Personality and personality disorders in urban and rural Africa: results from a field trial in Burkina Faso

When conducting research in different cultural settings, assessing measurement equivalence is of prime importance to determine if constructs and scores can be compared across groups. Structural equivalence implies that constructs have the same meaning across groups, metric equivalence implies that the metric of the scales remains stable across groups, and full scale or scalar equivalence implies that the origin of the scales is the same across groups. Several studies have observed that the structure underlying both normal personality and personality disorders (PDs) is stable across cultures. Most of this cross-cultural research was conducted in Western and Asian cultures. In Africa, the few studies were conducted with well-educated participants using French or English instruments. No research was conducted in Africa with less privileged or preliterate samples. The aim of this research was to study the structure and expression of normal and abnormal personality in an urban and a rural sample in Burkina Faso. The sample included 1,750 participants, with a sub-sample from the urban area of Ouagadougou (n = 1,249) and another sub-sample from a rural village, Soumiaga (n = 501). Most participants answered an interview consisting of a Mooré language adaptation of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory and of the International Personality Disorders Examination. Mooré is the language of the Mossi ethnic group, and the most frequently spoken local language in Burkina Faso. A sub-sample completed the same self-report instruments in French. Demographic variables only had a small impact on normal and abnormal personality traits mean levels. The structure underlying normal personality was unstable across regions and languages, illustrating that translating a complex psychological inventory into a native African language is a very difficult task. The structure underlying abnormal personality and the metric of PDs scales were stable across regions. As scalar equivalence was not reached, mean differences cannot be interpreted. Nevertheless, these differences could be due to an exaggerated expression of abnormal traits valued in the two cultural settings. Our results suggest that studies using a different methodology should be conducted to understand what is considered, in different cultures, as deviating from the expectations of the individual's culture, and as a significant impairment in self and interpersonal functioning, as defined by the DSM-5.

Replicabilidad de los factores de segundo orden del 16PF-5 en muestras americanas y españolas

El objetivo de este estudio fue replicar las estructuras de 5 y 6 factores de segundo orden del 16PF-5. Para la estructura de 5 factores se toma como referencia teórica la estructura obtenida por Russell y Karol (1995), y para la estructura de 6 factores (incluyendo un factor adicional de Razonamiento) la obtenida en muestras americanas por Cattell y Cattell (1995). Se utilizan tres procedimientos para el estudio de la replicabilidad, a) análisis factorial exploratorio, b) análisis de la estructura ortogonal Procrustes, y c) análisis de los índices de congruencia entre las tres matrices factoriales. Las matrices factoriales obtenidas en el presente estudio son similares a las informadas en los estudios de referencia, aunque la solución Procrustes se revela ligeramente más parecida. Los índices de congruencia en ge- neral son aceptables por lo que se concluye que el 16PF-5 demuestra buena replicabilidad.

Differential associations of personal and general just-world beliefs with the Five-Factor and HEXACO models of personality.

Recent literature evidences differential associations of personal and general just-world beliefs with constructs in the interpersonal domain. In line with this research, we examine the respective relationships of each just-world belief with the Five-Factor and the HEXACO models of personality in one representative sample of the working population of Switzerland and one sample of the general US population, respectively. One suppressor effect was observed in both samples: Neuroticism and emotionality was positively associated with general just-world belief, but only after controlling for personal just-world belief. In addition, agreeableness was positively and honesty-humility negatively associated with general just-world belief but unrelated to personal just-world belief. Conscientiousness was consistently unrelated to any of the just-world belief and extraversion and openness to experience revealed unstable coefficients across studies. We discuss these points in light of just-world theory and their implications for future research taking both dimensions into account.

Calculations of Boiling Two-Phase Flow Using a Porous Media Model

Boiling two-phase flow and the equations governing the motion of fluid in two-phase flows are discussed in this thesis. Disposition of the governing equations in three-dimensional complex geometries is considered from the perspective of the porous medium concept. The equations governing motion in two-phase flows were formulated, discretized and implemented in a subroutine for pressure-velocity solution utilizing the SIMPLE algorithm modified for two-phase flow. The subroutine was included in PORFLO, which is a three-dimensional 5-equation porous media model developed at VTT by Jaakko Miettinen. The development of two-phase flow and the resulting void fraction distribution was predicted in a geometry resembling a section of BWR fuel bundle in a couple of test cases using PORFLO.

Classification, comorbidity, heredity, and risk factors of female sexual dysfunctions

Female sexual dysfunctions, including desire, arousal, orgasm and pain problems, have been shown to be highly prevalent among women around the world. The etiology of these dysfunctions is unclear but associations with health, age, psychological problems, and relationship factors have been identified. Genetic effects explain individual variation in orgasm function to some extent but until now quantitative behavior genetic analyses have not been applied to other sexual functions. In addition, behavior genetics can be applied to exploring the cause of any observed comorbidity between the dysfunctions. Discovering more about the etiology of the dysfunctions may further improve the classification systems which are currently under intense debate. The aims of the present thesis were to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Finnish-language version of a commonly used questionnaire for measuring female sexual function, the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), in order to investigate prevalence, comorbidity, and classification, and to explore the balance of genetic and environmental factors in the etiology as well as the associations of a number of biopsychosocial factors with female sexual functions. Female sexual functions were studied through survey methods in a population based sample of Finnish twins and their female siblings. There were two waves of data collection. The first data collection targeted 5,000 female twins aged 33–43 years and the second 7,680 female twins aged 18–33 and their over 18–year-old female siblings (n = 3,983). There was no overlap between the data collections. The combined overall response rate for both data collections was 53% (n = 8,868), with a better response rate in the second (57%) compared to the first (45%). In order to measure female sexual function, the FSFI was used. It includes 19 items which measure female sexual function during the previous four weeks in six subdomains; desire, subjective arousal, lubrication, orgasm, sexual satisfaction, and pain. In line with earlier research in clinical populations, a six factor solution of the Finnish-language version of the FSFI received supported. The internal consistencies of the scales were good to excellent. Some questions about how to avoid overestimating the prevalence of extreme dysfunctions due to women being allocated the score of zero if they had had no sexual activity during the preceding four weeks were raised. The prevalence of female sexual dysfunctions per se ranged from 11% for lubrication dysfunction to 55% for desire dysfunction. The prevalence rates for sexual dysfunction with concomitant sexual distress, in other words, sexual disorders were notably lower ranging from 7% for lubrication disorder to 23% for desire disorder. The comorbidity between the dysfunctions was substantial most notably between arousal and lubrication dysfunction even if these two dysfunctions showed distinct patterns of associations with the other dysfunctions. Genetic influences on individual variation in the six subdomains of FSFI were modest but significant ranging from 3–11% for additive genetic effects and 5–18% for nonadditive genetic effects. The rest of the variation in sexual functions was explained by nonshared environmental influences. A correlated factor model, including additive and nonadditive genetic effects and nonshared environmental effects had the best fit. All in all, every correlation between the genetic factors was significant except between lubrication and pain. All correlations between the nonshared environment factors were significant showing that there is a substantial overlap in genetic and nonshared environmental influences between the dysfunctions. In general, psychological problems, poor satisfaction with the relationship, sexual distress, and poor partner compatibility were associated with more sexual dysfunctions. Age was confounded with relationship length but had over and above relationship length a negative effect on desire and sexual satisfaction and a positive effect on orgasm and pain functions. Alcohol consumption in general was associated with better desire, arousal, lubrication, and orgasm function. Women pregnant with their first child had fewer pain problems than nulliparous nonpregnant women. Multiparous pregnant women had more orgasm problems compared to multiparous nonpregnant women. Having children was associated with less orgasm and pain problems. The conclusions were that desire, subjective arousal, lubrication, orgasm, sexual satisfaction, and pain are separate entities that have distinct associations with a number of different biopsychosocial factors. However, there is also considerable comorbidity between the dysfunctions which are explained by overlap in additive genetic, nonadditive genetic and nonshared environmental influences. Sexual dysfunctions are highly prevalent and are not always associated with sexual distress and this relationship might be moderated by a good relationship and compatibility with partner. Regarding classification, the results supports separate diagnoses for subjective arousal and genital arousal as well as the inclusion of pain under sexual dysfunctions.

Motivational model of problem drinking for men and women /

This thesis tested a path model of the relationships of reasons for drinking and reasons for limiting drinking with consumption of alcohol and drinking problems. It was hypothesized that reasons for drinking would be composed of positively and negatively reinforcing reasons, and that reasons for limiting drinking would be composed of personal and social reasons. Problem drinking was operationalized as consisting of two factors, consumption and drinking problems, with a positive relationship between the two. It was predicted that positively and negatively reinforcing reasons for drinking would be associated with heavier consumption and, in turn, more drinking problems, through level of consumption. Negatively reinforcing reasons were also predicted to be associated with drinking problems directly, independent of level of consumption. It was hypothesized that reasons for limiting drinking would be associated with lower levels of consumption and would be related to fewer drinking problems, through level of consumption. Finally, among women, reasons for limiting drinking were expected to be associated with drinking problems directly, independent of level of consumption. The sample, was taken from the second phase of the Niagara Young Aduh Health Study, a community sample of young adult men and women. Measurement models of reasons for drinking, reasons for limiting drinking, and problem drinking were tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. After adequate fit of each measurement model was obtained, the complete structural model, with all hypothesized paths, was tested for goodness of fit. Cross-group equality constraints were imposed on all models to test for gender differences. The results provided evidence supporting the hypothesized structure of reasons for drinking and problem drinking. A single factor model of reasons for limiting drinking was used in the analyses because a two-factor model was inadequate. Support was obtained for the structural model. For example, the resuhs revealed independent influences of Positively Reinforcing Reasons for Drinking, Negatively Reinforcing Reasons for Drinking, and Reasons for Limiting Drinking on consumption. In addition. Negatively Reinforcing Reasons helped to account for Drinking Problems independent of the amount of alcohol consumed. Although an additional path from Reasons for Limiting Drinking to Drinking Problems was hypothesized for women, it was of marginal significance and did not improve the model's fit. As a result, no sex differences in the model were found. This may be a result of the convergence of drinking patterns for men and women. Furthermore, it is suggested that gender differences may only be found in clinical samples of problem drinkers, where the relative level of consumption for women and men is similar.

Les manifestations subtiles du stress dans le continuum de la psychose

RÉSUMÉ L’étiologie de la schizophrénie est complexe et le modèle de vulnérabilité-stress (Nuechterlein & Dawson, 1984) propose que des facteurs de vulnérabilité d’ordre génétique combinés à une histoire environnementale de stress particulier pousseraient l’individu vers un état clinique de psychose. L’objectif principal de cette thèse est de mieux comprendre la réaction physiologique des personnes schizophrènes face à un stress psychologique, tout en conceptualisant les symptômes psychotiques comme faisant partie d’un continuum, plutôt que de les restreindre sur un plan catégoriel. Afin de faire la différence entre les patients schizophrènes et les individus de la population générale, au-delà de la sévérité de leurs symptômes psychotiques, leur réaction au stress est comparée et le phénomène de seuil critique dans la réaction de cortisol est exploré en tant que point décisif pouvant distinguer entre les deux groupes. La première étude de cette thèse (Brenner et al., 2007) examine la fiabilité, la validité et la structure factorielle du Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) (Stefanis et al., 2002), avec un échantillon francophone et anglophone de la population nord américaine, un questionnaire auto-administré de 42 items qui évalue les expériences quasi-psychotiques présentes dans la population générale : des symptômes positifs (ou psychotiques), négatifs (ou végétatifs) et dépressifs. Ce questionnaire a été complété par un échantillon de 2 275 personnes de la population montréalaise. Les résultats appuient la consistance interne des 3 sous-échelles originales. De plus, l’analyse factorielle exploratoire suggère des solutions de 3-5 facteurs, où les solutions à 4 et 5 facteurs proposent de séparer les symptômes positifs en sous-catégories plus spécifiques. Finalement, cette étude suggère une version plus courte du CAPE, avec seulement 23 items, tout en préservant les mêmes trois échelles originales. La toile de fond de cet article confirme l’existence du phénomène du continuum de la psychose, où une variation de symptômes psychotiques peut se retrouver aussi bien dans la population générale que dans la population clinique. Dans une deuxième étude (Brenner et al., 2009), cette thèse examine à quel point la réponse de l’hormone de stress, le cortisol, à un test de stress psychosocial nommé le Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) (Kirschbaum, Pirke, & Hellhammer, 1993), peut établir une différence entre les sujets témoins et les patients schizophrènes, tout en contrôlant des variables importantes. Un groupe de 30 personnes schizophrènes et un groupe de 30 sujets de la population générale, recrutés lors de la première étude de cette thèse, ont participé à cette recherche qui est construite selon un plan expérimental. Le groupe témoin inclut des personnes légèrement symptomatiques et un chevauchement des scores psychotiques existe entre les deux groupes. Suite au stresseur, les deux groupes démontrent une augmentation significative de leur rythme cardiaque et de leur pression artérielle. Cependant, leur réponse de cortisol a tendance à différer : les patients schizophrènes présentent une réponse de cortisol plus petite que celle des témoins, mais en atteignant un seuil statistique significatif seulement à la mesure qui suit immédiatement le stresseur. Ces résultats significatifs sont obtenus en contrôlant pour la sévérité des symptômes positifs, un facteur discriminant significatif entre les deux groupes. Ainsi, le niveau de cortisol mesuré immédiatement après le stresseur se révèle être un marqueur de seuil critique pouvant établir une distinction entre les deux groupes. Aussi, leur réponse de cortisol maximale a tendance à apparaître plus tard que chez les sujets témoins. De façon générale, la réaction au stress des deux groupes étudiés est un autre moyen d’observer la continuité d’un comportement présent chez les individus, jusqu’à ce qu’un seuil critique soit atteint. Ainsi, il est possible de trancher, à un moment donné, entre psychose clinique ou absence de diagnostic.

Robust Factor Analysis for Compositional Data

Factor analysis as frequent technique for multivariate data inspection is widely used also for compositional data analysis. The usual way is to use a centered logratio (clr) transformation to obtain the random vector y of dimension D. The factor model is then y = Λf + e (1) with the factors f of dimension k < D, the error term e, and the loadings matrix Λ. Using the usual model assumptions (see, e.g., Basilevsky, 1994), the factor analysis model (1) can be written as Cov(y) = ΛΛT + ψ (2) where ψ = Cov(e) has a diagonal form. The diagonal elements of ψ as well as the loadings matrix Λ are estimated from an estimation of Cov(y). Given observed clr transformed data Y as realizations of the random vector y. Outliers or deviations from the idealized model assumptions of factor analysis can severely effect the parameter estimation. As a way out, robust estimation of the covariance matrix of Y will lead to robust estimates of Λ and ψ in (2), see Pison et al. (2003). Well known robust covariance estimators with good statistical properties, like the MCD or the S-estimators (see, e.g. Maronna et al., 2006), rely on a full-rank data matrix Y which is not the case for clr transformed data (see, e.g., Aitchison, 1986). The isometric logratio (ilr) transformation (Egozcue et al., 2003) solves this singularity problem. The data matrix Y is transformed to a matrix Z by using an orthonormal basis of lower dimension. Using the ilr transformed data, a robust covariance matrix C(Z) can be estimated. The result can be back-transformed to the clr space by C(Y ) = V C(Z)V T where the matrix V with orthonormal columns comes from the relation between the clr and the ilr transformation. Now the parameters in the model (2) can be estimated (Basilevsky, 1994) and the results have a direct interpretation since the links to the original variables are still preserved. The above procedure will be applied to data from geochemistry. Our special interest is on comparing the results with those of Reimann et al. (2002) for the Kola project data

Valoración del costo de los recursos propios de las empresas. caso particular: empresas de servicios a la persona en Francia

El WACC o Coste Medio Ponderado de Capital es la tasa a la que se deben descontar los flujos para evaluar un proyecto o empresa. Para calcular esta tasa es necesario determinar el costo de la deuda y el costo de los recursos propios de la compañía; el costo de la deuda es la tasa actual del mercado que la empresa está pagando por su deuda, sin embargo el costo de los recursos propios podría ser difícil y más complejo de estimar ya que no existe un costo explícito. En este trabajo se presenta un panorama de las teorías propuestas a lo largo de la historia para calcular el costo de los recursos propios. Como caso particular, se estimará el costo de los recursos propios sin apalancamiento financiero de seis empresas francesas que no cotizan en bolsa y pertenecientes al sector de Servicios a la Persona (SAP). Para lograr lo anterior, se utilizará el Proceso de Análisis Jerárquico (AHP) y el Modelo de Valoración del Precio de los Activos Financieros (CAPM) con base en lo presentado por Martha Pachón (2013) en “Modelo alternativo para calcular el costo de los recursos propios”.

Estructura a Plazo Colombia: Modelo Afín de tres factores

La estimación e interpretación de la estructura a plazo de la tasas de interés es de gran relevancia porque permite realizar pronósticos, es fundamental para la toma de decisiones de política monetaria y fiscal, es esencial en la administración de riesgos y es insumo para la valoración de diferentes activos financieros. Por estas razones, es necesario entender que puede provocar un movimiento en la estructura a plazo. En este trabajo se estiman un modelo afín exponencial de tres factores aplicado a los rendimientos de los títulos en pesos de deuda pública colombianos. Los factores estimados son la tasa corta, la media de largo plazo de la tasa corta y la volatilidad de la tasa corta. La estimación se realiza para el periodo enero 2010 a mayo de 2015 y se realiza un análisis de correlaciones entre los tres factores. Posterior a esto, con los factores estimados se realiza una regresión para identificar la importancia que tiene cada uno de estos en el comportamiento de las tasas de los títulos de deuda pública colombiana para diferentes plazos al vencimiento. Finalmente, se estima la estructura a plazo de las tasas de interés para Colombia y se identifica la relación de los factores estimados con los encontrados por Litterman y Scheinkman [1991] correspondientes al nivel, pendiente y curvatura.

Nova Talenta: 2014-2015

Contenido Introducción 1. Inteligencia emocional, liderazgo transformacional y género: factores que influencian el desempeño organizacional / Ana María Galindo Londoño, Sara Urrego Mayorga; Director: Juan Carlos Espinosa Méndez. 2. El rol de la mujer en el liderazgo / Andrea Patricia Cuestas Díaz; Directora: Francoise Venezia Contreras Torres. 3. Liderazgo transformacional, clima organizacional, satisfacción laboral y desempeño. Una revisión de la literatura / Juliana Restrepo Orozco, Ángela Marcela Ochoa Rodríguez; Directora: Françoise Venezia Contreras Torres. 4. “E-Leadership” una perspectiva al mundo de las compañías globalizadas / Ángela Beatriz Morales Morales, Mónica Natalia Aguilera Velandia; Director: Juan Carlos Espinosa. 5. Liderazgo y cultura. Una revisión / Daniel Alejandro Romero Galindo; Directora: Francoise Venezia Contreras Torres. 6. La investigación sobre la naturaleza del trabajo directivo: una revisión de la literatura / Julián Felipe Rodríguez Rivera, María Isabel Álvarez Rodríguez; Director: Juan Javier Saavedra Mayorga. 7. La mujer en la alta dirección en el contexto colombiano / Ana María Moreno, Juliana Moreno Jaramillo ; Directora: Françoise Venezia Contreras Torres. 8. Influencia de la personalidad en el discurso y liderazgo de George W. Bush después del 11 de septiembre de 2011 / Karen Eliana Mesa Torres; Director: Juan Carlos Espinosa. 9. La investigación sobre el campo del followership: una revisión de la literatura / Christian D. Báez Millán, Leidy J. Pinzón Porras; Director: Juan Javier Saavedra Mayorga. 10. El liderazgo desde la perspectiva del poder y la influencia. Una revisión de la literatura / Lina María García, Juan Sebastián Naranjo; Director: Juan Javier Saavedra Mayorga. 11. El trabajo directivo para líderes y gerentes: una visión integradora de los roles organizacionales / Lina Marcela Escobar Campos, Daniel Mora Barrero; Director: Rafael Piñeros. 12. Participación emocional en la toma de decisiones / Lina Rocío Poveda C., Gloria Johanna Rueda L.; Directora: Francoise Contreras T. 13. Estrés y su relación con el liderazgo / María Camila García Sierra, Diana Paola Rocha Cárdenas; Director: Juan Carlos Espinosa. 14. “Burnout y engagement” / María Paola Jaramillo Barrios, Natalia Rojas Mancipe; Director: Rafael Piñeros.

Antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory indices and lifestyle factors in older men: a cohort analysis

We examined the relationship between blood antioxidant enzyme activities, indices of inflammatory status and a number of lifestyle factors in the Caerphilly prospective cohort study of ischaemic heart disease. The study began in 1979 and is based on a representative male population sample. Initially 2512 men were seen in phase I, and followed-up every 5 years in phases II and III; they have recently been seen in phase IV. Data on social class, smoking habit, alcohol consumption were obtained by questionnaire, and body mass index was measured. Antioxidant enzyme activities and indices of inflammatory status were estimated by standard techniques. Significant associations were observed for: age with α-1-antichymotrypsin (p<0.0001) and with caeruloplasmin, both protein and oxidase (p<0.0001); smoking habit with α-1-antichymotrypsin (p<0.0001), with caeruloplasmin, both protein and oxidase (p<0.0001) and with glutathione peroxidose (GPX) (p<0.0001); social class with α-1-antichymotrypsin (p<0.0001), with caeruloplasmin both protein (p<0.001) and oxidase (p<0.01) and with GPX (p<0.0001); body mass index with α-1-antichymotrypsin (p<0.0001) and with caeruloplasmin protein (p<0.001). There was no significant association between alcohol consumption and any of the blood enzymes measured. Factor analysis produced a three-factor model (explaining 65.9% of the variation in the data set) which appeared to indicate close inter-relationships among antioxidants.

Continuity of care for people with psychotic illness: its relationship to clinical and social functioning.

Background: The relationship between continuity of care and user characteristics or outcomes has rarely been explored. The ECHO study operationalized and tested a multi-axial definition of continuity of care, producing a seven-factor model used here. Aims: To assess the relationship between user characteristics and established components of continuity of care, and the impact of continuity on clinical and social functioning. Methods: The sample comprised 180 community mental health team users with psychotic disorders who were interviewed at three annual time-points, to assess their experiences of continuity of care and clinical and social functioning. Scores on seven continuity factors were tested for association with user-level variables. Results: Improvement in quality of life was associated with better Experience & Relationship continuity scores (better user-rated continuity and therapeutic relationship) and with lower Meeting Needs continuity factor scores. Higher Meeting Needs scores were associated with a decrease in symptoms. Conclusion: Continuity is a dynamic process, influenced significantly by care structures and organizational change.

Realism of rainfall in a very high-resolution regional climate model

The realistic representation of rainfall on the local scale in climate models remains a key challenge. Realism encompasses the full spatial and temporal structure of rainfall, and is a key indicator of model skill in representing the underlying processes. In particular, if rainfall is more realistic in a climate model, there is greater confidence in its projections of future change. In this study, the realism of rainfall in a very high-resolution (1.5 km) regional climate model (RCM) is compared to a coarser-resolution 12-km RCM. This is the first time a convection-permitting model has been run for an extended period (1989–2008) over a region of the United Kingdom, allowing the characteristics of rainfall to be evaluated in a climatological sense. In particular, the duration and spatial extent of hourly rainfall across the southern United Kingdom is examined, with a key focus on heavy rainfall. Rainfall in the 1.5-km RCM is found to be much more realistic than in the 12-km RCM. In the 12-km RCM, heavy rain events are not heavy enough, and tend to be too persistent and widespread. While the 1.5-km model does have a tendency for heavy rain to be too intense, it still gives a much better representation of its duration and spatial extent. Long-standing problems in climate models, such as the tendency for too much persistent light rain and errors in the diurnal cycle, are also considerably reduced in the 1.5-km RCM. Biases in the 12-km RCM appear to be linked to deficiencies in the representation of convection.

A METHOD FOR THE STUDY OF ACCRETION DISK EMISSION IN CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES. I. THE MODEL

We have developed a spectrum synthesis method for modeling the ultraviolet (UV) emission from the accretion disk from cataclysmic variables (CVs). The disk is separated into concentric rings, with an internal structure from the Wade & Hubeny disk-atmosphere models. For each ring, a wind atmosphere is calculated in the comoving frame with a vertical velocity structure obtained from a solution of the Euler equation. Using simple assumptions, regarding rotation and the wind streamlines, these one-dimensional models are combined into a single 2.5-dimensional model for which we compute synthetic spectra. We find that the resulting line and continuum behavior as a function of the orbital inclination is consistent with the observations, and verify that the accretion rate affects the wind temperature, leading to corresponding trends in the intensity of UV lines. In general, we also find that the primary mass has a strong effect on the P Cygni absorption profiles, the synthetic emission line profiles are strongly sensitive to the wind temperature structure, and an increase in the mass-loss rate enhances the resonance line intensities. Synthetic spectra were compared with UV data for two high orbital inclination nova-like CVs-RW Tri and V347 Pup. We needed to include disk regions with arbitrary enhanced mass loss to reproduce reasonably well widths and line profiles. This fact and a lack of flux in some high ionization lines may be the signature of the presence of density-enhanced regions in the wind, or alternatively, may result from inadequacies in some of our simplifying assumptions.