996 resultados para -Er^3
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The electrorheological (ER) effect is known as the change in the apparent viscosity upon the application of an external electric field perpendicular to the flow direction. In this work we present the electrorheological behaviour of suspensions in silicone oil of two different dispersed phases: foams of liquid crystal 4-n-penthyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) encapsulated in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and nano/microspheres of 5CB encapsulated in silica. We will present the viscosity curves under the application of an electric field ranging between 0 and 3 kV mm(-1). The ER effect was observed for the suspensions of 5CB/PVA but not in the case of 5CB/silica. For the case of the suspensions of 5CB/PVA, the effect of the viscosity of the continuum phase and the concentration of the dispersed phase was analysed, showing that the enhancement of the viscosity of the suspension increases with the concentration, as expected, however the continuum phase viscosity has no significant effect, at least in the investigated viscosity range.
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Two groups of patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) maintenance were evaluated for their antibody response to non-structural c100/3 protein and structural core protein of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Forty-six patients (Group 1) never presented liver abnormalities during HD treatment, while 52 patients (Group 2) had either current or prior liver enzyme elevations. Prevalence rates of 32.6% and 41.3% were found for anti-c100/3 and anti-HCV core antibodies, respectively, in patients with silent infections (Group 1). The rate of anti-c100/3 in patients of Group 2 was 71.15% and reached 86.5% for anti-HCV core antibodies. The recognition of anti-c100/3 and anti-core antibodies was significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1. A line immunoassay composed of structural and non-structural peptides was used as a confirmation assay. HBV infection, measured by the presence of anti-HBc antibodies, was observed in 39.8% of the patients. Six were HBsAg chronic carriers and 13 had naturally acquired anti-HBs antibodies. The duration of HD treatment was correlated with anti-HCV positivity. A high prevalence of 96.7% (Group 2) was found in patients who underwent more than 5 years of treatment. Our results suggest that anti-HCV core ELISA is more accurate for detecting HCV infection than anti-c100/3. Although the risk associated with the duration of HD treatment and blood transfusion was high, additional factors such as a significant non-transfusional spread of HCV seems to play a role as well. The identification of infective patients by more sensitive methods for HCV genome detection should help to control the transmission of HCV in the unit under study.
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Objective The aim of this study was to determine tympanometric values of children who attend Oporto daycare centers and further analyze any relations with host and environmental factors. Methods Cross sectional study in a randomly selected sample of 117 daycare children up-to 3-years old from Oporto. Tympanometric measures were collected. Results Children presented in left ear (LE) a mean peak pressure (PP) of 156.53 daPa and a mean compliance of 0.16 cm3. Right ear (RE) revealed a PP of 145.61 daPa and a compliance of 0.19 cm3. Normal tympanograms (type A) had a lower frequency than abnormal tympanograms (type B and type C). There was a positive association between age and compliance (LE: p = 0.016; RE: p = 0.013) and between the presence of rhinorrhea and PP (LE: p = 0.002; RE: p < 0.05). Abnormal tympanograms were more frequent in Spring (RE: p = 0.009), in younger children (LE: p = 0.03) and in children that had rhinorrhea (LE: p = 0.002; RE: p = 0.044). Healthy children had a mean PP of 125.19 daPa and a mean compliance of 0.21 cm3 in LE and a mean PP of 144.27 daPa and a mean compliance of 0.22 cm3 in RE. Conclusion Tympanometric measures presented in this paper may be applicable to Oporto daycare children up-to 3 years-old. Most of daycare children revealed abnormal tympanograms. Age, rhinorrhea and season influenced children's middle-ear condition.
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Resumo: A deciso da teraputica hormonal no tratamento do cancro da mama baseiase na determinao do receptor de estrognio alfa por imunohistoqumica (IHC). Contudo, a presena deste receptor no prediz a resposta em todas as situaes, em parte devido a limitaes do mtodo IHC. Investigmos se a expresso dos genes ESR1 e ESR2, bem como a metilao dos respectivos promotores, pode estar relacionada com a evoluo desfavorvel de uma proporo de doentes tratados com tamoxifeno assim como com a perda dos receptores de estrognio alfa (ER) e beta (ER). Amostras de 211 doentes com cancro da mama diagnosticado entre 1988 e 2004, fixadas em formalina e preservadas em parafina, foram utilizadas para a determinao por IHC da presena dos receptores ER e ER. O mRNA total do gene ESR1 e os nveis especficos do transcrito derivado do promotor C (ESR1_C), bem como dos transcritos ESR2_1, ESR2_2/cx, and ESR2_5 foram avaliados por Real-time PCR. Os promotores A e C do gene ESR1 e os promotores 0K e 0N do gene ESR2 foram investigados por anlise de metilao dos dinucleotidos CpG usando bisulfite-PCR para anlise com enzimas de restrio, ou para methylation specific PCR. Atendendo aos resultados promissores relacionados com a metilao do promotor do gene ESR1, complementamos o estudo com um mtodo quantitativo por matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) suportado pelo software Epityper para a medio da metilao nos promotores A e C. Fez-se a avaliao da estabilidade do mRNA nas linhas celulares de cancro da mama MCF-7 e MDA-MB-231 tratadas com actinomicina D. Baixos nveis do transcrito ESR1_C associaram-se a uma melhor sobrevivncia global (p = 0.017). Nveis elevados do transcrito ESR1_C associaram-se a uma resposta inferior ao tamoxifeno (HR = 2.48; CI 95% 1.24-4.99), um efeito mais pronunciado em doentes com tumores de fentipo ER/PgR duplamente positivo (HR = 3.41; CI 95% 1.45-8.04). A isoforma ESR1_C mostrou ter uma semi-vida prolongada, bem como uma estrutura secundria da regio 5UTR muito mais relaxada em comparao com a isoforma ESR1_A. A anlise por Western-blot mostrou que ao nvel da 21 protena, a selectividade de promotores indistinguivel. No se detectou qualquer correlao entre os nveis das isoformas do gene ESR2 ou entre a metilao dos promotores do gene ESR2, e a deteco da protena ER. A metilao do promotor C do gene ESR1, e no do promotor A, foi responsvel pela perda do receptor ER. Estes resultados sugerem que os nveis do transcrito ESR1_C sejam usados como um novo potencial marcador para o prognstico e predio de resposta ao tratamento com tamoxifeno em doentes com cancro da mama. Abstract: The decision of endocrine breast cancer treatment relies on ER IHC-based assessment. However, ER positivity does not predict response in all cases in part due to IHC methodological limitations. We investigated whether ESR1 and ESR2 gene expression and respective promoter methylation may be related to non-favorable outcome of a proportion of tamoxifen treated patients as well as to ER and ER loss. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded breast cancer samples from 211 patients diagnosed between 1988 and 2004 were submitted to IHC-based ER and ER protein determination. ESR1 whole mRNA and promoter C specific transcript levels, as well as ESR2_1, ESR2_2/cx, and ESR2_5 transcripts were assessed by real-time PCR. ESR1 promoters A and C, and ESR2 promoters 0N and 0K were investigated by CpG methylation analysis using bisulfite-PCR for restriction analysis, or methylation specific PCR. Due to the promising results related to ESR1 promoter methylation, we have used a quantification method by matrixassisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDITOF MS) together with Epityper software to measure methylation at promoters A and C. mRNA stability was assessed in actinomycin D treated MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. ER protein was quantified using transiently transfected breast cancer cells. Low ESR1_C transcript levels were associated with better overall survival (p = 0.017). High levels of ESR1_C transcript were associated with non-favorable response in tamoxifen treated patients (HR = 2.48; CI 95% 1.24-4.99), an effect that was more pronounced in patients with ER/PgR double-positive tumors (HR = 3.41; CI 95% 1.45-8.04). The ESR1_C isoform had a prolonged mRNA half-life and a more relaxed 5UTR structure compared to ESR1_A isoform. Western-blot analysis showed that at protein level, the promoter selectivity is undistinguishable. There was no correlation between levels of ESR2 isoforms or ESR2 promoter methylation and ER protein staining. ESR1 promoter C CpG methylation and not promoter A was responsible for ER loss. We propose ESR1_C levels as a putative novel marker for breast cancer prognosis and prediction of tamoxifen response.
Projeto de torres metlicas de suporte de cabos de energia eltrica - Aplicao da parte 3-1 Eurocdigo 3
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Mestrado em Engenharia Civil Ramo Estruturas
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Comunicao apresentada no Ciclo de Debates "Pensar a Administrao Pblica", 15. Sesso - Tecnologia e Cidadania: a AP distncia de um clique, organizada pelo INA, em Lisboa a 4 de junho de 2015
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Dissertao apresentada Escola Superior de Comunicao Social como parte dos requisitos para obteno de grau de mestre em Audiovisual e Multimdia.
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Dissertao apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessrios obteno do grau de Mestre em Cincias da Educao (rea de Especializao em Anlise e Interveno em Educao)
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Dissertao apresentada como requisito parcial para obteno do grau de Mestre em Estatstica e Gesto de Informao.
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The currently used pre-exposure anti-rabies immunization schedule in Brazil is the one called 3+1, employing suckling mouse brain vaccine (3 doses on alternate days and the last one on day 30). Although satisfactory results were obtained in well controlled experimental groups using this immunization schedule, in our routine practice, VNA levels lower than 0.5 IU/ml are frequently found. We studied the pre-exposure 3+1 schedule under field conditions in different cities on the State of So Paulo, Brazil, under variable and sometimes adverse circumstances, such as the use of different batches of vaccine with different titers, delivered, stored and administered under local conditions. Fifty out of 256 serum samples (19.5%) showed VNA titers lower than 0.5 IU/ml, but they were not distributed homogeneously among the localities studied. While in some cities the results were completely satisfactory, in others almost 40% did not attain the minimum VNA titer required. The results presented here, considered separately, question our currently used procedures for human pre-exposure anti-rabies immunization. The reasons determining this situation are discussed.
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Relatrio de estgio Pedaggico apresentado na Faculdade de Cincias e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obteno do grau de Mestre em Ensino de Biologia e Geologia no 3 Ciclo de Ensino Bsico e no Ensino Secundrio
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Relatrio apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessrios obteno do grau de Mestre em Ensino de Educao Musical no Ensino Bsico.
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The objective of this study was to compare the histopathological changes and expression of CR3 and CR4 in the liver and spleen of dogs naturally and experimentally infected with L. chagasi. The basic histopathological lesions observed mainly in naturally infected dogs were: epithelioid hepatic granulomas, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of Kupffer cells, Malpigui follicles and mononucleated cells of the red pulp of the spleen. Sections from the liver and spleen by immunocytochemistry technique showed the presence of CD11b,c\CD 18 antigens in the control and infected animals and no qualitative or quantitative differences in the liver. Nevertheless, CD18 was always increased in the spleen of naturally and experimentally infected dogs. These results indicate that there is a difference in the activaton of CD 18 in both experimental and natural cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis that should play an important role in the immunological response to Leishmania chagasi infection.
