Cariogenicidade do leite materno: mito ou evidência científica

Introduction: Breast-feeding has stood out as health care measure and is part of the Government’s National Health Policy, involving dental professionals. However, it has been suggested that breast milk could be a risk factor for the development of early childhood caries. Objective: The purpose of this report was to search for scientific evidence that would support or refute the statement that breastfeeding is associated with the development of early childhood caries. Method: Medline and SciELO databases were consulted to retrieve studies, ranging from laboratory investigations to epidemiological surveys, which relate breastfeeding to dental caries. The key words ‘breast-feeding’ and ‘dental caries’ were used on the reference search. There was no scientific evidence that could demonstrate a clear relationship between breast milk and cariogenicity. This is attributed to fact that dental caries is a multifactorial disease that is susceptible to multiple confusing factors, among which the early introduction of sucrose to the infant’s diet and late introduction of oral hygiene habits. The dentist should encourage exclusive breast-feeding because, in addition to the undeniable benefits to the child’s physical and psychological health, it contributes to a harmonic facial growth and prevents the development of atypical deglutition and malocclusions, in combination with early introduction of oral hygiene habits and noncariogenic diet. Conclusion: There is no scientific evidence to demonstrate an association between breast-feeding and early childhood caries.

Estudio descriptivo in vitro de dos agentes blanqueadores de distinta concentración sobre la micromorfología del esmalte bovino

Dental tooth bleaching is a conservative option for the treatment of tooth stains. It is based on the use of hydrogen peroxide as an active agent. Despite its effectiveness to lighten tooth colour, there is concern regarding its use due to the effects it could have over enamel surface. There is scarce evidence on the subject and contradictions exist between different authors. The aim of this study was to compare enamel surface micromorphology after bleaching teeth with different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide solutions. Method: 50 healthy bovine incisors sectioned horizontally at the cemento-enamel junction were prepared. Contents of pulp chamber and tooth surfaces were cleaned. The buccal surface of each tooth was divided vertically, assigning one half to the control group (CG) and the other randomly to: Group 1: 25 samples treated with 15% hydrogen peroxide with nitrogen doped titanium dioxide. Group 2: 25 samples treated with 35% hydrogen peroxide. Square samples (2x2 mm.) were obtained and observed by SEM (magnification of 5.000x and 10.000x). Results: All treated groups showed longitudinal depressions on the surface and increased surface roughness. Conclusions: Tooth bleaching with hydrogen peroxide produces subclinical alterations over bovine enamel surface. 15% hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent produced less micromorphology alteration over bovine enamel surface than the 35% hydrogen peroxide agent.

Monitoração dos parâmetros reprodutivos e perfil sorológico do herpesvírus caprino tipo 1 e do herpesvírus bovino tipo 1 em rebanhos caprinos dos estados de São Paulo e Minas Gerais

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Abacate (Persea americana Mill.) na alimentação de cabras: produção, composição e perfil de ácidos graxos no leite e parâmetros ruminais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Desenvolvimento e avaliação físico-química, sensorial e da estabilidade de ácido ascórbico de doce de leite com pimenta

The dulce de leche or milk candy is a food widely consumed in Brazil, which shows typical characteristics of taste, color, flavor and texture. The lady-finger red pepper is regularly present on the Brazilian people table as this product contains a pungent flavor favoring various spices; and it is also rich in ascorbic acid (vitamin C) which is an excellent antioxidant. This study aimed at developing a dulce de leche containing lady-finger red pepper, and to determine the composition of the product. Also, the ascorbic acid contents were quantified in products stored for different periods (0, 30 and 60 days). The product acceptance by consumers on the sensory characteristics was evaluated by means of hedonic scale for color, aroma, flavor and texture attributes. The composition of the product was in accordance with the legislation in force, and the ascorbic acid contents were practically stable during the storage, and the sensory analyses indicated that the red pepper-containing dulce de leche was well accepted.

Sistema adesivo universal: influência da técnica de condicionamento e da pressão pulpar com soro fetal bovino ou água deionizada na resistência de união à dentina humana

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Poesia é isso e aquilo: um estudo das reflexões metapoéticas na poesia de Sebastião Uchoa Leite

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Colostro e leite de éguas: análise mirobiológica e contagem de células somáticas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Expressão diferencial de mRNA em células de cultivo infectadas ple herpesvírus bovino 5

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Indicadores de qualidade e composição de leite informal comercializado na região Sudeste do Estado de São Paulo

The informal milk is recognized as the product marketed without inspection. We evaluated the microbiological quality, nutritional ingredients and substances inhibiting bacterial growth in 100 informal samples from cows milk, marketed in the southwest region of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. It was found that 77% of Somatic Cell Count (SCC) and 86% of Total Bacterial Count (TBC) of the samples were at odds with the maximum values required by Instruction Rules 62 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Supply. It was identified to solids contents in disagreement (36%), protein (23%), fat (38%), nonfat dry extract (43%) and 73% urea nitrogen. In 59% of the samples was detected residues of the bacterial growth inhibitors. Were isolated 240 strains of micro-organisms with a prevalence of enterobacteria, streptococci, staphylococci and fungi. The informal milk is marketed in the region without the minimum hygienic conditions and present risks to public health, and represents serious socio-economic problem for the region.

Padronização de técnica manual para obtenção de plasma rico em plaquetas de bovino

To evaluate the biochemical profile and protein concentration of whey from milk samples of healthy Murrah primiparous and pluriparous buffaloes, 30 female buffaloes were analyzed during a complete lactation. The animals were divided into three groups: G1 = 10 primiparous buffaloes, G2 = 10 pluriparous buffaloes with 2-3 lactations and G3 = 10 pluriparous buffaloes with > 3 lactations. The lactation period was divided into: early stage (I: 1-3 months of lactation), intermediate stage (T: 4-6 months of lactation) and final stage (F: 7-9 months of lactation). Before milk sampling, physical examination of the mammary gland, strip cup test and California Mastitis Test (CMT) were performed. After mammary quarters asepsis, 20mL of milk were collected monthly from each mammary quarter, during a complete lactation, in sterilized plastic bottles without preservative, in order to perform microbiological isolation, biochemical profile and protein electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and 30mL of milk from each mammary quarter were collect, in sterilized plastic bottles containing preservative bronopol to perform the somatic cell count (SCC). A total of 1,042 milk samples were collected from the experimental groups during lactation, of which 923 samples showed negative reaction to CMT and negative microbiological isolation and were selected to biochemical profile analysis and protein electrophoresis in SDS-PAGE. There were influence of parity order and stage of lactation in biochemical profile and protein concentration of healthy Murrah buffaloes'whey. Primiparous buffaloes (G1) showed higher gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT: 2,346 U/L), alkaline phosphatase (ALP: 181 U/L), phosphorus (P; 56.6mg/dL), potassium (K; 32.0mg/dL) and alpha-lactalbumin (458mg/dL). Buffaloes with 2-3 lactations (G2) showed higher SCC (70,700 cells/mL) and higher concentrations of total protein (1.55g/dL), albumin (100mg/dL), magnesium (Mg; 8.80mg/dL), chlorides (Cl; 176mg/dL), iron (Fe; 10.7 mu g/dL), sodium (Na; 178mMol/L) and lactoferrin (59.5mg/dL). Bufalloes with > 3 lactations (G3) showed higher concentrations of total calcium (Ca; 41.8mg/dL), ionized calcium (iCa; 2.92mMol/L), immunoglobulin A (IgA; 1.32mg/dL), serum albumin (99.1mg/dL), immunoglobulin G (IgG; 49.7mg/dL) and beta-lactoglobulin (1,068mg/dL). During lactation it was observed increase in SCC, GGT, ALP, total protein, albumin, P, Mg, Cl, Na, lactoferrin, serum albumin, IgG and alpha-lactalbumin, as well as decrease in concentrations of Ca, Fe, iCa, K, IgA and beta-lactoglobulin in buffaloes'whey. The results may be used as reference for buffaloes and to support diagnosis and prognosis of diseases common to lactation periods.

Suplementação com gordura protegida para vacas de corte desmamadas precocemente mantidas em pastagem natural

The objective of this work was to evaluate the productive and reproductive performance of beef cows, as well as the performance of their calves according to the following dietary treatments: PRE: supplemented with protected fat (PF) during 45 days prepartum; PREPOS: supplemented with PF during 45 days prepartum and 63 days postpartum; POS: supplemented with PF during 63 days postpartum; PN: without supplementation. The productive performance of cows was not influenced by feed management (P>0.05), except for body condition score (BCS), which was lower for PRE and PREPOS cows at the end of mating season, with the latter cows having similar BCS POS and PN. The calving interval (CI) was shorter for cows supplemented in PREPOS - 376 days -, and did not differ in cows maintained in PN - 383 days. Supplemented PREPOS cows weaned 4.4% more pounds of calf per 100kg of cow at calving - 22.6kg - than the PRE and POS cows - 21.6kg and 21.6kg, respectively - and 8,4% more pounds of calf per 100 of cow at calving than the cows maintained in native pasture - 20.7kg. The fat protected supplementation during pre and/or postpartum periods did not affect the performance of cows and calves.

Elaboração e implantação do sistema de análise de perigos e pontos críticos de controle no processamento de leite pasteurizado tipo A

Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) is one of the main tools currently used to ensure safety, quality and integrity of foods. So, the aim of this study was to develop and implement the HACCP program in the processing of pasteurized grade A milk Checklists were used to assess on the level of the pre requisites programs and on the sanitary classification of the dairy industry and the results were used as references for the development of the HACCP system. A "decision tree" protocol was used for the identification of the critical control points (CCP). No physical or chemical CCP were identified, whereas pasteurization and packaging were considered biological CCP For these CCP, the limits for prevention, monitoring needs, corrective actions, critical limits and verification procedures were established. The pre requisites program was essential for the establishment of the system. The implementation of the HACCP for the processing of grade A pasteurized milk was efficient to control the biological hazards and enabled the product to comply with the legislation specifications and achieve safety.