A transactional runtime system for the Cell/BE architecture

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Cloning, expression, purification and characterization of recombinant glutathione-S-transferase from Xylella fastidiosa

Xylella fastidiosa is an important pathogen bacterium transmitted by xylem-feedings leafhoppers that colonizes the xylem of plants and causes diseases on several important crops including citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) in orange and lime trees. Glutathione-S-transferases (GST) form a group of multifunctional isoenzymes that catalyzes both glutathione (GSH)-dependent conjugation and reduction reactions involved in the cellular detoxification of xenobiotic and endobiotic compounds. GSTs are the major detoxification enzymes found in the intracellular space and mainly in the cytosol from prokaryotes to mammals, and may be involved in the regulation of stress-activated signals by suppressing apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1. In this study, we describe the cloning of the glutathione-S-transferase from X. fastidiosa into pET-28a(+) vector, its expression in Escherichia coli, purification and initial structural characterization. The purification of recombinant xfGST (rxfGST) to near homogeneity was achieved using affinity chromatography and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). SEC demonstrated that rxfGST is a homodimer in solution. The secondary and tertiary structures of recombinant protein were analyzed by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy, respectively. The enzyme was assayed for activity and the results taken together indicated that rxfGST is a stable molecule, correctly folded, and highly active. Several members of the GST family have been extensively studied. However, xfGST is part of a less-studied subfamily which yet has not been structurally and biochemically characterized. In addition, these studies should provide a useful basis for future studies and biotechnological approaches of rxfGST. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Mutagenic and genotoxic effects of the Atrazine herbicide in Oreochromis niloticus (Perciformes, Cichlidae) detected by the micronuclei test and the comet assay

Atrazine is the triazinic herbicide most found in the rural aquatic environments due to its extensive use and its stability in such places. The mutagenicity and the genotoxicity of different concentrations of the Atrazine herbicide were determinated by the micronucleus test and the comet assay, using Oreochromis niloticus as test-system. The tested concentrations of Atrazine herbicide were 6.25, 12.5 and 25 mu g/L, both for the micronuclei test and for the comet assay. The results showed a significant rate of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities for all the tested concentrations of Atrazine herbicide. For the comet assay, we also observed results significantly different from the control in 6.25, 12.5 and 25 mu g/L concentrations. Due to these results, we could infer that such herbicide may be dangerous to the lives of those organisms exposed to it. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Photoluminescence in the CaXSr1-xWO4 system at room temperature

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Dynamics in dumbbell domains III. Continuity of attractors

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Behavioral effects of acute exposure to the insecticide fipronil

The effects of fipronil (Frontline (R) Top Spot) were investigated in 40 days old rats utilizing open field (OF), hole-board (HB) and elevated plus-maze (EPM) apparatus. Rats (N=15) received topical application of fipronil (70, 140 and 280 mg/kg) in the neck region and behavior was tested 3 h after administration. Animals treated with corn oil (vehicle) were used as controls. In the of test animals treated with fipronil at 140 mg/kg showed increased rearing, whereas animals exposed to 280 mg/kg showed increased freezing, grooming, and rearing. In the HB test fipronil at 280 mg/kg increased head-dip and head-dipping behaviors. In the EPM test the only observed effect was increased number of entries in both open and closed EPM arms in animals treated with 280 mg/kg. In conclusion, dermal exposure to fipronil causes effects related to emotionality, fear, and exploratory activity; results add strength to the growing concern that pirazole insecticides can be neurotoxic to humans. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Anxiogenic and antinociceptive effects induced by corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) injections into the periaqueductal gray are modulated by CRF1 receptor in mice

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Corticosterone does not change open elevated plus maze-induced antinociception in mice

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

In vitro Anthelmintic effect of Melia azedarach L. and Triclinia claussenii C. against sheep gastrointestinal nematodes

The control of parasitic diseases in small ruminants is mainly done with the use of synthetic anthelmintics. However, incorrect and indiscriminate use of these products has caused the emergence of parasite resistance. Plants with anthelmintic activity are used in folk veterinary medicine, but it is necessary to investigate and scientifically validate low-cost phytotherapeutic alternatives for future use to control gastrointestinal nematodes in small ruminants by family farmers. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic effect of plant extracts from Melia azedarach and Trichilia claussenii by the egg hatch test (EHT) and larval development test (LDT) against sheep gastrointestinal nematodes. The hexane extract of M. azedarach fruits was extracted through cold percolation and the methanol extract of T. claussenii leaves was obtained by extraction at room temperature in solvents in order of increasing polarity. The efficacy results were analyzed using the Probit program of SAS. The M. azedarach extract showed a LC50 of 572.2 mu g/mL and LC99 of 1137.8 mu g/mL in the EHT, and LC50 of 0.7 mu g/mL and LC99 of 60.81 mu g/mL in the LDT. In turn, the T. claussenii extract presented a LC50 of 263.8 mu g/mL and LC99 of 522.5 mu g/mL in the EHTand LC50 of 1.11 mu g/mL and LC99 of 26.4 mu g/mL in the LDT. Comparing the extracts of the species from the Meliaceae family, T. claussenii showed greater anti-parasite potential in vitro than M. azedarach. However, studies on the isolated compounds, toxicity and administration forms to animals are also needed to validate low-cost alternative herbal remedies for use to control gastrointestinal nematodes by family farmers. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Efeitos da membrana amniótica homógena associada ao laser arseneto de gálio-alumínio (λ=660) na reparação de mucosite oral em ratos tratados com 5-fluoruracila: análise histológica e imunohistoquímica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desempenho inicial da laranjeira Valência sobre 43 porta-enxertos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Associação e seleção genômica para características relacionadas à eficiência reprodutiva de fêmeas da raça Nelore

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Correlação dos níveis séricos e dos polimorfismos nos genes de citocinas (TNF-α, INF-γ, TGF-β1 e IL-10) com a apresentação clínica da hepatite B crônica

A hepatite B crônica apresenta amplo espectro de manifestações clínicas, resultante de diversos fatores, tais como o padrão de secreção e polimorfismo nos genes de citocinas. Este trabalho objetiva correlacionar os polimorfismos TNF-α -308G/A, INF-γ +874A/T, TGF-β1 -509C/T e IL-10 -1081A/G e os níveis séricos destas citocinas com a apresentação clínica da hepatite B. Foram selecionados 53 casos consecutivos de hepatite B, sendo divididos em grupo A (portador inativo= 30) e B (hepatite crônica/cirrose= 23). Como grupo controle, selecionaram-se 100 indivíduos com anti-HBc e anti-HBs positivos. Os níveis séricos das citocinas foram determinados por ensaios imunoenzimáticos, tipo ELISA (eBiosceince, Inc. Califórnia, San Diego, USA). A amplificação gênica das citocinas se realizou pela PCR e a análise histopatológica obedeceu à classificação METAVIR. Identificou-se maior prevalência do genótipo TNF-α -308AG (43,3% vs. 14,4%) no grupo B do que nos controles e a presença do alelo A se correlacionou com risco de infecção crônica pelo VHB (OR= 2,6). Os níveis séricos de INF-γ e de IL-10 foram maiores (p< 0,001) nos controles do que os demais grupos e, inversamente, as concentrações plasmáticas de TGF-β1 foram menores no grupo controle (p< 0,01). Observou-se, na histopatologia hepática, que atividade inflamatória > 2 se correlacionou com maiores níveis de TNF-α e de INF-γ (p< 0,05), assim como a fibrose > 2 com maiores níveis de INF-γ (p< 0,01). Na população pesquisada, menores níveis séricos de INF-γ e de IL-10 e maiores de TGF-β1 estiveram associados com a hepatite B crônica, bem como a presença do alelo A no gene TNF-α - 308 aumentou em 2,6 o risco de cronificação.

Influence of the network modifier on the characteristics of MSnO3 (M=Sr and,Ca) thin films synthesized by chemical solution deposition

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Synthesis and photocatalytic properties of bismuth titanate with different structures via oxidant peroxo method (OPM)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)