Pesquisa sobre Inovação Tecnológica: o possível viés da informação em levantamentos

Esse estudo aborda o viés da informação sobre a ocorrência de inovação em levantamentos, decorrente da compreensão imprecisa do conceito de inovação implícito na questão. O reconhecimento dessa situação ressalta a necessidade de procedimentos metodológicos que detectem o erro de compreensão do conceito por parte dos informantes, a fim que sejam previstos mecanismos para minimização do erro total da mensuração de indicadores de inovação. Um desenho desses procedimentos foi aplicado em levantamento amostral no setor metal mecânico da região do ABC. Nesse estudo foram cotejadas as respostas a questões fechadas e abertas sobre a prática de inovação nas empresas. Dois fluxos metodológicos ilustram os procedimentos para detecção e correção do viés da informação, evidenciando a relevância do uso da questão aberta, na sequência da questão fechada sobre inovação. A diferença entre as estimativas dos indicadores de inovação, obtidas com e sem a aplicação desses procedimentos, mostrou-se estatisticamente significante.

O valor percebido para o consumidor nas dimensões sociambiental, econômica e tecnológica da cadeia produtiva do biodiesel

A inclusão do biodiesel como fonte renovável na matriz energética do Brasil, tem demandado esforços e direcionado ações estratégicas na priorização das dimensões socioambientais, econômicas e tecnológicas junto à cadeia produtiva do biodiesel. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar o valor percebido pelos consumidores finais quanto às dimensões socioambientais, econômicas e tecnológicas na produção de fontes de energias renováveis de combustíveis. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa descritiva, desenvolvida junto a condutores de ônibus identificados como um dos stakeholders da referida cadeia de suprimentos. Constatou-se uma priorização das dimensões social e ambiental, consideradas como principais valores percebidos pelo consumidor, se comparadas com as dimensões econômicas e tecnológicas. Os aspectos identificados como importantes referem-se à redução do efeito estufa e das emissões de gases tóxicos, a produção de energia renovável e a geração de emprego. Nota-se com os resultados obtidos, a necessidade de uma organização do conhecimento e produção de informações estratégicas, integrando o consumidor na cadeia produtiva e na construção do desenvolvimento sustentável.

Competências inovativas e a acumulação do conhecimento: um estudo de caso em uma inovação tecnológica da pecuária de corte

Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever o processo de gerar competências inovadoras na Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária. No inicio de 1980, o centro de pesquisa da Embrapa Gado de Corte estava engajado no projeto Marandu - Brachiaria brizantha - originalmente uma planta nativa da África, potencialmente usada para alimentação do gado. Atualmente é responsável por cerca de 40% das sementes de forrageiras vendidas no Brasil, cultivada em cerca de 70 milhões de hectares de pastagens no país. Uma abordagem qualitativa foi definida para a pesquisa exploratória, e delineamento de estudo de caso. Foram feitas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os pesquisadores envolvidos no projeto e examinado os processos de geração, armazenamento, distribuição e aplicação do modelo de conhecimento tecnológico aplicado pela Embrapa. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam a relevância do ciclo de geração de competências nos processos da gestão do conhecimento, essenciais nas tecnologias da pecuária de corte do agronegócio.

A especialização tecnológica local como indutora do empreendedorismo e do desenvolvimento regional: o caso do Vale da Eletrônica brasileiro

Este trabalho apresenta a percepção dos empreendedores quanto a influência da especialização tecnológica local promovida pelas instituições de ensino superior e seus reflexos no empreendedorismo regional, com base na experiência do Instituto Nacional de Telecomunicações – Inatel, localizado em Santa Rita do Sapucaí, sul de Minas Gerais. O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar os efeitos tangíveis da transferência de conhecimento de alta tecnologia da universidade para a sociedade produtiva regional. A abordagem metodológica escolhida teve caráter qualitativo, valendo-se de uma pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, que visou ampliar a compreensão do papel dos agentes educacionais locais, especificamente envolvidos no ensino técnico e tecnológico, na geração do desenvolvimento regional. A coleta de dados foi baseada em levantamento documental, bibliográfico e na aplicação de questionários dirigidos aos empreendedores locais, delimitados no escopo geográfico do estudo. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que houve evolução nos indicadores socioeconômicos da região.

O Estado e o Associativismo Profissional e Sindical dos Assistentes Sociais em Portugal: trajetória e perspetivas atuais

Este estudo exploratório, de caráter descritivo, tem como objetivos compreender a relação do Estado com a organização profissional dos assistentes sociais nas diferentes conjunturas sócio-históricas da trajetória da profissão; conhecer o contributo do associativismo sindical e profissional para a organização dos assistentes sociais em Portugal; caraterizar as diversas formas de associativismo profissional e sindical dos profissionais de Serviço Social e compreender a importância da regulação profissional para a categoria. Na trajetória do Serviço Social no nosso país, identificámos várias estruturas associativas desde os anos 50 do século XX. Apesar dessa diversidade ao nível da organização profissional, nos últimos anos tem sido o projeto de constituição da ordem o que tem congregado os profissionais de Serviço Social, embora de forma fragmentada. Em Portugal não existe um estatuto jurídico de regulação da profissão de assistente social, sendo do interesse dos profissionais, utentes e sociedade que o mesmo seja efetivado. A criação de uma ordem profissional poderá vir a fortalecer o trabalho dos profissionais de Serviço Social, bem como proteger e regulamentar o exercício profissional e a formação académica. Com a erosão do Estado Social, as relações de trabalho tendem a ser desregulamentadas e flexibilizadas, subsistindo a precariedade e o desemprego. O enfrentamento a estas questões por parte do movimento associativo é ténue e a sua não articulação fragiliza a proteção dos profissionais, como indiciam a subsistente ausência da constituição da ordem profissional e a extinção do Sindicato Nacional de Profissionais de Serviço Social, apesar do ressurgimento do associativismo sindical durante o presente ano (2013). As condições atuais diferem das existentes aquando do processo de obtenção da licenciatura e estruturação e implementação das carreiras profissionais de Serviço Social que potenciaram e galvanizaram os assistentes sociais. A categoria profissional apresenta-se desmobilizada e com pouco poder reivindicativo, e as associações profissionais e sindicais vivem com constrangimentos financeiros, funcionando em regime de voluntariado, o que denota a insipiência da sua estrutura organizativa. A atual conjuntura justificaria uma maior convergência, debate e processos de resistência por parte das estruturas associativas face ao agravamento de políticas baseadas na austeridade, que têm reflexos no mercado de trabalho, formação e organização profissional. Parece justificar-se a existência de estratégias articuladas com maior clareza sobre o projeto para a categoria, apostando num debate que se faça com os seus diversos intervenientes. Desta forma, o associativismo poderá constituir uma alavanca que confira maior dinamismo às suas estruturas organizacionais, maior visibilidade e presença pública da categoria, mas também uma maior solidez das suas organizações, que não sendo corporativas ou elitistas, salientem o primado da ética do serviço sobre a ética do ganho. / This descriptive exploratory study aims to understand the relationship between the State and the professional organisation of the social workers in the different social-historical situations of the profession course; to know the contribute of the unions and professional membership drive to the organisation of the social workers in Portugal; to characterise the several ways of the social workers’ professional and union membership drive and to understand the importance of the professional regulation for the area. In the Social Service trajectory in our country, we have identified several associative structures since the 1950s. Despite this diversity concerning the professional organisation, the project of constituting the professional order has been responsible for the social workers’ congregation in the past years, although in a fragmented way. In Portugal, there is not a legal status of regulation of the social workers’ profession, and it is of the interest of the professionals, users and society that this may be brought about. The creation of a professional order may strengthen the activity of the social workers, as well as it may protect and regulate the profession exercise and the university education. With the Social State’s erosion, the work relationships tend to be deregulated and softened, persisting the job insecurity and the unemployment. The associative movement does not strongly face these issues, and its non-articulation weakens the professionals’ protection, as the permanent absence of the professional order creation and the extinction of the National Social Workers Union show, despite the reappearance of the union membership drive during the present year (2013). The current conditions are not equal to the ones existent in the process of obtaining the university degree and the structuring and implementing of professional careers in the Social Service area, which have strengthened and galvanised the social workers. The professional category is not mobilised and it has few claimable power; the professional and unions’ associations live with financial problems, functioning in a volunteering regime, which shows the insipience of its organisation structure. The current situation would justify a bigger convergence, debate and resistance processes on behalf of the associative structures regarding the worsening of policies based on austerity – this has consequences in the work market, training and professional organisation. It seems to be pertinent the existence of strategies articulated in a clearer way about the project for this professional area, investing in a debate among its several participants. Therefore, the professional membership drive may constitute a lever that can give more dynamism to its organisational structures, a bigger visibility and public presence of the area, but also a stronger solidity in its organisations which, being not corporative or elitist, may highlight the service’s ethics over the profit’s ethics.

Construção das capacidades organizacionais de tecnologia da informação no contexto dos sistemas institucionais integrados de gestão da UFRN

The IT capability is a organizational ability to perform activities of this role more effectively and an important mechanism in creating value. Its building process (stages of creation and development) occurs through management initiatives for improvement in the performance of their activities, using human resources and IT assets complementary responsible for the evolution of their organizational routines. This research deals with the IT capabilities related to SIG (integrated institutional management systems), built and deployed in UFRN (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte) to realization and control of administrative, academic and human resources activities. Since 2009, through cooperative agreements with federal and educational institutions of direct administration, UFRN has supported the implementation of these systems, currently involving more than 30 institutions. The present study aims to understand how IT capabilities, relevant in the design, implementation and dissemination of SIG, were built over time. This is a single case study of qualitative and longitudinal nature, performed by capturing, coding and analysis from secondary data and from semi-structured interviews conducted primarily with members of Superintenência de Informática, organizational unit responsible for SIG systems in UFRN. As a result, the technical, of internal relationship and external cooperation capabilities were identified as relevant in the successful trajectory of SIG systems, which have evolved in different ways. The technical capacity, initiated in 2004, toured the stages of creation and development until it reached the stage of stability in 2013, due to technological limits. Regarding the internal relationship capability, begun in 2006, it toured the stages of creation and development, having extended its scope of activities in 2009, being in development since then. Unlike the standard life cycle observed in the literature, the external cooperation capability was initiated by an intensity of initiatives and developments in the routines in 2009, which were decreasing to cease in 2013 in order to stabilize the technological infrastructure already created for cooperative institutions. It was still identified the start of cooperation in 2009 as an important event selection, responsible for changing or creating trajectories of evolution in all three capacities. The most frequent improvements initiatives were of organizational nature and the internal planning activity has been transformed over the routines of the three capabilities. Important resources and complementary assets have been identified as important for the realization of initiatives, such as human resources technical knowledge to the technical capabilities and external cooperation, and business knowledge, for all of them, as well as IT assets: the iproject application for control of development processes, and the document repository wiki. All these resources and complementary assets grew along the capacities, demonstrating its strategic value to SINFO/UFRN

A satisfação profissional e a cultura organizacional : uma análise a partir do modelo ASH no Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica do Rio Grande do Norte

With the need of the companies in becoming more competitive within the market, it arises an incessant search for selective human potential, with a high level of capacity and low rotativity, which motivation results in production raise, quality optimization and waste reduction. This scenario requires a strategy development which advantages the Human Resources Quality Management. This way, the model of the Human System Audit (HSA), developed by the Spanish researchers Ouijano and Navarro, presents itself as an important tool to diagnosis and evaluation, contemplating the environment where the organization is inserted, its strategies, its organizational design, its processes and its organizational effectiveness. In this sense, the present study has identified the existent relation between the professional satisfaction and the Organizational Culture, based in the model HSA. The research has been a quantitative-descriptive one and has had as population the technical-administrative workers from the Federal Center of Technical Education of Rio Grande do Norte (CEFET RN). The data collection has occurred during May, 2008, by means of the application of a questionnaire in the HSA model. The sample was composed by 167 subjects, distributed among the Five units of the institution. It was used the factorial analysis, with the extraction method of main components and orthogonal rotation varimax, in order to extract the dimensions of the satisfaction and of the organizational culture and the calculation of Cronbach s Alpha coefficient, to evaluate the reliability of these dimensions. The factorial analysis of the satisfaction indicators has identified four factors,, all of them showing significance: gratefulness and relationship , self-realization , stability and security and physical conditions and social benefits . The result of the factorial analysis with the indicators of the organizational culture has extracted four factors and among them, three of them have obtained significance: Personal Satisfaction Style , Competitive-Denial-Power Style and the Conventional-Dependent Style . After identifying the dimensions of the satisfaction and culture found at CEFET-RN, it has been notice the existence or not of relation among them, through the application of Pearson s coefficient. It has been verified that all of the dimensions of the Professional satisfaction are correlated with some dimension of the organizational culture, having in outstand position, with higher intensity, the relation between the culture style of Personal Satisfaction and the satisfaction factor referring to the self-realization

Gestão da informação: um estudo de caso em um instituto de pesquisa tecnológica

Each two years the amount of available information in the world double. This is the Information Age, where the success depends on what one knows, not on what one has. A new economy appears with the capacity to generate, to store, to process and to apply effectively the knowledge, based on information, determining the companies productivity and competitiveness.The objective of this work is to understand the information management model of a technological research institute - CTGÁS (Gas Technology Center). The research has been done focused on the 5 main processes and the 15 support processes of the organization value chain , aiming to understand the information management in the organization based on Davenport´s Information Management model (1998). Therefore, it was necessary to identify how the necessary information for the organizational processes accomplishment are determined, obtained, distributed and used by the organization. The research can be classified as descriptive, regarding to its aims, and as a case study, related to the research ways. Interviews with the managers of the organization value chain processes have been carried through, with the objective to identify how they perceive the Information Management process that circulates in the organizational processes. Complementarily, a documentary research has been carried through, associated to the direct observation and procedures and actions follow up, involving the Information Management. The data treatment and analysis have been done from the authors theoretical support and from the managers interviews analysis, documents and processes observed by the researcher in the organization. It was noticed that the organization has raised its level of information needs that are not difficult to be determined and are satisfactorily obtained and distributed, although the majority of them are not structuralized, automatized or even classified regarding to its confidence. These peaces of information have good quality and are important, however they reflect a medium dependence on external and informal information, besides being used only in its great majority for people to know what and how to do something

Coevolução e as práticas isomórficas de gestão: um estudo sobre os processos de mudanças institucionais no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do RN

The Federal Institution for Education, Science and Technology, in its historical path, has been living different changes. The transformations occurred along the way have been determined by coercive forces from the institutional environment, which has became more and more broad and complex throughout the time, obtaining diverse characteristics and new elements such as non institutional factors1 which started to contribute with the other changes. In this context, this work aims to study the isomorphic practices of the managers in the institutional changes process of the IFRN in 1998 and 2008, as of a theoretical coevolutionary perspective (CHILD; RODRIGUES; LEWIN; CARROL; VOLBERDA, 2003). This theory brings a new point of view for the organization analysis to the organizational studies, since it offers a non deterministic and non linear lection of the evolution process, which means, a coevolution. Thus, the organizations and their institutional and non institutional environment auto evolve, auto organize and auto reproduce. Therefore, the institutional and non institutional factors of the macro environment keep a continuous interdependence relationship with the organizations. For the means of this study, it is important to understand that is impossible to comprehend the object, the isomorphic practices, without considering that the previous institutional changes and its evolutions, its continuations and discontinuations, important in the coevolution process. As such, to call upon the institutional historical track is a fundamental aspect to materialize this study, for the recursive movement is indeed present in the coevolution. Another important point to make this research effective is that it is not possible to abdicate from the hologramatic view2 of this study, which considers the object, the isomorphic practices, part of the whole and this whole is also in the parts, therefore it is impossible to comprehend the object of study outside the context where it belongs. With this, as of the objective previously proposed, it is necessary to describe the characteristics of coevolution of the institutional changes related in 1998 and 2008; analyze the dynamic of the isomorphic mechanisms in its respective institutional change process; and describe the lessons learned which the isomorphic practices left to the IFRN, regarding its benefits and difficulties. All these transformations happened through coercive forces3 of the institutional environment. As of the Nineties, these forces became stronger, the environment became broader and more complex, with the emergency of new environmental factors. This study proposed to study the managing process and its practices, related to the micro environment, although it is required to articulate these actions, the demands and requirements from the macro environment. To make this research effective, semi structured interviews have been conducted with the managers who participated in both institutional change processes. In the results analysis, it has been possible to verify the particularity of each change, the one from 1998 with a strong normative action of the managers against coercive forces from the government for the search of recognition and the institutional legitimation and the one in 2008, which has been characterized by the normative action by managers in agreement with the coercive forces from the government, in favor of the government policy for the technological professional education. However, the results analysis it is possible to notice the evidence of a belonging feeling from the interviewed managers

Caminhos de sobrevivência institucional: a gestão do Núcleo de Oficinas e Artes Profissionalizantes Laís Aderne

The object of this study is the organizational management, particularly the relational processenvironment organization focused on the survival of the space Department of the Arts and Crafts Mestre Raimundo Cardoso linked to the structural arrangement of the Liceu do Paracuri.. Aimed to understand the ways of organizational survival, from the actors' perception of the Center for Arts Career Workshops and Lais Aderne, with investments that discuss the theoretical models of management, institutional theory, cultural organization and institutionalization of public education requirement of the municipal light LDB. (1996) used a qualitative approach with a view to RICHARDSON (1985). The data generated were analyzed based on the technique of content analysis, the thematic type [categorical] Bardin (1977). The results indicate that the institutionalization of the arrangement of the Liceu do Paracuri emerges meet the legal requirement of the autonomy of municipal educational administration under the aegis of sustainable development, quality of life and basic education from the municipal Hélio Gueiros (1993-1996 ). More specifically the Center for Arts and Crafts Laís Aderne, the unit of analysis, the subjects said that this space is designed as a link between the demands of school and community searching through interdisciplinary activities educate and train manpower mainly potter. They did mention the existence of institutional factors (history, culture, habits, values) represent a strong socio-cultural element to the actors belonging to the core that guides behavior and actions of these individuals, fueled by a sense of hope, inclusion of future artisans in culture ceramist. It made a shared management, the existence of a unique work through cultural revival. However, over the course of time, the core is faced with dilemmas of managing transitions mainly regarding governmental, technological beyond endurance by the craftsmen for the optimization of their work. The conclusion - that the paths chosen for the organizational survival of the core meaning and guiding their actions in the systematization of conduct, representations, memories and traditions through habits and choices of consensus, the viewpoint of the actors

Apoio governamental à inovação tecnológica: análise da indústria farmacêutica paraense

The transformations economical, cultural and social that happen in world ambit they are associated to the intense progress and expansion of new technologies, forcing governments, people, companies and nations to the introduction of new patterns of behavior, forcing, in that way, to the continuous renewal of products and technological processes to maintain the competitiveness, so much among nations, as in the managerial world. In that matter, the technological innovation is recognized as basic factor of maintainable economical competitiveness, being the responsible for the breaking and/or improvement of the techniques and production processes, what presupposes the systematization varied institutional arrangements that they involve firms, interaction nets among companies, government agencies, universities, research institutes, laboratories of companies and scientists and engineers activities. Those arrangements, to the if they articulate with the educational system, with the industrial and managerial section and, also, with the financial institutions, they take the form that Freeman (1987) it coined of national system of innovation, promoted through public politics of CT&I, which seek to induce and to support innovative initiatives in the companies, as well as to establish demands and to prioritize vocations and regional potentialities. In that context of government support to the technological innovation interferes this study, that it looked for to know the reasons of the fragility innovative in the pharmaceutical industry of State of Pará in Brazil, pointed for PINTEC (2005), starting from the point of view of the businessmen of that section. For such, the qualitative approach was used - with interviews directing semi and the technique of the content analysis. The results of the research pointed that the fragilities innovative of the section links to the ignorance of the government support to the technological innovation on the part of the businessmen of the pharmaceutical industry of State of Pará in Brazil

CAPACIDADES DINÂMICAS COMO FATOR RELEVANTE NO DESEMPENHO ORGANIZACIONAL EM INDÚSTRIAS DE BASE TECNOLÓGICA

RESUMOVIEIRA, Renata Poliana. Capacidades dinâmicas como fator relevante no desempenho organizacional em indústrias de base tecnologica. 2016. Dissertação de Mestrado – Faculdade de Ciências Empresarias (FUMEC), Belo Horizonte.A disputa das organizações pela liderança, em um mercado imprevisível que se move com rapidez, está relacionada à sua capacidade de adaptação e inovação às forças externas.Com a disponibilidade de informação cada vez mais abundante e dispersa, o aprendizado contínuo torna-se uma habilidade indispensável para a aquisição de recursos e competências necessários para o desempenho organizacional.A interdependência dos processos organizacionais com a gestão do conhecimento e inovação será abordada, no contexto deste trabalho, através de dois construtos: Capacidades dinâmicas e Desempenho organizacional.Busca-se definir um modelo viável para mensurar e aprimorar a atuação das capacidades dinâmicas e, consequentemente obter desempenho organizacional, em indústrias de base tecnológica. Esse segmento reúne características bem específicas: empregar profissionais de alta qualificação; investimento em pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D); vinculação a universidades e centros de pesquisa; Vulnerabilidade aos constantes avanços tecnológicos em escala global, dentre outros.Palavras-chave: Gestão do Conhecimento; Inovação; Capacidades Dinâmicas; Desempenho Organizacional; Indústrias de Base Tecnológica.

INOVAÇÃO ABERTA COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA CRIAÇÃO DE VALOR EM EMPRESAS DE BASE TECNOLÓGICA

As empresas diante do cenário dinâmico e competitivo em que se encontra, busca estratégias para atender a demanda do mercado de maneira a criar valor e diferenciais perante a concorrência. Nessa perspectiva a inovação é considerada ferramenta para o ganho de vantagem competitiva e tem sido buscada por meio de estímulos à geração de ideias, do desenvolvimento do capital intelectual e da utilização eficiente de recursos. Porém, o que se vê em algumas empresas é a ausência de recursos que permitam seu crescimento, sejam financeiros, pessoais ou tecnológicos. Nesse sentido, a utilização da inovação aberta surge como proposta para criação de valor organizacional e permite que as organizações se apoiem umas às outras, transferindo conhecimento, recursos financeiros e até mesmo, recursos tecnológicos. Nesse sentido, esse projeto tem como objetivo realizar um estudo sobre os fatores advindas da inovação aberta que influenciam as empresas de base tecnológica na criação de valor. Para tal, serão estudados os requisitos desse tipo de empresa e os construtos principais da inovação aberta e da criação de valor. Após esse estudo, por meio de uma análise quantitativa, poderão ser identificados os fatores que influenciem a criação de valor a esse tipo de empresa quando a inovação aberta é aplicada. 

Identificación de oportunidades de mejora tecnológica enfocada en la seguridad vial en una carretera

Las carreteras colombianas, en general, presentan algunos sectores con un riesgo de accidentalidad alto los cuales pueden ser producto de factores propios que presenta la vía, es posible mencionar la superficie de rodadura que tenga la vía en su actualidad, la geometría que pueda presentar en segmentos rectos o curvas, las estructuras de contención, las obras de arte, los taludes cercanos, los terraplenes, objetos fijos como rocas o árboles y de igual manera existen algunos agentes externos diferentes a la vía que también pueden representar un potencial riesgo en la carretera como son las condiciones climatológicas, las decisiones de tipo político-administrativo, las condiciones y pericias del conductor, los problemas de salud, las condiciones del vehículo, entre muchas otras; todo esto se le es evaluado a la infraestructura existente en el momento que se presenta algún accidente de tránsito, para que permita determinar las posibles causas de cómo puedo pasar. El presente trabajo busca realizar unas recomendaciones a través de una metodología externa que se ha sido aplicada a nivel mundial en las carreteras principales de diferentes países, de este modo poder identificar estos factores y así proponer posibles soluciones que permitan mejorar las condiciones actuales de la carretera y de este modo mejorar la seguridad de quien la está usando.