Degradabilidade de grãos secos e ensilados de sorgo com e sem tanino, submetidos à granulometrias

Due to its nutritional characteristics sorghum has been indicated as substitute cereal to corn and wheat. Besides, in Brazil sorghum is not used for human feeding unlike corn, witch reduces its costs in almost 20% in comparison to corn costs. This research was conducted at UNESP, in Botucatu and Jaboticabal Campus, São Paulo, Brazil, with the purpose to evaluate the grinding effect on two sorghum genotypes grain (with and without tannin) preserved dry or ensiled humid above the degradability in situ of the dry matter, crude protein and starch. Three rumen fistulated sheep were used, distributed in an experimental block design, at 2 x 2 x 3 factorial outline, with two sorghum genotypes (with and without tannin), two forms of conservation (dry grain and high moisture grains silage) and three grinding ways (undivided, thick grinding and fine grinding) and the time as sub-portion. According to the results the grinding is recommended to sorghum grains because it increases the ruminal and effective degradability of the dry matter, crude protein and starch. The presence of tannin in sorghum grain changed the degrability potential of crude protein and starch. The thick grinding in dry grain without tannin was the better treatment.

Modelo matemático para determinação do custo e produção de energia na cultura da cana-de-açúcar

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aplicação da pesquisa operacional avaliação de formulações de ração para bovinos em confinamento utilizando o software Lingo

O presente trabalho busca apresentar um método de balanceamento de ração (estudo de caso) que ofereça as exigências necessárias para o desenvolvimento de animais ruminantes, com diversas fontes de proteínas ao custo mínimo de produção para os produtores. Deste modo, o confinamento tem surgido como uma importante ferramenta para o pecuarista, que deseja ganhar em escala no seu sistema de produção e qualidade em seus produtos. Assim, a adoção de técnicas de manejo e alimentação que viabilizem a produção de carnes de melhor qualidade torna-se muito importante para colocar o setor pecuário em situação de igualdade com os grandes países produtores de carne. Para a realização deste trabalho, foi feito um levantamento bibliográfico e uma pesquisa de campo com o administrador de uma fazenda no município de Presidente Prudente-SP. Através dos resultados obtidos, pode-se verificar que neste estabelecimento têm diminuído seus lucros, principalmente em virtude dos altos custos da alimentação.

Comparação de custo do milho fertilizado com adubo industrial e com lodo de esgoto a custo zero

In this study, we compared the production cost of summer corn growing in soils treated with industrial fertilizer with those grown treated with sewage sludge. Corn was cultivated on reduced tillage treatment during 2002/2003 in an Oxisol area of 0.0625 hec. The field trial with industrial fertilizer was conducted following related guidelines for the state of Sao Paulo. The application of sewage sludge to the soil was at the rate of 10 t.ha-1. Calculations were based on market prices for the abovementioned years. In addition to lower environmental impact, results indicate economic cost advantages associated with the use of sewage sludge.

Custo energético da produção do maracujá amarelo na região de Marília-SP

The study evaluated the energy balance of the yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) production system in the region of Marilia-SP. There were analyzed the "inputs" of energy originated from biological, fossil, and industrial sources, and the "output" of energy in the form of fruits produced per unit area, as well as five energy indicators. The phytotechnical indices considered were: planting in February (seedling in tubes), production cycle: 18 months, and yield: 20 t/ha. The input energy totaled 173,707.86 MJ/ha. The most representative items corresponded to industrial indirect energy (38%) and to biological (34%). Chemical fertilizers and pesticides accounted for 65% and 31% of indirect energy industry, respectively. The activity generated 391,800.00 MJ per cycle/ha, and the culture productivity, 0.12 MJ/kg. The efficiency of the culture was 2.26. The net cultural energy totaled 218,092.15 MJ/ha. The energy balance was positive (126,050.23 MJ/ha). Energy efficiency was favorable, with a value of 3.64. The direct power consumption of fossil origin is significant in the system evaluated, but it still allows the production of the yellow passion fruit in an environmentally sustainable way.

Comparação do custo de produção do crambe (Cambe abyssinica Hochst) com outras culturas oleaginosas em sistema de plantio direto

Biodiesel is a reality in Brazil, due to the National Program of Biodiesel Production and Use (PNPB), which became mandatory in 2008 in adding 2% biodiesel in all diesel sold in a blend known as B2. The agribusiness sector responded to the federal program, facing many difficulties in biodiesel production, which highlights the supply of raw material. Problems related to biodiesel production were mainly the shortage of vegetable oil, because of demand from domestic and foreign markets, and rising prices of raw materials available for production, making this biofuel production economically feasible, even in Brazil, where agricultural production costs are among the most competitive in the world. The crambe is a specie that has aroused the interest of Brazilian producers due to oil content, hardiness, and mechanized cultivation, mainly for being a winter crop, it becomes one more option for farmers in this period. In addition, you can compose systems of crop rotation as well as being used as ground cover in winter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for productive and cost of production of crambe, conducted in no-tillage system, to compare these parameters with other oil crops such as sunflower, canola and soybean. The trial was conducted in the agricultural year 2008 at the Experimental Farm Lageado belonging to the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences - UNESP, located in Botucatu - SP. The estimated yield was 1.507,05 kg ha-1, resulting in a production of 561,94 liters of oil per hectare. The cost of installation and conduct of crambe per hectare was R$ 875,87, resulting in a cost of R$ 1,56 per liter of oil, the lowest cost among the oilseed crops analyzed.

Estudo comparativo do custo da semeadura direta na cultura do milho utilizando duas metodologias

The present work is about a comparative study of two methodologies (MIALHE and ASABE), used to calculate the cost per hectare in the tillage operation in the culture of corn. The methodology of ASABE presents a higher cost per hectare in relation to the MIALHE proposal, being that the methodologies presents similar costs related to the depreciation expenses, accommodation and insurance. The differences were that in the ASABE proposal, the biggest expenses involved the payment of interest, fuel, lube and handwork, while in the MIALHE methodology, only the expense regarding to maintenance was more. The methodology of ASABE most suitable for management costs per hectare.

Relação ideal dos aminoácidos essenciais para mantença, crescimento e produção de aves

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

As relações socioculturais no Mercado Municipal de São Paulo: produção de tradições na formação e no reconhecimento de grupos culturais a partir da alimentação

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Levedura (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) na alimentação de vacas da raça Jersey

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação das ações de alimentação e nutrição na atenção primária a saúde no estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Redução de custo na manutenção de ativos no Ambiente Industrial

Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Produção - FEG

Banho no leito convencional e descartável: estudo microbiológico e de custo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação da eficiência nutricional e economica de dietas para papagaios verdadeiros (Amazona aestiva) em cativeiro

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS