Forno solar com lentes de Fresnel e aplicações em laser solar

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Física

Customer Lifetime Value: a framework for application in the insurance industry - Building a Business Process to Generate and Maintain an Automatic Estimation Agent

Research Project submited as partial fulfilment for the Master Degree in Statistics and Information Management

Evaluation of platelet number and function and fibrinogen level in patients bitten by snakes of the Bothrops genus

Platelet function and plasma fibrinogen levels were evaluated in 14 patients, 10 males and 4females, aged 13-59years bitten by Bothrops genus snakes. There was a statistical difference (p < 0.05) among plasma fibrinogen levels evaluated 24 and 48 hours after envenomation. There was a tendency towards normalization after 48 hours of treatment. The low platelet number was clear in 24-48 hour evaluations with a tendency towards normalization after 48 hours of treatment (p<0.05). Fibrinogen levels and fibrin degradation product (FDP) levels appeared to be altered in 83.33% of patients evaluated. The authors suggest that platelet hypoaggregation is related to decreased fibrinogen and increased FDP levels.

Modelação numérica da agitação marítima: o caso do terminal XXI do Porto de Sines

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Optimização e construção de sistemas de laser solar

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Física

Potential of CPV receivers integrating screen-printed solar cells

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Energias Renováveis – Conversão Eléctrica e Utilização Sustentável

Multiresponsive supramolecular systems for information processing at the molecular level

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Química Sustentável

Cost efficiency in the Portuguese water sector: The case of multimunicipal systems operating at the bulk level

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Cereals and children: A study of their lifetime relation

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Avaliação económica de um projecto de investimento num sistema de retorno de gases num Terminal Portuário

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial

Laser solar de Nd: YAG bombeado por guias de onda

São propostas novas cavidades de bombeamento para lasers solares do estado sólido de Nd: YAG com o objectivo de melhorar a potência laser de saída e eficiência de bombeamento. São implementados quatro sistemas de guias de onda, um dos sistemas é simétrico e bombeado lateralmente, sendo os restantes três sistemas bombeados lateralmente e pela extremidade. A influência da geometria dos guias de onda no desempenho do bombeamento, o perfil do feixe à saída dos guias e a absorção por parte do cristal de Nd:YAG são optimizados minuciosamente, sendo modelados através do software Zemax. A cavidade de ressonância e as características do feixe são modelados em Lascad. Construíram-se e testaram-se três guias de onda de secção, octogonal, cilíndrica e quadrada. A potência laser multimodo para o sistema ótico bombeado por guia de onda cilíndrica de 20mm de diâmetro e concentrador cónico, foi de 21W, representando uma eficiência de colecção de 11.6W/m2, apresentando um erro de colecção para ΔX=1.3mm de 4.4%.

Seasonal profile and level of CD4+ lymphocytes in the occurrence of cryptosporidiosis and cystoisosporidiosis in HIV/AIDS patients in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Brazil

Patients with AIDS are particularly susceptible to infection with intestinal coccidia. In this study the prevalence of infections with Cryptosporidium sp and Cystoisospora belli were evaluated among HIV/AIDS patients in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Brazil. Between July 1993 and June 2003 faecal samples from 359 patients were collected and stained by a modified Ziehl-Neelsen method, resulting in 19.7% of positivity for coccidian (8.6% with Cryptosporidium sp, 10.3% with Cystoisospora belli and 0.8% with both coccidian). Patients with diarrhoea and T CD4+ lymphocyte levels < 200 cells/mm3 presented higher frequency of these protozoans, demonstrating the opportunistic profile of these infections and its relationship with the immunological status of the individual. It was not possible to determine the influence of HAART, since only 8.5% of the patients positive for coccidian received this therapy regularly. Parasitism by Cryptosporidium sp was more frequent between December and February and thus was characterised by a seasonal pattern of infection, which was not observed with Cystoisospora belli.

Clinical and radiographic features of HIV-related pulmonary tuberculosis according to the level of immunosuppression

Medical charts and radiographs from 38 HIV-infected patients with positive cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage were reviewed in order to compare the clinical, radiographic, and sputum bacilloscopy characteristics of HIV-infected patients with pulmonary tuberculosis according to CD4+ lymphocyte count (CD4). The mean age of the patients was 32 years and 76% were male. The median CD4 was 106 cells/mm³ and 71% had CD4 < 200 cells/mm³. Sputum bacilloscopy was positive in 45% of the patients. Patients with CD4 < 200 cells/mm³ showed significantly less post-primary pattern (7% vs. 63%; p = 0.02) and more frequently reported weight loss (p = 0.04). Although not statistically significant, patients with lower CD4 showed lower positivity of sputum bacilloscopy (37% vs. 64%; p = 0.18). HIV-infected patients with culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis had a high proportion of non-post-primary pattern in thoracic radiographs. Patients with CD4 lower than 200 cells/mm³ showed post-primary patterns less frequently and reported weight loss more frequently.

Hydrogen permeation in parabolic trough receivers

The continued economic and population development puts additional pressure on the already scarce energetic sources. Thus there is a growing urge to adopt a sustainable plan able to meet the present and future energetic demands. Since the last two decades, solar trough technology has been demonstrating to be a reliable alternative to fossil fuels. Currently, the trough industry seeks, by optimizing energy conversion, to drive the cost of electricity down and therefore to place itself as main player in the next energetic age. One of the issues that lately have gained considerable relevance came from the observation of significant heat losses in a large number of receiver modules. These heat losses were attributed to slow permeation of traces of hydrogen gas through the steel tube wall into the vacuum annulus. The presence of hydrogen gas in the absorber tube results from the decomposition of heat transfer fluid due to the long-term exposure to 400°C. The permeated hydrogen acts as heat conduction mean leading to a decrease in the receivers performance and thus its lifetime. In order to prevent hydrogen accumulation, it has been common practice to incorporate hydrogen getters in the vacuum annulus of the receivers. Nevertheless these materials are not only expensive but their gas absorbing capacity can be insufficient to assure the required level of vacuum for the receivers to function. In this work the building of a permeation measurement device, vulnerabilities detected in the construction process and its overcome are described. Furthermore an experimental procedure was optimized and the obtained permeability results, of different samples were evaluated. The data was compared to measurements performed by an external entity. The reliability of the comparative data was also addressed. In the end conclusions on the permeability results for the different samples characteristics, feasibility of the measurement device are drawn and recommendations on future line of work were made.

Optimização energética no terminal portuário do complexo petroquímico de Sines

Actualmente a indústria petroquímica é cada vez mais confrontada com a necessidade de poupança de custos. O presente trabalho surge dessa mesma necessidade e foi desenvolvido, no âmbito de um estágio curricular, no Complexo Petroquímico da Repsol, em Sines, durante um período de seis meses. O principal objectivo do estágio foi a optimização energética dos períodos diários de envio de etileno, dentro do complexo, bem como a avaliação energética dos sistemas de refrigeração, no terminal portuário, tendo-se utilizado o software Aspen HYSYS como simulador dos processos. Essa avaliação energética consistiu no cálculo dos coeficientes de performance e das eficiências dos vários compressores, tendo-se verificado que ambos os parâmetros encontram-se abaixo das condições de design para todos os processos, com a excepção do coeficiente de performance do sistema de refrigeração do 1,3-butadieno. Foram desenvolvidas ferramentas em excel que permitem a avaliação em tempo real da eficiência dos vários sistemas de refrigeração, que pode ser usada na sua optimização, ajustando as eficiências reais às de design. Foram estudados dois projectos a implementar no terminal portuário: um sobre a implementação de variadores de frequência nas liquefacções de etileno, que permitirá uma poupança de 62 kW-h/t de etileno recebida, e outro projecto sobre a instalação de um permutador refrigerado com água salgada, que seria colocado a jusante dos aero-arrefecedores, nas liquefacções. Este estudo permitiu concluir que no caso em que o aero-arrefecedor está desligado, poupar-se-ia em média 2,95 kW-h/t de etileno, e quando o aero-arrefecedor estiver em série com o permutador, poupar-se-ia em média 1,88 kW-h/t de etileno. No âmbito da avaliação energética, foram estimadas também as perdas energéticas nos vários compressores do terminal portuário, tendo-se constatado que os compressores do sistema de refrigeração do 1,3-butadieno apresentam maiores perdas por tonelada de produto recebido. No caso da optimização energética, verificou-se que os casos mais rentáveis eram o 3, 4 e o de estudo, sendo que estes permitiram poupanças na ordem dos 900000 €. Concluiu-se também que liquefazer no terminal é melhor das Segundas às Sextas, a partir de 2 t/h, enquanto que aos Sábado, é a partir de 3 t/h. Aos Domingos liquefazer no terminal compensa sempre, porque não há horas de ponta nem horas cheias.