Tradición e innovaciones en la comentarística medieval y del Renacimiento

[ES] Cada vez son más habituales las voces que intentan amortiguar las estridencias contrastivas entre Edad Media y Renacimiento, sobre todo cuando en lo menudo de una actividad tan elemental como la gramatical del comentario de textos la estabilidad de las contundentes antítesis resulta difícil asegurarla. Apoyándose en textos representativos del pensamiento tanto teórico como práctico al respecto de la declaración de autores, el autor del presente artículo prefiere alinearse con los que de un tiempo a esta parte intentan conciliar matizadamente las divergencias -alegorización/historicidad; historicidad/clasicidad- aun dentro del mismo período renacentista. Sin desatender la enorme lección de los humanistas sobre lo que debe ser una cabal filología, concebida no como conocimiento autosuficiente, sino como ámbito privilegiado desde donde confluir con infinidad de otros, a mayores el de la vida.

Os cavaleiros imaginários de Terry Gilliam: uma análise da transição da figura do cavaleiro medieval da literatura para o cinema

As narrativas em torno da busca do Graal tiveram origem no século XI e foram de grande importância para fixar a imagem de um personagem típico da sociedade medieval, o cavaleiro, como um novo modelo heroico. Nesse sentido, os cavaleiros que encontraram o Graal nessas narrativas, especialmente no ciclo literário conhecido como Matéria da Bretanha, representam a configuração máxima desse paradigma. Esta pesquisa visa analisar a permanência de tal imagem no cinema, que é igualmente uma arte narrativa, como o eram as novelas de cavalaria que originaram o modelo. O corpus a ser analisado são três significativas obras do cineasta norte-americano Terry Gilliam que direta ou indiretamente retomam a questão do Graal: Monty Python em busca do Cálice sagrado (Monty Phyton and The Holy Grail, 1974), O pescador de ilusões (The Fisher King, 1991) e Os doze macacos (Twelve Monkeys, 1995). Assim, procura-se com esta tese traçar um panorama das retomadas da imagem literária e medieval dos cavaleiros no cinema, assim como observar as mudanças no padrão dessas imagens descritas literariamente para sua representação óptico-sonora

Stress on the ward: evidence of safety tipping points in hospitals

Do hospitals experience safety tipping points as utilization increases, and if so, what are the implications for hospital operations management? We argue that safety tipping points occur when managerial escalation policies are exhausted and workload variability buffers are depleted. Front-line clinical staff is forced to ration resources and, at the same time, becomes more error prone as a result of elevated stress hormone levels. We confirm the existence of safety tipping points for in-hospital mortality using the discharge records of 82,280 patients across six high-mortality-risk conditions from 256 clinical departments of 83 German hospitals. Focusing on survival during the first seven days following admission, we estimate a mortality tipping point at an occupancy level of 92.5%. Among the 17% of patients in our sample who experienced occupancy above the tipping point during the first seven days of their hospital stay, high occupancy accounted for one in seven deaths. The existence of a safety tipping point has important implications for hospital management. First, flexible capacity expansion is more cost-effective for safety improvement than rigid capacity, because it will only be used when occupancy reaches the tipping point. In the context of our sample, flexible staffing saves more than 40% of the cost of a fully staffed capacity expansion, while achieving the same reduction in mortality. Second, reducing the variability of demand by pooling capacity in hospital clusters can greatly increase safety in a hospital system, because it reduces the likelihood that a patient will experience occupancy levels beyond the tipping point. Pooling the capacity of nearby hospitals in our sample reduces the number of deaths due to high occupancy by 34%.

Medieval Women's Writing

Watt, P., Medieval Women's Writing (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2007) RAE2008

The Four Branches of the Mabinogi and Medieval Welsh Poetry

Hughes, I. (2006). The Four Branches of the Mabinogi and Medieval Welsh Poetry. Studi Celtici. 4, pp.155-193. RAE2008

Sy abl fodd Sibli fain: Sibyl in Medieval Wales

Haycock, Marged, 'Sy abl fodd Sibli fain: Sibyl in Medieval Wales', In: Heroic Poets and Poetic Heroes in Celtic Tradition, Joseph Falaky Nagy and Leslie Ellen Jones (eds), (Dublin: Four Courts Press), pp.115-130, 2005 RAE2008

The Where, Who, When and Why of Medieval Welsh Prose Texts: Some Methodological Considerations

Rodway, S. (2007). The Where, Who, When and Why of Medieval Welsh Prose Texts: Some Methodological Considerations. Studia Celtica. 41, pp.47-89. RAE2008

Credit and Debt in medieval England, c.1180-c.1350

Schofield, Phillipp, and N. J. Mayhew, eds., Credit and Debt in medieval England, c.1180-c.1350 (Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2002), pp.x+164 RAE2008

Signs of community or marks of the exclusive? Parish and guild seals in later medieval England

New, Elizabeth, 'Signs of community or marks of the exclusive? Parish and guild seals in later medieval England', In: The Parish in Late Medieval England, (Lincs: Shaun Tyas) pp.112-128, 2006 RAE2008

The role of late medieval English monasteries as expressions of patronal authority : Some case studies

St?ber, Karen. 'The role of late medieval English monasteries as expressions of patronal authority: some case studies', in: 'The Use and Abuse of Sacred Places in Late Medieval Towns, Medievalia Lovaniensia, Series I, Studia XXXVIII', (Leuven: Leuven University Press), pp.189-207, 2006 RAE2008

Peasant and Community in medieval England, 1200-1500

Schofield, Phillipp, Peasant and Community in medieval England, 1200-1500 (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003), pp.vii+279 RAE2008

Christological personal seals and Christocentric devotion in later medieval England and Wales

New, E. (2002). Christological personal seals and Christocentric devotion in later medieval England and Wales. Antiquaries Journal. 82, pp.47-68. RAE2008

Synonymity and Semantic Variability in Medieval French and Middle English

Rothwell, W., 'Synonymity and Semantic Variability in Medieval French and Middle English', Modern Language Review (2007) 102(2) pp.363-380 RAE2008