Reconèixer per ser reconegut. Coneixements lingüístics per a l'acollida de nouvinguts

La gran diversitat lingüística i cultural present en la nostra societat sovint no s'ha fet gaire visible. Determinats aspectes més aparents, com la nacionalitat, imposen estereotips que amaguen realitats complexes. D'altra banda, persisteix una actitud assimiladora basada en la idea que la integració ha de voler dir la renúncia a bona part del bagatge cultural dels nouvinguts. Tanmateix, Catalunya té una llengua molt poc coneguda en altres societats, i per això la consciència que és important reconèixer l'altre aquí és molt habitual: la nacionalitat diu massa poc de nosaltres, i el mateix passa amb molts altres. Aquest projecte de recerca pretén reunir en format de fitxes una sèrie de dades molt bàsiques, especialment sobre la diversitat lingüística, i oferirles a qualsevol persona que tingui contacte amb persones immigrades per tal de posar a disposició algun element senzill que permeti expressar reconeixement i sensibilitat cap a la diversitat.

Canvi de representacions lingüístiques de parlants al·loglots per contacte amb la situació lingüística catalana

Mitjançant una metodologia qualitativa basada en entrevistes obertes en profunditat, l'article pretén mostrar exemples de projecció de representacions lingüístiques de parlants provinents d'altres àrees lingüístiques sobre la situació sociolingüística del català. S'observen diferents aspectes d'aquestes representacions i es constata que hi ha nombrosos fenòmens de reinterpretació de la pròpia llengua i de la situació sociolingüística d'origen a partir de l'experiència amb el català. Així mateix, es veu com les llengües com el català, amb capacitat identitària, es constitueixen en elements clau tant d'integració en una nova comunitat com de valoració de la pròpia herència cultural i lingüística, especialment en els casos de llengües minoritzades.

Las competencias genéricas en el Grado de Derecho y su evaluación

[spa] El presente estudio versa sobre la evaluación de competencias transversales en el Grado de Derecho a través del uso del portafolio digital. A tal fin son definidos los objetivos a alcanzar, las fases en su aplicación; la selección de las competencias a evaluar, así como una tabla de equivalencias entre actividades y competencias. Dicho portafolio electrónico nos ha permitido hacer el seguimiento, monitorización y evaluación de las competencias de los estudiantes. Se ha escogido deliberadamente llevar a cabo únicamente la evaluación de las competencias genéricas o transversales. La implantación del portafolio se ha hecho como experiencia piloto en un grupo de 90 estudiantes de doble titulación en la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de Barcelona.

The Arts (Music, Arts&Crafts and Drama) as a procedure for learning pre-school content: Grupo Edebé Project

There is nothing as amazing and fascinating as children learning process. Between 0 and 6 years old, a child brain develops in a waythat will never be repeated. At this age, children are eager to discover and they have great potential of active and affective life.Because of this, their learning capacity in this period is incalculable. (Jordan-Decarbo y Nelson, 2002; Wild, 1999).Pre-school Education is a unique and special stage, with self identity, which aims are:attending children as a whole,motivate them to learn,give them an affective and stable environment in which they can grow up and get to be balanced and confident people and inwhich they can relate to others, learn, enjoy and be happy.Arts, Music, Visual Arts and Drama (Gardner, 1994) can provide a framework of special, even unique, personal expression.With the aim of introducing qualitative improvements in the education of children and to ensure their emotional wellbeing, and havingnoticed that teachers had important needs and concerns as regards to diversity in their student groups, we developed a programbased on the detection of needs and concerns explained by professionals in education.This program of Grupo edebé, object of our research, is a multicultural, interdisciplinary and globalizing project the aims of which are:developing children's talent and personality,keeping their imagination and creativity and using these as a learning resource,promoting reasoning, favouring expression and communication,providing children with the tools to manage their emotions,and especially, introducing Arts as a procedure to increase learning.We wanted to start the research by studying the impact (Brice, 2003) that this last point had on the learning of five-year-old childrenschooled in multicultural environments.Therefore, the main goal of the research was the assessment of the implementation of a child education programme attending todiversity in a population of five-year-old children, specifically in the practice of procedures based on the use of Arts (music, arts andcrafts and theatre) as a vehicle or procedure for learning contents in Pre-school stage.Because children emotional welfare was a subject of our concern, and bearing in mind that the affective aspects are of vitalimportance for learning and child development (Parke and Gauvain, 2009), Grupo Edebé has also evaluated the starting, evolving andfinal impact in five-year-old children given that they finish Pre-school education at that age.

Las artes (Música, Plástica y Teatro) como procedimiento para el aprendizaje de contenidos propios de la Etapa Infantil

En la educación infantil las artes (Gardner, 1994; Wild, 1999 Jordan-Decarbo y Nelson, 2002) pueden proporcionar un marco especial, incluso único, de expresión personal, tanto para el maestro/a como para el niño/a y pueden ser usadas de igual forma como procedimiento o como fin en sí mismo, atendiendo a la diversidad con sus distintas fortalezas (Brice, 2003). El principal objetivo de la presente investigación es: Evaluar la implementación de un programa de educación con población infantil (5 años), poniendo en práctica procedimientos basados en la utilización de las artes, como vehículo de aprendizaje para contenidos propios de la etapa -lógica, cantidad, forma, grafomotricidad y conocimiento del entorno-.Ya que los aspectos afectivos son de vital importancia para el aprendizaje y desarrollo del niño (Parke y Gauvain, 2009), hemos evaluado el impacto inicial, procesual y final a la implementación del programa en el estado emocional del niño de cinco años, ya que a esa edad finaliza la etapa infantil.Metodológicamente nos acogemos al modelo de investigación evaluativa participativa, ya que nuestras pretensiones son valorar la eficacia de la implementación de un elemento, proceso o programa educativo (Sandín, 2003). La muestra está constituida por 100 niños y niñas de Madrid y Barcelona de edades comprendidas entre cinco y seis años. Los instrumentos utilizados para la recogida de los datos han sido: el test del Dibujo la Figura Humana (Koppitz, 2010), una pauta de observación sistematizada y una entrevista estructurada abierta.Los resultados obtenidos certifican los efectos positivos del programa implementado, concluyendo que la incidencia emocional ha resultado significativamente beneficiosa para una gran parte del conjunto de la muestra (81,2%), mejorando con respecto al primer periodo concretamente en estabilidad emocional y autoestima.

Transmission electron microscopy in cell biology: sample preparation techniques and image information

Transmission electron microscopy is a proven technique in the field of cell biology and a very useful tool in biomedical research. Innovation and improvements in equipment together with the introduction of new technology have allowed us to improve our knowledge of biological tissues, to visualizestructures better and both to identify and to locate molecules. Of all the types ofmicroscopy exploited to date, electron microscopy is the one with the mostadvantageous resolution limit and therefore it is a very efficient technique fordeciphering the cell architecture and relating it to function. This chapter aims toprovide an overview of the most important techniques that we can apply to abiological sample, tissue or cells, to observe it with an electron microscope, fromthe most conventional to the latest generation. Processes and concepts aredefined, and the advantages and disadvantages of each technique are assessedalong with the image and information that we can obtain by using each one ofthem.

Recent trends in colorectal cancer mortality in Europe.

Colorectal cancer mortality has been declining over the last two decades in Europe, particularly in women, the trends being, however, different across countries and age groups. We updated to 2007 colorectal cancer mortality trends in Europe using data from the World Health Organization (WHO). Rates were analyzed for the overall population and separately in young, middle-age and elderly populations. In the European Union (EU), between 1997 and 2007 mortality from colorectal cancer declined by around 2% per year, from 19.7 to 17.4/100,000 men (world standardized rates) and from 12.5 to 10.5/100,000 women. Persisting favorable trends were observed in countries of western and northern Europe, while there were more recent declines in several countries of eastern Europe, including the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia particularly in women (but not Romania and the Russian Federation). In 2007, a substantial excess in colorectal cancer mortality was still observed in Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, the Czech Republic and Slovenia in men (rates over 25/100,000), and in Hungary, Norway, Denmark and Slovakia in women (rates over 14/100,000). Colorectal mortality trends were more favorable in the young (30-49 years) from most European countries, with a decline of ∼2% per year since the early 1990s in both men and women from the EU. The recent decreases in colorectal mortality rates in several European countries are likely due to improvements in (early) diagnosis and treatment, with a consequent higher survival from the disease. Interventions to further reduce colorectal cancer burden are, however, still warranted, particularly in eastern European countries.

Advanced applications of scanning electron microscopy in geology

Nowadays Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is a basic and fundamental tool in the study of geologic samples. The collision of a highlyaccelerated electron beam with the atoms of a solid sample results in theproduction of several radiation types than can be detected and analysed byspecific detectors, providing information of the chemistry and crystallography ofthe studied material. From this point of view, the chamber of a SEM can beconsidered as a laboratory where different experiments can be carried out. Theapplication of SEM to geology, especially in the fields of mineralogy andpetrology has been summarised by Reed (1996).The aim of this paper is to showsome recent applications in the characterization of geologic materials.

Biomedical and biological applications of scanning electron microscopy

This article summarizes the basic principles of scanning electron microscopy and the capabilities of the technique with different examples ofapplications in biomedical and biological research.