Estimativas da radiação difusa horária incidente em superfícies inclinadas com base na transmissividade atmosférica

Evaluated statistical equations estimates (based on radiometric fractions) of the hourly diffuse radiation incident on inclined surfaces for the North to 12.85, 22.85 and 32.85°, the climate and geographical conditions of Botucatu, SP. The database was generated from April/1998 to December/2007, with measures in the three tilted surfaces in different periods, but concomitant to the horizontal plane. In the validation of the equations were used indicative statistics MBE (mean absolute error), RMSE (square root mean square error) and index adjustment (d) for three inclinations and conditions of sky coverage. The increased angle of inclination of the surface led to increased scattering of hourly values for the coefficient of atmospheric transmissivity of diffuse radiation for inclined and horizontal surfaces. Estimates of diffuse radiation on the basis of hourly tilted horizontal global radiation occur for quadratic polynomial models, which adjust K'Dβ maximum values of between 0.14 and 0.30 for winter and summer when KTH varies between 0.40 and 0.66, indicating that energy, the highest values of diffuse radiation occur in partly cloudy sky conditions and / or partially open. The increase in atmospheric transmissivity decreases the performance of annual and monthly equations at all inclinations.

Influência da temperatura no crescimento micelial de linhagens de Lentinula edodes

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the in vitro mycelial growth of ten L. edodes strains (LED 12, LED 20, LED 25, LED 27, LED 33, LED 35, LED 51, LED 55, LED 58 and LED 75) submitted to the temperatures of 15, 20 and 25 ºC. An agar medium prepared with eucalyptus wood extract and soy bran was used and radial measurement of the mycelial growth of L. edodes strains was performed. The experimental design was totally randomized, in a 10 x 3 factorial scheme. Each treatment corresponded to a Petri plate and consisted of 5 repetitions. It was verified that L. edodes growth is influenced by the incubation temperature, that is the temperature of 25 ºC was the most favorable for the mycelial growth of all L. edodes strains, especially for LE 75, LE 55, LE 33 and LE 12 strains, which obtained the highest mycelial growth averages at 25 ºC at the end of the cultivation cycle.

Produção semissólida de metarhizium anisopliae e beauveria bassiana em diferentes substratos e efeito da radiação ultravioleta e da temperatura sobre propágulos desses entomopatógenos

The present study was aimed to evaluate different (semi-solid) media for the production of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana propagules, and to evaluate the tolerance of these propagules to ultraviolet radiation and temperature. The experiments were performed at the Biological Control Laboratory of the Instituto Biológico at Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. For both fungi, 6 repetitions were performed for each of the 17 treatments: corn starch, full rice, parboiled rice, type-1 rice, type-2 rice, oat flakes, canjiquinha [grits], wheat flour, raw cassava flour, yellow corn flour, special wheat flour, corn flour, corn in grains, cassava starch, soy in grains, crushed wheat, and turf. The viability analysis was done in plastic plates containing BDA. For the bioassays involving exposure to ultraviolet light and temperature, BDA was also used for viability analysis, and each treatment was exposed to the UV radiation for 0, 25 and 50 seconds, the temperature exposure being at 20, 25, 30 and 35º C. Using a Potter tower, 2 mL of fungus suspension from each treatment was inoculated to the Diatraea saccharalis caterpillars. Regarding the sporulation, the largest concentrations of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana were found for the treatments with parboiled rice, type-1 rice, type-2 rice, yellow corn flour, corn flour and crushed wheat. The viability of all treatments was superior to 94.00%. Also, the longer the duration of the exposition to the UV, the smaller the number of fertile conidia. At 35o C, a significant loss of conidia viability was observed, and all the treatments presented some level of virulence.

Qualidade pós-colheita de abacates "hass" mantidos em temperatura ambiente e tratados com diferentes radiações

This study aimed the avocado ‘Hass’ conservation with the use of radiation. We performed two experiments: Experiment I – fruits irradiated with different doses of cobalt-60 gamma irradiation(0,0; 0,2; 0,4; 0,6 e 1,0 kGy); Experiment II – fruit irradiated by electron accelerator in different doses (0,0; 0,48; 0,8; 1,12 e 1,45 MeV), both maintained at room temperature of 21±1 °C and at relative humidity of 79±5 %. Antioxidant capacity, total phenolic compounds, fresh weight loss, and respiration rate evaluation were performed every three days for 12 days. The experimental design was completely randomized with three replicates per treatment. For statistical analysis, the Tukey test at 5% probability was employed. Under the conditions in which the experiments were performed, the results showed that the gamma radiation use retained the fruits for 12 days, regardless the doses applied. The radiation by electron accelerator use also promote the fruits preservation, regardless the doses employed.

Efeito da modificação atmosférica em goiabas var. Paluma na redução de danos mecânicos em pós-colheita

In the postharvest management, the fruits can be exposed to injuries that depreciated the quality and the shelf life. Thus, it was evaluated the modified atmosphere effects on guavas var. Paluma subjected to different mechanical damages. Once harvested, the fruits were selected, sanitized and submitted to the treatments T1 (control) - without injuries or packaging in bags of low density polyethylene (LDPE); T2 - without injuries + LDPE bags; T3 - damage by fall of 1 m + LDPE bags; T4 - damage by compression of 9 N + LDPE bags; T5 - damage by fall of 1 m + damage by compression of 9 N + LDPE bags and T6 - damage by fall of 1 m + damage by compression of 9 N without LDPE bags. The treatments were kept in cold storage at 10 ± 1 o C and 94 ± 2% de R.H. The analysis of CO2/ethylene production, enzymatic activity, total and soluble pectins, pulp firmness, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), reducing sugars and ascorbic acid were performed every 10 days of refrigeration, and an additional day outside cold storage (22 ± 1o C and 75 ± 3% R.H.) for 30 days. Guavas packed in LDPE bags, not subject to mechanical damage, presented the best quality standards. The fruits suffered only one kind of damage, when packaged, presented satisfactory pattern compared to the fruits without package and not exposed to any mechanical damages. Applying the two kinds of damages, the LDPE packaging was not adequate to decrease the metabolic rate of these fruits, making them unfit for marketing.

Estimativa da irradiação solar global pelo método de Angstrom-Prescott e técnicas de aprendizado de máquinas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Modelos de Schwinger, Thirring e Kondo à temperatura finita: um estudo

Pós-graduação em Física - IFT

Influência da temperatura e do termoperíodo sobre a taxa metabólica de repouso em cascavéis, Crotalus durissus (Serpentes: Viperidae)

Snakes are ectothermic animals and, therefore, their physiological functions are strongly affected by temperature. For instance, the resting metabolic rate (RMR) of this animals increase with the rise in body temperature. However, metabolic determinations in ectothermic organisms, including snakes, are generally made by submitting the animals to constant temperature regimes. This experimental procedure, although widely used, accepted and certainly suitable in several cases, submit the animals to a very different situation from that experienced by them in nature. In fact, ectothermics are known by presenting extensive variations in their body temperatures trough the day and/or seasons. If this disagreement between the thermal biology of the animals and the experimental conditions, for instance over the circadian cycle, affects the determinations of metabolic rates of ectotherm animals, remains quite uncertain. Thus, this study aimed to test the effects of different thermal regimes (fluctuating vs constant) in different temperature ranges over the TMR of rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus). Therefore, the TMR of rattlesnakes was measured by the oxygen consumption rates ( V O2) in the constant temperatures of 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C and 35°C. For fluctuating regimes, snakes were measured in thermoperiods of 12/12 hours, as follows: 15°C and 25°C; 20°C and 30°C; 25°C and 35°C. Our results show that the RMR of C. durissus rises as the temperature increases, regardless of the thermal regime. The obtained RMR in the constant regimes of 20°C and 25°C was not different from that measured in the correspondent fluctuating regimes (i.e., 15 - 25°C e 20 - 30°C). However, at constant 30°C, the RMR was significantly higher than that obtained in the 30°C fluctuating regime (25 - 35ºC). This indicates that the potential effects in submitting of snakes to different thermal regimes of its thermal biology become more important with...

As características da temperatura do ar em bairros com produção do espaço urbano distintas: uma análise do Parque Higienópolis e Jd. Morada do Sol em Presidente Prudente-SP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Umidificação e aquecimento do gás inalado em estação de anestesia com baixo fluxo de gases frescos com ou sem isolamento térmico do circuito ventilatório e com ou sem permutador de umidade e temperatura

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Levantamento de nematoides entomopatogênicos em áreas agrícolas e influência da temperatura e do substrato na sobrevivência, multiplicação e armazenamento

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

Influência da temperatura e do termoperíodo sobre a taxa metabólica de repouso em cascavéis, Crotalus durissus (Serpentes: Viperidae)

Snakes are ectothermic animals and, therefore, their physiological functions are strongly affected by temperature. For instance, the resting metabolic rate (RMR) of this animals increase with the rise in body temperature. However, metabolic determinations in ectothermic organisms, including snakes, are generally made by submitting the animals to constant temperature regimes. This experimental procedure, although widely used, accepted and certainly suitable in several cases, submit the animals to a very different situation from that experienced by them in nature. In fact, ectothermics are known by presenting extensive variations in their body temperatures trough the day and/or seasons. If this disagreement between the thermal biology of the animals and the experimental conditions, for instance over the circadian cycle, affects the determinations of metabolic rates of ectotherm animals, remains quite uncertain. Thus, this study aimed to test the effects of different thermal regimes (fluctuating vs constant) in different temperature ranges over the TMR of rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus). Therefore, the TMR of rattlesnakes was measured by the oxygen consumption rates ( V O2) in the constant temperatures of 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C and 35°C. For fluctuating regimes, snakes were measured in thermoperiods of 12/12 hours, as follows: 15°C and 25°C; 20°C and 30°C; 25°C and 35°C. Our results show that the RMR of C. durissus rises as the temperature increases, regardless of the thermal regime. The obtained RMR in the constant regimes of 20°C and 25°C was not different from that measured in the correspondent fluctuating regimes (i.e., 15 - 25°C e 20 - 30°C). However, at constant 30°C, the RMR was significantly higher than that obtained in the 30°C fluctuating regime (25 - 35ºC). This indicates that the potential effects in submitting of snakes to different thermal regimes of its thermal biology become more important with...

As características da temperatura do ar em bairros com produção do espaço urbano distintas: uma análise do Parque Higienópolis e Jd. Morada do Sol em Presidente Prudente-SP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Umidificação e aquecimento do gás inalado em estação de anestesia com baixo fluxo de gases frescos com ou sem isolamento térmico do circuito ventilatório e com ou sem permutador de umidade e temperatura

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Levantamento de nematoides entomopatogênicos em áreas agrícolas e influência da temperatura e do substrato na sobrevivência, multiplicação e armazenamento

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA