cefepime against Gram-negative bacteria was 2 or more times higher than that of cefpirome and amikacin, specially when CIM(90%) was considered; the activity of cefpirome was higher only against E. faecalis. This information must be considered in the rational use of antibiotic, specially in patients with nosocomial infections.
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Staphylococcus aureus is a very important hospital and community pathogen. This species is related to supurative disease, systemic and widespread metastatic lesions. The ability of S. aureus to develop resistance to antibiotics, more recently to methicillin, associates this bacteria with epidemic outbreaks of severe nosocomial infection. The source of staphylococcal infection is a patient with a staphylococcal lesion or a career member of the hospital staff. We aimed to detect the frequency of S. aureus isolated from anterior nares and oral cavities among the hospital staff in Bauru - SP, and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates. Within 213 of the staff members analyzed. S. aureus was found in 94 (44.13%) of careers, with 47 (50%) of nasal carriers, 23 (24.4%) of oral carriers and 24 (25.5%) of both carriers. The biochemical characteristics analyzed for the species identification were similar to S. aureus ATCC 29213. All strains identified as S. aureus showed varied sensibility to the antimicrobial agents tested. No vancomicin resistant strains and only 8 (8.5%) strains with oxacilin resistance were found.
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Pós-graduação em Design - FAAC
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Produção - FEB
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas - FCFAR
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Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB
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A brinquedoteca hospitalar é um direito legalmente assegurado às crianças por meio da Lei 11.104/05, entretanto ainda não concretizado integralmente no país. O presente estudo objetivou descrever e analisar as condições de serviços e espaços disponibilizados pelas brinquedotecas hospitalares em Belém do Pará. Fizeram parte da pesquisa quatro hospitais que possuem este serviço. A pesquisa envolveu 10 técnicos e 39 crianças e seus acompanhantes. Para os técnicos foram utilizados um roteiro de Entrevista; a Escala Autoavaliativa de Índices de Qualidade (EAIQ), sendo do tipo Likert, composta por 27 itens fechados e três abertos. Para as crianças e seus responsáveis foram aplicados roteiros de entrevista. Foram realizados também observações e registro fotográfico. A coleta de dados foi iniciada após a assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, as entrevistas e a aplicação da EAIQ foram feitas individualmente. Os dados oriundos das entrevistas foram agrupados em categorias a partir dos tópicos presentes nos roteiros e os da escala segundo a literatura, ambos analisados qualitativamente. Dentre os principais resultados encontrados estão: a- Todos os hospitais do estudo eram público; b- no tocante a conceituação do espaço, as resposta dos técnicos e acompanhantes esteve em consonância com a literatura e a legislação vigente; c- existem poucos registros acerca da implantação e funcionamento dos espaços; d- as equipes se diferiram tanto em relação ao número de membros quanto à formação, sendo que em metade delas falta uma rotina sistemática de reuniões, contudo foram avaliadas positivamente pela clientela, e- verificou-se que três delas funcionam no mínimo cinco dias por semana e que todas oferecem atividades livres, dirigidas; f- no tocante ao acervo lúdico, este se diferenciou em relação à quantidade, mas as instituições dispunham de brinquedos de faz-de-conta, blocos de montar e jogos de tabuleiro, g- verificou-se que as crianças apresentaram pouca restrição às brincadeiras que gostariam de realizar no hospital e relataram que o local preferido dentro desse contexto é aquele em que podem brincar. O estudo permitiu traçar um perfil destas brinquedotecas, verificar os aspectos que favorecem a concretização dos objetivos desses espaços e reflexões sobre possibilidades de melhorias.