967 resultados para Avaliação. Avaliação institucional


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o objetivo do presente estudo é duplo: (1) identificar e analisar os fatores que contribuem para acentuar o hiato capacidade de planejar e incapacidade de implementar o planejamento estratégico e (2) analisar e exemplificar a prática do planejamento estratégico nas empresas. estatais do setor de telecomunicações, para que os administradores do setor repensem a atual situaçao das telecomunicações no país e conscientizem-se do seu papel enquanto ator responsável pela proposiçao de um novo modelo institucional que atenda às necessidades da populaçao brasileira. A finalidade aqui, porém, não é analisar os acontecimentos atuais e torná-los justificativa para um novo modelo de planejamento, mas propor um modelo realista capaz de incorporar as variáveis ambientais, ainda que falte os elementos norteadores de uma política de telecomunicações, ou que restrições legais orientem os procedimentos efetivos do trabalho, interferindo no funcionamento quotidiano da organização. No entanto, os elementos restritivos são quase sempre aceitos sem o questionamento devido. Na verdade, as empresas estatais do setor de telecomunicações têm se limitado a arguir sobre o limite de investimento, sob a alegação da forte demanda reprimida, mas até nesse ponto a arguição é frágil, se se considerar a distribuição de rendas no país que toma, cada dia mais, o telefone um artigo de luxo, contrariamente ao que se observa em todo o mundo, onde qualquer evolução de serviços só foi iniciada depois do atendimento básico a toda a população. O estudo é composto de nove capítulos. O primeiro deles é uma introdução ao estudo, através da fonnulação do problema e da situação-problema objeto da pesquisa. No segundo capítulo aborda-se o referencial teórico básico para a formulação de hipóteses para a pesquisa mais adaptadas à Administração Pública. O terceiro, Estratégia e Planejamento Estratégico, tem a preocupação de resgatar na teoria administrativa os aspectos conceituais que poderão ajudar a compreender as especificidades da Administração Pública. No quarto capítulo, sobre a dimensão do planejamento no setor estatal de telecomunicações, discute-se a estrutura do setor, a representatividade das telecomunicações na economia brasileira e a perspectiva dos gerentes de nove empresas operadoras do Sistema Telebrás e de seu Centro de Pesquisa sobre planejamento e sua imprescindibilidade nos ambientes turbulentos e competitivos. O quinto capítulo apresenta o sistema de planejamento adotado pela empresa observada: modelo, características, instrumentos, o perfil do profissional que trabalha em áreas de planejamento e ainda a localização do planejamento na estrutura organizacional. A montagem do perfil é fruto de pesquisa realiz.ada junto a empresa. No sexto capítulo, em oposição ao quinto, apresenta-se o sistema de planejamento sob a ótica de gerentes e funcionários, a partir dos resultados da pesquisa-ação. O que o aspecto formal apresenta em termos de funcionamento ideal do processo de planejamento é criticado pelos gerentes e técnicos, apontando as falhas do processo. No sétimo capitulo se aborda pontos do hiato, caracteristicos do setor de telecomunicaçOes, apontados na pesquisa pelos participantes e hipóteses preliminares da dissertação. Estes pontos constituem efetivas barreiras ao planejamento estratégico, pois justificam a falta de atuação estratégica em decorrência das amarras que sAo impostas às operadoras dos serviços de telecomunicações. Embora sejam preliminares, o capitulo oitavo pretende encaminhar propostas para reformulação do planejamento do Setor de TelecomunicaçOes, através de uma solução alternativa para o Caso-TElEMIG. Finalmente o capítulo nove apresenta algumas considerações finais e conclusivas sobre o tema, objeto da dissertação.

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Este estudo faz uma análise dos ambientes institucional, organizacional, tecnológico e competitivo que cercam o aproveitamento energético dos resíduos sólidos urbanos no Brasil, objeto de política recente lançada no país, que trata a questão superficialmente, priorizando, sobretudo, a destinação dos resíduos aos aterros sanitários, inclusive aqueles de origem orgânica. As análises realizadas mostram que, acima de uma gestão excelente do processo, as políticas de governo sobre o tema da recuperação energética de resíduos são fundamentais para a viabilidade destes empreendimentos, que é dependente também de um fortalecimento no ambiente organizacional, responsável pelas pressões políticas e centralização dos interesses sobre o tema. Uma análise do ambiente tecnológico concluiu que a recuperação energética de resíduos é dominada por empresas no Brasil e que pode ser ampliada em escala e tecnologias disponíveis, desde que o mercado de resíduos sólidos urbanos ofereça segurança ao investidor, sobretudo acima de outras fontes de energia renováveis que se valem das mesmas legislações existentes sobre a comercialização de energia elétrica, porém com menores custos de implantação. Diferentemente de outras fontes de energia, sob o contexto político atual, os empreendimentos de aproveitamento energético de resíduos sólidos urbanos são viáveis economicamente em condições muito específicas no Brasil, especialmente aquelas ligadas à falta de espaço ou ao estabelecimento de parcerias público privadas em que pesem os interesses de ambos os parceiros, como também ponderados os ganhos para o município nos pilares ambiental, social e econômico.

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Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar o instrumento denominado Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica (AAE) aplicado ao contexto brasileiro, para descobrir (1) se a AAE pode ser efetiva no sentido de influenciar de fato a tomada de decisão e alterar a cultura governamental em relação ao meio ambiente; (2) quais fatores podem influenciar a efetividade; e (3) de que forma a dimensão jurídico-institucional pode influenciar a efetividade. Para tanto, este trabalho fará, em primeiro lugar, um referencial teórico sobre a AAE e sua efetividade, adotando a premissa de que efetividade, para os efeitos deste trabalho, é o mesmo que “a influência real da AAE no processo de tomada de decisão e a alteração da visão governamental a respeito do meio ambiente” – o que pode por consequência promover o desenvolvimento sustentável. Esta primeira parte também apresentará as vantagens, obstáculos e boas práticas da AAE de acordo com a literatura, e brevemente descreverá a institucionalização da AAE no Brasil e na Holanda (como um exemplo de caso bem sucedido). Na segunda parte, será apresentado um estudo de caso da AAE feita para o Programa de Geração Hidrelétrica de Minas Gerais (PGHMG), a fim de verificar sua efetividade e quais fatores tiveram influência sobre ela. O terceiro tópico então extrairá lições do caso PGHMG, especialmente considerando a dimensão jurídico-institucional da AAE, e como ela pode influenciar sua efetividade. A questão a ser respondida, nesta terceira parte do trabalho, é se uma norma aberta que dá ampla oportunidade para o governo decidir se, quando e como implementar a AAE (como no caso PGHMG) é a regra ideal no contexto brasileiro. A hipótese deste trabalho é de que a AAE tem a potencialidade de ser efetivamente utilizada no processo de tomada de decisão governamental brasileiro e alterar a visão governamental a respeito do meio ambiente, possuindo o condão de promover o desenvolvimento sustentável, apesar de ter de superar obstáculos consideráveis relacionados a questões políticas e institucionais; para ser implementada em escala nacional, ainda segundo a nossa hipótese, é necessário desenvolver normas mais restritivas em relação à discricionariedade administrativa, de forma a criar um procedimento de AAE obrigatório pelo governo.

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Com a Reforma Administrativa levada a efeito em meados da década de 90 do século passado, a implementação do orçamento por resultados no Governo Federal foi subjacente a estratégia de mudança na Administração Pública Brasileira. Este novo contexto produziu uma nova orientação para elaboração dos orçamentos, onde a integração destes com o planejamento ganhou fundamental importância e a avaliação de Políticas Públicas passou a ter um enorme campo de atuação, embora a investigação sobre os impactos destas políticas pouco tenha avançado neste novo ambiente institucional. Nesta direção, o trabalho investiga as restrições à avaliação de impacto no modelo de orçamento orientado para resultados implementado pelo governo federal, consubstanciados nos diversos Planos Plurianuais – PPA´s.

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The evaluation of public policies that promote Food Security and Nutrition (FSN) it s a multidisciplinary activity extremely relevant to the effectiveness of actions to legitimize the Human Right to Adequate Food (HRAF). This study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the unit project Natal-RN Café do Trabalhador in promoting SAN to its users. The theoretical framework is based on the public and political and on the dimensions of the concept of FSN (quantity and quality-regularity). Through a qualitative approach, methodologically this was the work of an evaluation of efficiency of the unit Natal-RN of Café do Trabalhador project in light of the assumptions of the concept of SAN. Data collection was conducted through retrospective archival research in official documents of the project, semi-structured interviews with managers involved in its implementation (representative of the Secretary of State for Employment, Housing and Care of RN SETHAS and third party), socioeconomic questionnaire applied to the users of the unit, check the amount, regularity and quality of meals offered for 15 days (menu routine) using the descriptive form menu and form filling type checklist for verification of compliance with good practices . Methods of analysis, we used content analysis, descriptive statistics and compared to previously established parameters for the project. As categories of analysis were defined organizational arrangement, access, user, food quantity-regularity and food quality. The results show that, it was found in the category arrangement that will implement the project dismissed technical criteria for choosing the districts and the quantitative distribution of meals for each location. It was found that the valuation of the shares of the company outsources technical SETHA has not been performed. We observed in the access category, the unit has a strategic location, but lack of space in the refectory. The main obstacle to economic access for users is the lack of a register for the beneficiaries. In the category of users, it was identified that the clientele of the project it is predominantly men, with more than 51 years, low education, earning wages less 1 obtained through informal employment, which they move up through the unit transport collective, go to all days of operation due primarily to price. About the meals category quantity-regularity of food showed that the menu serves 95% of the desired needs, and that holidays and weekends are periods of disrupting the regularity of supply of meals. Regarding the category of food quality, it was found that the nutritional aspect on the menu are food sources rich in sodium, nitrates and low in fiber. In the aspect of hygiene and sanitation are the main limitations related to waste management, lack of exposure controls of food prepared and inadequacies of the physical structure. The results showed that in general and the institutional arrangement of the organs attached to the project should establish a systematic evaluation project is to establish as a promoter of and FSN overcome these obstacles

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This research deals with the evaluation of the Programa do Governo Federal para Urbanização de Favelas Habitar Brasil(1993) carried out in the Africa slum - Redinha neighbourhood in Natal-Rn. This study carried out in period from 2005 to 2006 searches to identify the effects of the actions proposed by Program in 1993-1994 about the current urbanistic configuration of the Africa community. It analyzes the effectiveness in the process of achievement of the considered objectives to habitation, communitity equipments, infrastructure and agrarian regularization. On the evaluation process, it has been as reference the works developed by Adauto Cardoso (2004), Blaine Worthen (2004), Ronaldo Garcia (2001) and Rosângela Paz (2006). About the Habitational Policy with approach to the Urbanistic Right and the right to the housing, the reflections by Raquel Rolnik, Nabil Bonduki, Ermínia Maricato, Saule Júnior, Betânia de Moraes Alfonsin and Edésio Fernandes are main references. To gauge the execution of the objectives proposed by Habitar Brasil in 1993, it has searched in the documentary data of the time and in information gotten in interviews with technicians that had participated of the program, consistent references on what was considered, what was executed and the process of the intervention of Habitar Brasil in the Africa community. The area analysis in 2005-2006 has developed on the base of the urbanistic survey of the current situation from the four performance lines of the Program: habitation, infrastructure, community equipments and agrarian regularization, with a current urbanistic evaluation of Africa considering the intervention carried out in 1993 and 1994. The study points out the context of Brazilian Habitational Policy where the Programa Habitar Brasil was launched, explaining the main principles of the Program. In terms of local, it empahsizes the administrative-political factors that had contributed so that Natal-Rn city has been pioneering in the resources captation of Habitar Brazil (1993). Considering Habitar Brazil in Africa, the work argues and presents the intervention diagnosis and the proposal, developed by Program in 1993 evidencing the local problem of the time. After that, it makes a current reading of the area, identifying in 2006 representative elements of Habitar Brasil (1993-1994) for the Africa community. It identifies significant advances in the constitution of the institucional apparatus of the plaining system of Habitation of Social Interest for the city of Natal and points the fragilities in the implementation of the urban infrastructure actions and above all in the achievement of the objectives of the agrarian regularization

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Objective: To evaluate the implementation of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in Brazilian cities of the Northeast, expanding coverage, analyzing the progress, challenges and innovations. Methods: Multicentric Evaluation Research, Studies Baselines in urban centers, using as a case study method. Selected cases of Aracaju, being capital, advanced coverage with extended team, and Fortaleza, capital coverage incipient and minimal staff. In Fortaleza, purposive sample of 11 Units Primary (APS), 03 managers, 53 professionals and 109 users. In Aracaju, 09 units of APS, 02 managers, 36 professionals, and 90 users. Structured interviews for managers, and structured to professionals and users. Descriptive analysis focusing on the political and institutional dimensions, organization and comprehensive care. Results: There was consensus that the ESF is the preferred port users and acts as inducing changes in care. In the case of Fortaleza, the specificities were: care protocols and community activities aimed at chronic conditions (100%) , with greater participation of doctors and nurses (93%) ; conjunction with more complex services, but the teams reported difficulties with the examination center and experts, the long waits and poor access to local services were the main difficulties reported by users., As innovative practice, the therapeutic group of elderly caregivers mentioned by respondents; There was intersectoral initiatives and teams 87 % of users have participated in meetings about health problems. In the case of Aracaju, care protocols were directed to the lines of care and formulated locally, 85 % coverage of the population with FHS counterpart local financing; employees hired by public tender; 70 % of teams with expertise in public health center for continuing education acting; democratization in management; access technologies, welcoming and computerization in different integrated networks, and evaluation matrix. Conclusions: The ESF has promoted access to health care and inclusion of disadvantaged populations. Different perceptions and practices in the organization of care, with distinct trajectories of reorganization. In the case of Fortaleza, predominance of model programs valuing older, with evidence of advances in care practices and teamwork, but restricted to primary care practices and incipient in public policy perspective. In Aracaju, had network integration with technologies related to the family, in which the ESF is consolidated as public policy. It can be argued that the XII APS expanding coverage, exhibited efficacy, despite the challenges inherent to the different degrees of implementation

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The current National Policy for Social Assistance (PNAS) is the instrument that regulates the organization and procedures of social-welfare actions. Developed and approved in 2004 since the Unified Social Assistance System (ITS) was crated in 2003, it reaffirms the democratic principles of the Social Assistance Organic Law (LOAS) focusing on the universalization of social rights and equality of rights when accessing the social-welfare system. In the SUAS point of view, the PNAS highlights the information, monitoring and evaluation fields for being the best way to assure the regulation, organization and control by the Federal Government paying attention to the principles of decentralization and participation. This political-institutional rearrangement occurs through the pact among all the three federal entities. The pact deals with the implementation of the task. It says that it has to be shared between the federal autonomous entities, established by dividing responsibilities. To the cities, considered as the smallest territorial unit of the federation and closer to the population, was given the primary responsibility, which is to feed and maintain the database of SUAS NETWORK and identify families living in situations of social vulnerability. In addition to these responsibilities, the cities that have full autonomy in the management of their actions, have the responsibility to organize the basic social protection and the special social protection, that using the Center of Social Assistance Reference (CRAS) and the Center of Specialized Social Assistance Reference (CREAS), are responsible for the provision of programs, projects and services that strengthen the family and community; that promote people who are able to enjoy the benefits of the Continuing benefit of Provisions (BPC) and transfer of incomes; that hold the infringed rights on its territory; that maximize the protective role of families and strengthen its users organization. In Mossoró/RN, city classified as autonomous in the social assistance management, has five units of CRAS that, for being public utilities, are considered the main units of basic social protection, since they are responsible for the connection between the other institutions that compose the network of local social protection. Also known as Family House, the CRAS, among other programs and services, offers the Integral Attention to Families Program (PAIF), Juvenile ProJovem Program, socio-educational coexistence services programs, as well as sending people to other public policies and social-welfare services network, provides information, among others. In this large field, social workers are highlighted as keys to implement the policy of social assistance within the city, followed by psychologists and educators. They should be effective public employees, as a solution to ensure that the provision of the services are to be continued, provided to the population living around the units. However, what we can find here is inattention to the standard rules of social assistance, which not only undermines the quality of programs and services, but also the consolidation of policy on welfare as public policy of social rights

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This thesis aims at analyzing from the perspective of the manager the importance of the use of quality management tools and concepts in Federal Universities. It was motivated by the following research problem: do Federal University managers consider it to be relevant the quality management in their institution? Therefore, we sought to gather evidence for a satisfactory approach that addresses the complexity of the topic researched: quality, higher education and quality management systems. We chose to adopt an applied study, the exploratory-descriptive research as to the objective and the quantitative and qualitative research as to the approach to the problem. The object of study is composed by the Planning Provosts of Federal Universities listed in the University Ranking Sheet - (RUF) in 2013. We chose to restrict the sample listing only the provosts of the 20 best-placed universities in the ranking of the Federal Universities. The research instrument was composed of 26 questions, of which 6 questions were designed to identify the profile of the manager, 16 questions of perception (manifested variables) on the importance of quality management in the University, where the managers assigned values (answers) to the affirmatives (that address the main topic of this thesis) based on a Likert scale of 5 points, and 4 open and optional questions, in order to identify general management practices used. It was used for statistical analysis (data analysis) descriptive and factorial statistics. The responses collected through the questionnaire portray the managers´ perception regarding the importance of quality management in their institutions. Sixteen variables were addressed, the results of factor analysis of importance were "Important" and "Very Important", where the variable (V2) was "Important" and all others "Very important." With this information, it is possible to prioritize some areas that deserve immediate action. As it was observed that some variables are "Very important" for the vast majority of managers, others did not show the same result as example (V2, V10, V11). It is concluded that the manager´s perception of quality management in his or her institution is relevant, but the same importance is not given to quality programs implemented in other segments of the economy, and that, despite the advancements offered by SINAES, the model does not evaluate the institution in a global way. Thus, with the results, it is expected to contribute to the advancement of the subject, trying to arouse interest from the managers of Federal Universities in the subject, emphasizing the importance of quality management systems as a necessary tool to raise the institutional quality

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The reality of water resources management in semiarid regions, such as the Seridó region, has been shaped by a complex chain involving social-cultural, political, economic and environmental aspects, covering different spheres of activity - from local to federal. Because water is a scarce element, the most rational way pointed out by our recent history has been to move towards an increasing emphasis on the need for a truly rational, integrated, sustainable and participatory water resources management, supported by legislation and by a network of institutions that could materialize it. In this sense, despite all the advances in the formulation of public policies in water resources, which ones have indeed lead to significant changes that have occurred or are underway in semiarid regions such as Seridó? What factors may be preventing the realization of the desires rationality embedded in the framers of water policies intents? How to properly manage water resources if the current actors who promote their management and the political, human, cultural and institutional processes that intervene in this management, show strong traces of unsustainability? The research methodology adopted in this paper led to a breakdown of the traditional approach to water resource management, to integrate it into other areas of knowledge, especially to political science and public administration, catalyzed by the concept of "sustainable development". From a broad, interdisciplinary literature review, an exhaustive characterization of the river basin Seridó, a set of interviews with key people in the public administration acting in the region, a series of diagnoses and a set of propositions were made in order to correct the direction of current public policies for the region. From the point of view of public policies, it is in the deployment phase, not in its formulation, which lies a major problem of the lack of significant progress in water management. The lack of coordination between government programs are well characterized, as well as the lack of efficiency and effectiveness of their actions. The causes of this secular model are also discussed, including political factors and social relations of production, which led to a stalemate difficult, but of possible solution. It can be perceived there is a scenario of progressive deterioration of natural resources of the fragile ecosystem and a network of environmental and social consequences difficult to reverse, the result of a persistent and inertial sociopolitical culture, whose main factors reinforce itself. The work leads towards a characterization of the water resources management also from the perspective of environmental, institutional, political and human sustainability , the latter being identified, particularly as investment in the development of people as autonomous beings - not based in ideological directives of any kind - in the emancipation of the traditional figure of the poor man of the hinterland" to the "catalyst for change" responsible for their own decisions or omissions, based upon an education for free-thinking that brings each one as co-responsible epicenter of (self-) sustainable changes in their midst

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This study has as main objective to verify the effect of the tax and financial incentives granted by the brazilian states, specially in the reduction of ICMS on the investment decision of the entities, which in the last years led to the companies to decide new projects in based on the region that presented the better infrastructure beyond lesser tributary expense. For in such was made an economic valuation of the companies with focus in the beneficiary s optics using an adaptation of the Discounted Cash Flow method to measure the impact of the tax incentives in the value of the companies, this study selected the textile industry segment located in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The results indicated that such incentives created addition in the value of the companies, however the inexistence of incentives would not be enough to a negative decision of investment in the Rio Grande do Norte. The smallest difference between the value with and without incentive observed was 8.9%, and the biggest 31.7%, and the average of value aggregation with the tax incentives represented 18.9%

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Objetivou-se avaliar a atenção à saúde de recém-nascidos de risco, acompanhados no primeiro ano de vida pelo Programa Crescer Feliz, desenvolvido em município do interior paulista. Trata-se de estudo epidemiológico populacional, do tipo avaliação de programa de saúde, que se baseou, para análise dos dados, nas diretrizes nacionais da Agenda de Compromissos da Criança. Os resultados evidenciaram a vulnerabilidade institucional do programa, decorrente de problemas relacionados à estrutura e processo, com implicações nos resultados. Considerando a adequação dos critérios adotados pelo programa, para definição dos recém-nascidos de risco e das intervenções e estratégias propostas, que se mostram em consonância com a Agenda de Compromissos, aponta-se a necessidade dos gestores priorizá-lo, inserindo-o, efetivamente, na política pública de saúde a ser desenvolvida no âmbito do município, para reversão da vulnerabilidade institucional identificada.

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JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Verificar o efeito sedativo da clonidina, um a2-agonista, e do midazolam, um benzodiazepínico, quando utilizados na medicação pré-anestésica, empregando-se avaliação clínica e eletroencefalográfica bispectral. MÉTODO: Após aprovação institucional e consentimento escrito fornecido, 45 pacientes de 18 a 65 anos, estado físico ASA I, foram aleatoriamente distribuídos nos grupos placebo (P), clonidina (C) ou midazolam (M), em que receberam, respectivamente placebo, 150 µg de clonidina ou 15 mg de midazolam por via oral, 60 minutos antes da indução da anestesia (n = 15 por grupo). A monitorização constituiu-se de eletrocardiograma (D II), pressão arterial não invasiva, freqüência cardíaca, saturação de pulso de oxigênio, freqüência respiratória, temperatura axilar e da sala de cirurgia e eletroencefalograma bispectral para determinação do índice bispectral (BIS). Esses atributos e a escala de sedações (1 - ansioso, 2 - calmo, 3 - sonolento, 4 - dormindo com reflexo, 5 - dormindo sem reflexo) foram obtidos aos 0 (M0), 15 (M15), 30 (M30), 40 (M40), 50 (M50) e 60 (M60) minutos após a medicação. RESULTADOS: Nos grupos não houve alteração significante dos parâmetros respiratórios, hemodinâmicos e de temperatura. Houve diferença significante entre os grupos na ES (M60: M=C>P) e no BIS (M50 e M60: M=C>P). CONCLUSÕES: Nas condições utilizadas, a clonidina e o midazolam determinaram níveis de sedação adequados e semelhantes na medicação pré-anestésica de pacientes estado físico ASA I, quando avaliados pela escala de sedação e pelo índice bispectral, sem determinarem alterações hemodinâmicas e respiratórias.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)