大功率高重复频率准分子激光器单元技术及元器件

<正> 由中国科学院力学研究所承担的“大功率高重复频率准分子激光器单元技术及元器件”系国家重点科技攻关项目,已通过中科院和国家教委联合组织的鉴定会。该项目包括三项具体研究成果,即磁脉冲压缩器、高重复频率大电流开关、数字式高电压表。

双原子分子晶体体系振动弛豫的温度效应

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高频等离子体合成Si_3N_4超细粉料

本文研究了用高频等离子体合成Si_3N_4超细粉料.进行了合成系统的设计、参数选择,发展了利用“磁泵”效应把反应气体送入弧区和用氢气调整高频机——等离子体负载匹配的方法,分析了反应过程,作了数值计算,并制取了Si_3N_4超细粉料.

Vinte e cinco anos da Lei da Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente

Aborda aspectos da Lei 6.938, de 31 de Agosto de 1981, que dispõe sobre a Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente. Discute os ajustes posteriores feitos nessa lei e os pontos que ainda exigem aperfeiçoamento.

星系螺旋结构三维密度波的流体动力学理论——整体模式解及厚度效应

本文求解了有限厚星系盘密度波的传播方程,得出了一致有效渐近解及色散方程,在此基础上,我们分析了盘厚、旋臂倾角以及共转圈上其它物理参数对螺旋图象的影响.结果表明:在其它条件不变时,盘越厚,模式解的增长率越低.由此推出对比较厚的透镜状星系,椭圆星系不可能存在螺旋结构.

合金材料超高周疲劳行为的基本特征和影响因素

合金材料在超高周疲劳下具有与低周和高周疲劳不同的裂纹萌生和扩展行为以及不同的S-N曲线特征.材料的强度、循环加载的频率、所处的环境等都显著影响超高周疲劳的特性.本文综述了合金材料超高周疲劳行为的基本特征和影响因素的研究进展.

Observations on the ecology of Hepsetus odoe, Bloch, 1794 (Pisces: Hepsetidae) in Epie Creek floodplain, Niger Delta, Nigeria

The distribution, abundance, age and growth, the food and feeding habits, condition factor and reproduction of Hepsetus odoe in the Epie Creek Floodplain (Nigeria) was studied. H. odoe occur in the creek, swamp channel and lake. It is a very common, abundant and one of the major commercial species. A total of 457 specimens weighing 76.90 kg were caught during the period of investigation. The catches were more abundant in the dry season than in the wet season. The total length ranged from 10 cm to 46 cm while the weight varied between 50 g and 900 g. Six distinct components or year classes were observed using Bhattacharya's method. A growth exponential value 'b' was 3.35 with condition factor, 'k' values ranging from 0.69 to 0.83. The main diets of Hepsetus odoe were fish, including crustaceans (shrimps) and insects. The mean fecundity was 6060 plus or minus 358 eggs (range 2,769 to 6.667 eggs). The ova diameter of H. odoe was found to range from 2.2 mm to 2.6 mm with overall mean = 2.4 plus or minus 0.1)

The resource appraisal survey of clupeids in Kainji Lake, Nigeria

This study includes an analysis of the trawl survey that was carried out by the Kainji Lake Fisheries Promotion Project in May, 1997. The objective of the survey was to assess the biomass and the potential yield of clupeids and the carrying capacity of the beach seine fishery in the entire Kainji Lake (Nigeria). The biomass of the beach seine by-catch was also estimated. The density (kg /km super(3)) of the clupeids was higher in the Bussa and Foge than in the other stations. The lowest density of clupeids was in the Anfani station followed by Jetty, both in the southern basin. These stations were the deepest parts of all the areas trawled, measuring between 37-120 m of depth. There was an inverse correlation between depth trawled and the catch rates of clupeids, though the correlation was poor. The average annual biomass of the clupeids was estimated at 36,769.85 Mt in the entire Lake with an MSY of 11,705.95 Mt. The smaller species, Sierrathrissa leonensis, made up about 97% of the total clupeid population in the lake and occurred at a shallower depth than the larger species Pellonula afzeliusi. From the clupeid production statistics in 1996, it is estimated that the MSY is already overshot by 34%. Therefore, about 698 beach seines instead of the present 810 would be sufficient for sustainable exploitation of the clupeid stocks. Because of the substantial by-catch in the beach seines, this fishing method was banned from Kainji Lake in 1997. An offshore open water seine net is recommended to replace the beach seines on the lake. The number of these nets should not exceed 500. The current ban on beach seine is supported by this study. Nevertheless, and since the ban may not be 100% effective, effort should concentrate on maintaining that the number of beach seines must be kept at most at the present level. Recommendation is made against the introduction of the pair trawling not only from an economic point of view but also for resource conservation, legal and social reasons. The development of this fishery could pose a serious danger to continuity of stocks. It is proposed that priority be given to the development of an open water seine which is at the same level of exploitation as the beach seine and requires similar cost to acquire. (PDF contains 39 pages)