Political Parties and Foreign Aid

The influence of partisan politics on public policy is a much debated issue of political science. With respect to foreign policy, often considered as above parties, the question appears even more problematic. This comparison of foreign aid policies in 16 OECD countries develops a structural equation model and uses LISREL analysis to demonstrate that parties do matter, even in international affairs. Social-democratic parties have an effect on a country's level of development assistance. This effect, however, is neither immediate nor direct. First, it appears only in the long run. Second, the relationship between leftist partisan strength and foreign aid works through welfare state institutions and social spending. Our findings indicate how domestic politics shapes foreign conduct. We confirm the empirical relevance of cumulative partisan scores and show how the influence of parties is mediated by other political determinants.

Problems And Prospects Of Marketing Indian Cardamom At Home And Abroad

The main objective of the study has been to analyse the marketing problems of Indian cardamom at home and abroad and examine possible courses of action which would lead to increased consumption of cardamom, both within India and abroad. This has been done in the context of the anticipated increases in the Indian and world supply of cardamom. Field studies were undertaken to understand the cost of production of cardamom and cost of export. This study was also directed at examining how far price fluctuations in cardamom can be controlled in the Indian context, so as to have a reasonable and stable income for primary producers which will ensure adequate encouragement for higher production and better export earnings.

Ethnic minority parents' and teachers' orientation on collaboration between home and school : strategies and contexts

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n. Resumen tambi??n en ingl??s

Improving primary mathematics : linking home and school.

En este recurso se presentan nuevas formas de aprendizaje de las matemáticas. Vincula el hogar y la escuela a través de una serie de actividades que se pueden utilizar para compartir conocimientos entre niños, padres y profesores. Los maestros y niños hacer videos para mostrar a los padres cómo los pequeños aprenden matemáticas; los padres y los niños toman fotos de las matemáticas que utilizan de una manera cotidiana. Padres y profesores intercambiar información a través de carpetas, la escuela y los diarios. Se presta especial atención a la forma de trabajar con los padres con distintos orígenes familiares, que refleja la naturaleza multiétnica de muchas escuelas de hoy.