O Hoshin Kanri como instrumento de alinhamento estratégico : Estudo de caso : Serviços sociais da Guarda Nacional Republicana

O presente trabalho de investigação aplicado é subordinado à área de conhecimento de Gestão Estratégica e intitulado “O Hoshin Kanri como Instrumento de Alinhamento Estratégico. Estudo de Caso: Serviços Sociais da Guarda Nacional Republicana”. Apesar de se tratar de um modelo bastante recente, sem exploração académica ou exemplos de aplicação em outras instituições de natureza pública, identificamos de forma prévia o modo como o Hoshin Kanri, quando em complemento do Balanced Scorecard, pode contribuir para potenciar a gestão organizacional e, numa segunda fase, perspetivar a sua aplicação aos Serviços Sociais da Guarda Nacional Republicana. Na investigação que conduzimos, utilizámos o método hipotético-dedutivo e o método inquisitivo, tivemos em conta três fases distintas, embora complementares: exploratória, analítica e conclusiva. Ao longo destas fases, recorreu-se à análise documental, entrevistas, inquéritos por questionários na recolha e análise de informação. Desta forma, verificou-se que as chefias de topo dos Serviços Sociais da Guarda Nacional Republicana vêm uma oportunidade na implementação do Hoshin Kanri, enquanto modelo com grandes potencialidades que permite o desdobramento da estratégia conceptualizada pelo Balanced Scorecard e, consequentemente, um alinhamento mais estreito entre os vários níveis de gestão, privilegiando o acompanhamento e controlo necessário à adoção atempada de medidas corretivas. O estudo realizado permitiu ainda perceber que a sua implementação depende essencialmente da dinâmica interna daquele Serviço e não de condicionantes externas, o que constitui um indicador bastante positivo se considerarmos a sua introdução prioritária. Resulta da simbiose entre o Balanced Scorecard e o Hoshin Kanri a definição da rota estratégica e a sua execução prática, o que permite perspetivar uma melhoria dos resultados alcançados. Desta interação e complementaridade poderá advir a necessidade de ajustamento ou revisão da estratégia organizacional alavancando a performance institucional. Nesse desiderato, construímos e apresentamos um modelo conceptual resultante da aplicação do Balanced Scorecard e do Hoshin Kanri à realidade da Instituição.

Cost-Effectiveness of Rotavirus Vaccination for Under-Five Children in Iran

Background: Rotavirus diarrhea is one of the most important causes of death among under-five children. Anti-rotavirus vaccination of these children may have a reducing effect on the disease. Objectives: this study is intended to contribute to health policy-makers of the country about the optimal decision and policy development in this area, by performing cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis on anti-rotavirus vaccination for under-5 children. Patients and Methods: A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed using a decision tree model to analyze rotavirus vaccination, which was compared with no vaccination with Iran’s ministry of health perspective in a 5-year time horizon. Epidemiological data were collected from published and unpublished sources. Four different assumptions were considered to the extent of the disease episode. To analyze costs, the costs of implementing the vaccination program were calculated with 98% coverage and the cost of USD 7 per dose. Medical and social costs of the disease were evaluated by sampling patients with rotavirus diarrhea, and sensitivity analysis was also performed for different episode rates and vaccine price per dose. Results: For the most optimistic assumption for the episode of illness (10.2 per year), the cost per DALY averted is 12,760 and 7,404 for RotaTeq and Rotarix vaccines, respectively, while assuming the episode of illness is 300%, they will be equal to 2,395 and 354, respectively, which will be highly cost-effective. Number of life-years gained is equal to 3,533 years. Conclusions: Assuming that the illness episodes are 100% and 300% for Rotarix and 300% for Rota Teq, the ratio of cost per DALY averted is highly cost-effective, based on the threshold of the world health organization (< 1 GDP per capita = 4526 USD). The implementation of a national rotavirus vaccination program is suggested.

Poemas de Lety Elvir

- La historia rota- El amor existe- Murallas de amor- Debajo de un manzano te desnudé

Cuminum cyminum Linn (Apiaceae) extract attenuates MPTP-induced oxidative stress and behavioral impairments in mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

Purpose: To evaluate the protective effects of Cuminum cyminum Linn (Apiaceae, CCY) against 1- methyl-4 phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced oxidative stress and behavioral impairments in mouse model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: MPTP-intoxicated mice model of PD was used for evaluating the effect of CCY extract on behavioral deficits through rota rod, passive avoidance and open field tasks. The effect of CCY extract on oxidative stress levels were assessed by estimating enzyme status, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and lipid peroxidation(LPO) in brain tissues of MPTP-induced mice. Results: MPTP (25 mg/kg, i.p.)-treated mice resulted in a significant (p < 0.001) behavioral deficit in locomotor behavior (from 56.24 ± 1.21 to 27.64 ± 0.94) and cognitive functions (from 298 ± 3.68 s to 207.28 ± 4.12 s) compared with their respective control groups. Administration of CCY extract (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) for three weeks significantly and dose-dependently improved (p < 0.001 at 300 mg/kg) locomotor and cognitive deficits in MPTP-treated mice. CCY treatment also significantly (p < 0.001 at 300 mg/kg) inhibited MPTP-induced decrease in antioxidant enzyme levels (superoxide dismutase and catalase) and lipid peroxides in mice brain tissues. Conclusion: CCY extract exhibits strong protection against MPTP-induced behavioral deficit through enhancement of antioxidant defense mechanisms. Therefore, CCY may be developed as a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of neurodegeneration seen in PD.

Anti-anxiety effect of methanol extract of Pericarpium zanthoxyli using a strychnine-sensitive glycine receptor model

Purpose: To determine if the methanol extract of Pericarpium zanthoxyli exerts anti-anxiety effects and also to explore any probable anti-anxiety mechanism in vivo. Methods: The staircase test, elevated plus maze test, rota-rod treadmill test and convulsions induced by strychnine and picrotoxin on mice were tested to identify potential mechanism of anti-anxiety activity of the plant extract. Results: The plant extract (10 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced rearing numbers in the staircase test while it increased the time spent in the open arms as well as the number of entries to the open arms in the elevated plus maze test, suggesting that it has significant anti-anxiety activity. Furthermore, the extract inhibited strychnine-induced convulsion. However, it had little effect on picrotoxin-induced convulsion, suggesting that its anti-anxiety activity may be linked to strychnine-sensitive glycine receptor and not GABA receptor. Conclusion: These results suggest that the Pericarpium zanthoxyli extract may be beneficial for the control of anxiety.

Biodegradação de óleo essencial de Citrus latifólia Tanaka (limão Tahiti).

2009

Qualidade de castanhas-do-brasil Bertholletia excelsa H. (Lecythidaceae) cultivadas em três diferentes áreas de Roraima.

2014