Collecção das leis do Imperio do Brasil de 1870

Parte 1 - Atos do Poder Legislativo

Gestión de la calidad y marketing en los centros residenciales para personas mayores

El sector residencial se está introduciendo en una cultura de gestión que en el pasado reciente no existía. Sin embargo, resulta curioso que muchas residencias hayan descubierto el enfoque de satisfacción del cliente a través de los modelos de gestión de la calidad mientras que la actividad de marketing no es considerada relevante. Al igual que otros autores, pensamos que el marketing y la gestión de la calidad son filosofías de gestión complementarias. En el presente trabajo de investigación nos hemos planteado como objetivo principal describir y explicar la relación existente entre la gestión de la calidad y la filosofía de marketing en los centros residenciales para personas mayores. La consecución de este objetivo principal se realiza a través del desarrollo, entre otros, de los siguientes objetivos subsidiarios: Evaluación de la incidencia de la adopción en el sector de los principales modelos, genéricos y específicos, de gestión de la calidad, examinando cuáles han sido las motivaciones para su implantación; Estudio del nivel de utilización de instrumentos de gestión y de actividades de marketing en el sector; Diseño y validación de escalas que permiten evaluar el grado en el que las residencias para personas mayores adoptan los principios de la gestión de la calidad y medir su nivel de orientación al mercado; Determinación de la relación existente entre los conceptos de gestión de la calidad y orientación al mercado, así como entre los diferentes componentes de la gestión de la calidad y la orientación al mercado, en el sector objeto de estudio.Por último, hemos generado una serie de propuestas integradoras e innovadoras que resultarán útiles para los gestores de residencias. Estas propuestas se concretan, por un lado, en una serie de recomendaciones relativas a la utilización de instrumentos de gestión y herramientas de marketing ajustados a las organizaciones del sector y, por otro lado, en el desarrollo de un modelo de gestión de la calidad que, tomando los aspectos que consideramos adecuados de los modelos estudiados, se adapta mejor a la realidad de las organizaciones estudiadas.

A surface energy model and application to mechanical behavior analysis of single crystals at sub-micron scale

Size effects of mechanical behaviors of materials are referred to the variation of the mechanical behavior due to the sample sizes changing from macroscale to micro-/nanoscales. At the micro-/nanoscale, since sample has a relatively high specific surface area (SSA) (ratio of surface area to volume), the surface although it is often neglected at the macroscale, becomes prominent in governing the energy effect, although it is often neglected at the macroscale, becomes prominent in governing the mechanical behavior. In the present research, a continuum model considering the surface energy effect is developed through introducing the surface energy to total potential energy. Simultaneously, a corresponding finite element method is developed. The model is used to analyze the axial equilibrium strain problem for a Cu nanowire at the external loading-free state. As another application of the model, from dimensional analysis, the size effects of uniform compression tests on the microscale cylinder specimens for Ni and Au single crystals are analyzed and compared with experiments in literatures. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Financial analysis of small-scale fish farming enterprises to alleviate poverty in homestead

This paper focuses on the financial analysis involved in setting up of fish farming on a small-scale in a homestead. About 0.5 acres of land was used for the construction of pond which as a stock of Clarias spp/ Heterobranchus spp and Tilapia spp at the ratio of one to three for a period of 12 months. The land/land development cost is N26,500.00, pond construction cost, N35,700.00, equipment cost, N2,650.00 and stock/Input requirement cost N155,727.00 while the revenue from sales is N376,000.00. A cash flow analysis is also calculated for the fish farm, which is N155,423.00 for first year cash flow, and appropriate profit/mosses were calculated for five-year production cycle of N1,036,515.00 million. At the end appreciable profit is realized from the enterprises. This type of enterprises is viable for small-scale farmers to practices and adopted for financial support for their family

Annealing effects of sapphire substrate on properties of ZnO films grown by magnetron sputtering

The annealing effects of sapphire substrates on the quality of epitaxial ZnO films grown by dc reactive magnetron sputtering were studied. The atomic steps formed on (0001) sapphire (alpha-Al2O3) substrates surface by annealing at high temperature were analyzed by atomic force microscopy. Their influence on the growth of ZnO films was examined by X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence measurements. Experimental results indicate that the film quality is strongly affected by annealing treatment of the sapphire substrate surface. The optimum annealing temperature of sapphire substrates for ZnO grown by magnetron sputtering is 1400 degrees C for 1 h in air.

Ta2O5膜在532, 800 和 1064 nm波长的n-on-1体系下的激光损伤阈值研究

Ta2O5膜采用传统的电子束蒸发方法制备，并在氧气中673 K的条件下进行了退火12 h处理。首先在1-on-1体系下对Ta2O5膜进行了532和1064 nm波长下的激光损伤阈值（LIDT） 研究，然后在n-on-1体系下分别对532，800和1064 nm三种波长下的激光损伤阈值进行了研究。结果表明在n-on-1体系下Ta2O5膜在532和1064 nm波长下的阈值均高于1-on-1体系下的阈值。此外，在n-on-1体系下，薄膜的阈值随波长增加而增大。同时发现，在氧气中进行退火对Ta2O5膜的光学性能

Length correction for larval and early-juvenile Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) after preservation in alcohol

Body length measurement is an important part of growth, condition, and mortality analyses of larval and juvenile fish. If the measurements are not accurate (i.e., do not reflect real fish length), results of subsequent analyses may be affected considerably (McGurk, 1985; Fey, 1999; Porter et al., 2001). The primary cause of error in fish length measurement is shrinkage related to collection and preservation (Theilacker, 1980; Hay, 1981; Butler, 1992; Fey, 1999). The magnitude of shrinkage depends on many factors, namely the duration and speed of the collection tow, abundance of other planktonic organisms in the sample (Theilacker, 1980; Hay, 1981; Jennings, 1991), the type and strength of the preservative (Hay, 1982), and the species of fish (Jennings, 1991; Fey, 1999). Further, fish size affects shrinkage (Fowler and Smith, 1983; Fey, 1999, 2001), indicating that live length should be modeled as a function of preserved length (Pepin et al., 1998; Fey, 1999).