O princípio da eficiência administrativa na regulação da prestação do serviço de voz sobre internet - VoIP

The present work aims to demonstrate the link of the principle of efficiency - as expressed in the Constitution of 1988, by Constitutional Amendment No. 19 - with regulatory agencies, more specifically the ANATEL (National Telecommunications Agency). It also includes this principle’s importance to regulation - to monitor and manage public services - as well as when an activity will be considered efficient, keeping in mind that agencies are subjected to other principles of public administration. The increasing use of telephony has enabled further development of technologies that provide improvements in the provision of this service. The VoIP (Voice over IP), is nothing more than a technological breakthrough that directly targets the providers of conventional telephone service, both by modifying the business working for a long time with the same technology as the amount of new competitors’ dispute on market share. It also analyses the difficulty of understanding and definition of what is VoIP telephony, its growth and the threats that the traditional and mostly which is ANATEL’s role concerning this telephony technology. As regulator of the telecommunications service, ANATEL not yet regulated the voice telephony service using the IP protocol. What looks over the years is that ANATEL exercise its regulatory function to provide better conditions for competition among providers of VoIP and traditional telephone companies, obviously some difficulties are expected, given that VoIP is a technology that provides two services, through conventional telephony and using the internet.

A "voz das ruas" e a rearticulação da ideologia conservadora

The aim of this paper is to analyze the street demonstrations occurred last June and July 2013, which appear as samples of the hegemonic fights in course in Brazil, during the so-called Big Wave of the social groups in conflict nowadays in the country. Among other questions, this study tries to explain how the varied stages of these fighting groups influenced their late ones. For that, it takes into consideration the bibliography available not only on these groups, but also on the social and political contemporary Brazil. That is why it evaluates political documents, as well as opinion pieces, news and others disseminated by the press or by political groups. Speeches made by political leaderships, as, for example, that one the President Dilma Roussef made on 21 July 2013, deserves close analysis. This also applies to contributions made by secondary data, poll institutions and IBGE’s socio-economic data. Categories and concepts of Antonio Gramsci’s political sociology are used here as theoretic bases. In fact, it favors the hypothesis that, during the dispute for the intellectual and moral command of demonstrations on July 2013, a certain middle-class conservative ideology emerged on scene. This group conquered the agreement of hegemonic mass media acting now as a political party, here designated as media party. These media resorted to platforms preexistent to the demonstration movements, especially their rejection to political organizations and programs in order to ascend as the demonstrations’ leaders along a certain period in which corruption appeared as the central theme of these efforts, while the government tried to get control of the situation. In view of the several forces and issues at stake, the present study contributes to the discussion about the current reality in Brazil and its perspectives, without losing sight of the centrality of the June Movements as political and ideological milestones

Abordagem da ergonomia para avaliação do treinamento simulado das equipes de resposta à emergência em lançamentos de veículos aeroespaciais

This dissertation introduces a study that aims to analyze the simulated training of emergency teams and proposes recommendations for the current training system in order to improve the collective skills and resilience of these teams when facing possible critical situations, triggered by possible accident occurrences during aerospace vehicle launching operations in the Barreira do Inferno Launch Center in Parnamirim / RN. This is a field, exploratory, descriptive, explanatory, and a case study with a qualitative approach. Therefore, we adopted the ergonomics approach, using the situated method of ergonomic work analysis (AET), combining observational and interactive methods. The relevance of this research is characterized by the contributions to minimize the human and material hazzards resulting from possible accidents in these operations, the scientific contribution of the AET for simulated emergency training analysis in the launching operations of aerospace vehicles - which are complex and involve risk of accidents - and consequently, the scientific contribution to the current process of recovering the Brazilian Space Program. The survey results point to problems of various kinds in the current simulated training system which compromise the safety of the operations. These problems are grouped into four categories: technological, organizational, team training and from the activity itself, regarding more specifically communication and cooperation (among the team members and these ones with other sectors involved in the launching operation) and regarding the coordination of actions. We propose: a) a new training model, from the creation and application of scenarios based on postulated abnormalities, which could simulate real critical situations, in order to train and improve the skills of the emergency response teams especially in terms of communication, coordination and cooperation; b) restructuring and reorganizing the current training system, based on the formal establishment of a managing staff, on the clear division of responsibilities, on the standardization of processes, on the production of management indicators, on the continuous monitoring, on the feedback from trainees about the quality of the training and on the continuing and frequent training of emergency teams.

Desenvolvimento e avaliação do emprego de dispositivo ajustável ao corpo para treinamento de habilidade de acesso venoso periférico no membro superior

OBJECTIVE: To dev elop and evaluate the use of a body adjustable device for training of peripheral venous catheterization for healthcare undergraduate students . METHODS: This study involved two phases: I) development of the innovative simulator and II) a controlled trial co mparing the performance of the body adjustable device in relation to the commercial simulator for the training of venipuncture skills. A total of 79 first - year medical students participated in the intervention phase, which consisted of pretest assessment, lecture on peripheral venous access, randomization into two groups according to the simulator used for training (Commercial Simulator and Experimental Simulator), real venipuncture procedure, post - test assessment and evaluation of satisfaction. RESULTS: Gr oups were homogeneous in age, sex, pre - test and post - test scores, attitudinal assessment and performance in performing the real venipuncture. Students from the Experimental Simulator group performed better on the filling of simulated records. At the end of the study, cognitive gain significantly increased in both groups. The degree of realism perceived by students was equivalent for two groups. A total of 85.7% of students rated the Experimental Simulator as good or excellent. CONCLUSIONS: Experimental simu lator proved to be a low cost alternative for the training of venipuncture skills in upper limb. The cognitive procedural and attitudinal performances of students who used the experimental simulator were similar to those observed in the group trained with commercial simulator.

Da voz que cala ao corpo que fala: o assédio moral no ambiente de trabalho como desafio para o serviço social

The changes ocurred in the world of capitalist labor, especially from the last decades of the 20th century, accentuated the process of manipulation and domination of the working class, materialized mainly through naturalization and / or trivialization of violence, conducted in the work environment. From this process, emerge the elements of bullying, that is, the embarrassing and humiliating practices which extend through time, degrading human race, and becoming fruitful object for study, debate and the intervention of the professionals of the Social Service area. Thus, we assume the perspective of analyzing the concepts and the work of social workers, whom work at people management area before the bullying in the workplace. We propose the following objectives: apprehend the settings of bullying, in the contemporary context of competitiveness and flexibility of work, as well as its implications for workers' health; characterize the background of this expression of violence at work in the municipality of Natal- RN; and analyze the powers and duties of the social worker in the process of prevention, identification and addressing of bullying in the context of work. This study consisted of a qualitative approach, based on the dialectical-critical method as soon as we adopt methodological procedures such as: theoretical knowledge, documental and field research, and performed using semi-structured interviews. The subjects of this research were nine (09) the Social Service professionals working in personnel management area, in five (5) institutions with legal and branches of different activities, located in Natal-RN. Even interviewed one (01) representative of the Public Ministry of Rio Grande do Norte Office (MPT-RN). The findings of this analysis indicate that bullying is a contemporary expression of "social question", which is presented as a demand for the Social-assistants – covered up and / or camuflage – under the guise of problems related to workers' health or mere conflicts of interpersonal relationships, that is, without any causal connection with the organization of work. The fear of losing job, not to be inserted in the labor market, and / or suffering reprisals, deepens the subject levels of the victims of bullying. Hence the importance of Social Workers are capable to understand the social reality, by preventing and combating the elements of bullying.

Critério de correntropia no treinamento de redes fuzzy wavelet neural networks para identificação de sistemas dinâmicos não lineares

The great interest in nonlinear system identification is mainly due to the fact that a large amount of real systems are complex and need to have their nonlinearities considered so that their models can be successfully used in applications of control, prediction, inference, among others. This work evaluates the application of Fuzzy Wavelet Neural Networks (FWNN) to identify nonlinear dynamical systems subjected to noise and outliers. Generally, these elements cause negative effects on the identification procedure, resulting in erroneous interpretations regarding the dynamical behavior of the system. The FWNN combines in a single structure the ability to deal with uncertainties of fuzzy logic, the multiresolution characteristics of wavelet theory and learning and generalization abilities of the artificial neural networks. Usually, the learning procedure of these neural networks is realized by a gradient based method, which uses the mean squared error as its cost function. This work proposes the replacement of this traditional function by an Information Theoretic Learning similarity measure, called correntropy. With the use of this similarity measure, higher order statistics can be considered during the FWNN training process. For this reason, this measure is more suitable for non-Gaussian error distributions and makes the training less sensitive to the presence of outliers. In order to evaluate this replacement, FWNN models are obtained in two identification case studies: a real nonlinear system, consisting of a multisection tank, and a simulated system based on a model of the human knee joint. The results demonstrate that the application of correntropy as the error backpropagation algorithm cost function makes the identification procedure using FWNN models more robust to outliers. However, this is only achieved if the gaussian kernel width of correntropy is properly adjusted.

Reabilitação cardíaca na insuficiência cardíaca crônica: efeitos de 12 semanas de treinamento intervalado x contínuo na função cardiopulmonar e qualidade de vida

Background: Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) has effect on mortality in patients with heart failure (HF) chronic, and the exercise of the treatment of this patient. The most common exercise is ongoing training. Recently we have been studying the effects of interval training, but there is no consensus on the optimal dose of exercise. Objective: To evaluate the effects of interval aerobic training are superior to continuous aerobic training in patients with chronic HF. Methods: The clinical trial evaluated patients through cardiopulmonary test (CPX) and quality of life before and after the RC (3 times / 12 weeks). Patients were randomized into Group Interval Training (GTI - 85% of heart rate reserve - FCR), Continuous Training Group (GTC - 60% of HRR) and control group (CG) who received guidelines. Results: 18 patients were evaluated (mean age 44.7 ± 13.2 years and 35.2 ± 8.9% of left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]). Both groups were efficient to increase the peak VO2 and 15.1% (P = 0.02) in GTI and 16.1% (P = 0.01) GTC. As for the quality of life the GTI GTC showed improvement compared to the control group (P = 0.006). Hemodynamic mismatch events during the CPX were reduced after training in more GTC (patients 1 to 4) than in the GTI (5 to 3). Cardiac risk also decreased in the GTC (3 patients left the severe risk to take after training). Conclusion: Continuous training becomes more appropriate for improving fitness with little chance of developing cardiac event patients with chronic HF.

Efeito do treinamento muscular inspiratório com diferentes cargas na força e função de músculos respiratórios

Background: The inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been considered an option in reversing or preventing decrease in respiratory muscle strength, however, little is known about the adaptations of these muscles arising from the training with charge. Objectives: To investigate the effect of IMT on the diaphragmatic muscle strength and function neural and structural adjustment of diaphragm in sedentary young people, compare the effects of low intensity IMT with moderate intensity IMT on the thickness, mobility and electrical activity of diaphragm and in inspiratory muscles strength and establish a protocol for conducting a systematic review to evaluate the effects of respiratory muscle training in children and adults with neuromuscular diseases. Materials and Methods: A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, controlled trial, sample of 28 healthy, both sexes, and sedentary young people, divided into two groups: 14 in the low load training group (G10%) and 14 in the moderate load training group (G55%). The volunteers performed for 9 weeks a home IMT protocol with POWERbreathe®. The G55% trained with 55% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and the G10% used a charge of 10% of MIP. The training was conducted in sessions of 30 repetitions, twice a day, six days per week. Every two weeks was evaluated MIP and adjusted the load. Volunteers were submitted by ultrasound, surface electromyography, spirometry and manometer before and after IMT. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0. Were performed Student's t-test for paired samples to compare diaphragmatic thickness, MIP and MEP before and after IMT protocol and Wilcoxon to compare the RMS (root mean square) and median frequency (MedF) values also before and after training protocol. They were then performed the Student t test for independent samples to compare mobility and diaphragm thickness, MIP and MEP between two groups and the Mann-Whitney test to compare the RMS and MedF values also between the two groups. Parallel to experimental study, we developed a protocol with support from the Cochrane Collaboration on IMT in people with neuromuscular diseases. Results: There was, in both groups, increased inspiratory muscle strength (P <0.05) and expiratory in G10% (P = 0.009) increase in RMS and thickness of relaxed muscle in G55% (P = 0.005; P = 0.026) and there was no change in the MedF (P> 0.05). The comparison between two groups showed a difference in RMS (P = 0.04) and no difference in diaphragm thickness and diaphragm mobility and respiratory muscle strength. Conclusions: It was identified increased neural activity and diagrammatic structure with consequent increase in respiratory muscle strength after the IMT with moderate load. IMT with load of 10% of MIP cannot be considered as a placebo dose, it increases the inspiratory muscle strength and IMT with moderate intensity is able to enhance the recruitment of muscle fibers of diaphragm and promote their hypertrophy. The protocol for carrying out the systematic review published in The Cochrane Library.

O BOCA A BOCA ON-LINE: AS IMPLICAÇÕES DA VOZ DO CONSUMIDOR NA COMUNICAÇÃO DE MERCADO

O consumidor contemporâneo, inserido em um novo ambiente de comunicação, potencializa suas expressões, capaz de avaliar uma marca ou produto e transmitir sua opinião pelas redes sociais, ou seja, o consumidor expressa suas opiniões e desejos dialogando com seus pares de forma espontânea nas redes sociais on-line. É neste ambiente de participação e interação (ciberespaço) que está nosso objeto de estudo, o boca a boca on-line – a voz do consumidor contemporâneo, também conhecido como uma manifestação informativa pessoal ou uma conversa, a opinion sharing. Proporcionado pelos consumidores nas redes sociais on-line, o boca a boca se fortalece em função das possibilidades de interação, característica da sociedade em rede. Nesse cenário, oobjetivo desta pesquisa é caracterizar o boca a boca on-line como um novo fluxo comunicacional entre consumidores, hoje potencializado pelas novas tecnologias da comunicação, capazes de alterar a percepção da marca e demonstrar o uso, pelas marcas, das redes sociais on-line ainda como um ambiente de comunicação unidirecional. Mediante três casos selecionados por conveniência (dois casos nacionais e um internacional), o corpus de análise de nossa pesquisa se limitou aos 5.084 comentários disponibilizados após publicação de matérias jornalísticas no Portal G1 e nas fanpages (Facebook), ambos relativos aos casos selecionados. Com a Análise de Conteúdo dos posts, identificamos e categorizamos a fala do consumidor contemporâneo, sendo assim possível comprovar que as organizações/marcas se valem da cultura do massivo, não dialogando com seus consumidores, pois utilizam as redes sociais on-line ainda de forma unidirecional, além de não darem a devida atenção ao atual fluxo onde se evidencia a opinião compartilhada dos consumidores da sociedade em rede.

Interações no voleibol segundo alunos do ctism : Da educação física ao treinamento

Esse projeto de pesquisa traz como objetivo analisar o conhecimento dos alunos do Colégio Técnico Industrial de Santa Maria em relaçao aos seis momentos do jogo de Voleibol, de forma a comparar este entendimento entre os alunos inseridos na aula de Educaçao Física com os da equipe de Voleibol do Colégio. Recorreu-se a elaboraçao de um questionário sobre a referida temática a ser aplicado aos alunos da escola, das quais as primeiras sao questoes fechadas e as demais abertas. Pretende-se com os possíveis e futuros resultados demonstrar a relevância e a importância dessas interaçoes de cooperaçao e oposiçao acerca dos momentos do jogo de Voleibol, para os autores consultados e para os alunos do CTISM de forma a comparar os devidos questionários com seus respectivos conhecimentos acerca do assunto; salientar a importância da Praxiologia Motriz e a contribuiçao da mesma para o Voleibol como Jogo Esportivo Coletivo, auxiliando no processo de ensino- aprendizagem do mesmo e servindo como uma ferramenta que norteie e dê base ao treinamento de Voleibol desenvolvido pelo CTISM

Praxiologia motriz aliada ao treinamento de estudantes nos jogos esportivos coletivos

O treinamento é muito praticado na atualidade, principalmente quando é utilizado para os Jogos Esportivos Coletivos, porém é muito criticado pela forma como é proposto para os alunos em ambas as instituiçoes onde o treinamento existe, mas principalmente na escola. A Praxiologia Motriz é uma importante teoria que pode se aliar a essa prática, os estudos já mostram que essa teoria de Pierre Parlebas vem se difundindo cada vez mais, e já vem sendo muito estudada. Existem estudos que mostram que a Praxiologia Motriz aliada ao treinamento dos Jogos Esportivos Coletivos, auxilia muito na busca pelo objetivo, pois ela nao considera apenas a parte física, técnica e tática, e sim o pensamento cognitivo do aluno/atleta, através das relaçoes de interaçoes, das condutas e da forma como defende que o trabalho seja realizado no treinamento. Com isso queremos apresentar uma relaçao entre Praxiologia Motriz e Treinamento dos Jogos Esportivos Coletivos

Efeitos do treinamento físico na resposta imunológica de ratos expostos à vincristina

A Vincristina (VCR) é um quimioterápico amplamente utilizado na clínica. Alteraçoes imunológicas sao alguns dos efeitos do quimioterápico mais apresentados pelos pacientes. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar se o exercício aeróbico prévio (6 semanas de nataçao, 1h/dia, 5 dias/semana, sobrecarga de 5 do peso corporal) poderia melhorar os déficits imunológicos em ratos Wistar posteriormente tratados com o quimioterápico Vincristina. A administraçao da Vincristina foi realizada com dose única semanal de 0,5mg/kg, durante duas semanas, com dose acumulada de 1mg/kg, via intraperitoneal. No 15o dia os ratos foram submetidos à retirada de sangue para análise do sistema imunológico pelo hemograma e dano ao DNA pelo teste Picogreen. Observou-se uma diminuiçao significativa no número de leucócitos, plaquetas e nos níveis de eritrócitos nos ratos tratados com o quimioterápico, assim como significativo dano no DNA celular. No entanto, o exercício foi capaz de proteger dessa diminuiçao das células do sistema imune e do dano causado ao DNA no grupo que praticou o exercício e recebeu o quimioterápico. Portanto, o exercício físico mostrou-se protetor contra a diminuiçao das células do sistema imune e dano ao DNA causado pelo tratamento com o quimioterápico em ratos