991 resultados para Governo Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003 - )
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Comunicao apresentada no 2 Congresso Nacional de Administrao Pblica "Projectos de mudana", em Lisboa, de 3 a 4 de Novembro de 2004.
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Dissertao de Mestrado em Cincia Poltica e Relaes Internacionais especializao em Estudos Polticos de rea
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Tese apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessrios obteno do grau de Doutor em Sociologia e Economia Histrica
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We analyzed the sandflies around houses and domestic animal shelters located in residences close to forests in localities on the banks of the Araguari River, Uberlândia, MG, from February 2003 to November 2004. The phlebotomines were captured in the peridomiciliary area, where Shannon traps were utilized in the peridomicile and CDC traps in animal shelters. 2,783 specimens of sandflies were captured, 2,140 females (76.9%) and 643 males (23.1%), distributed between 17 species. The most abundant species was Nyssomyia neivai (88.1%), followed by Nyssomyia whitmani (3.1%). The presence of Lutzomyia longipalpis was also confirmed, it is the main vector of Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi which causes visceral leishmaniasis. The presence of species involved in the transmission of leishmaniases in the municipality of Uberlândia is cause for concern. The presence of L. longipalpis indicates that its urbanization may not have been aleatory and instead occurred through the destruction of wild ecotopes. More studies of their occupation in anthropic environments need to be made.
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SUMMARY This study aimed at estimating the number of cases of non-negative serological reactions to Chagas disease in blood donors at the Blood Center of Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, from 2003 to 2010 and at relating them to their cities of origin. Five hundred and seventy-four non-negative results for Chagas disease were evaluated. Of these, 371 (64.8%) were reagent, and 203 (35.4%) were inconclusive. The prevalence of Chagas disease in blood donors was 0.05%. There were, on average, 72 cases/year, and a prevalence of males was observed (64.8%). Forty-three (7.49%) individuals were 18 to 30 years old; 92 (16.02%) were 31 to 40; 147 (25.61%) 41 to 50, and 292 (50.87%) were older than 50 years. It was observed that 29.3% of females with reagent serology were at their fertile age (18 and 45 years). The majority of donors were originally from cities in the southwestern and central regions of São Paulo, but individuals from other states contributed with 20%. The provenance of most donors was the city of Botucatu/SP, followed by the city of Taquarituba/SP. Therefore, the profile of donors at this blood center favors the occurrence of a larger number of non-negative serological reactions. Although there has been a significant reduction in the number of new cases/year for this disease, it is still a public-health problem, and results suggest the need for new epidemiological assessments in the studied region.
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Dissertao apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessrios obteno do grau de Mestre em Histria Contempornea.
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Dissertao apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessrios obteno do grau de Mestre em Histria Moderna e dos Descobrimentos
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Dissertao apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessrios obteno do grau de Mestre em Lnguas, Literaturas e Culturas
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Estudou-se o comportamento biolgico e histopatolgico de uma cepa genunamente mariliense de Trypanosoma cruzi, isolada em 1997 atravs de xenodiagnstico artificial. Vinte e cinco camundongos swiss foram infectados intraperitonealmente, sendo 11 utilizados para a realizao da curva parasitmica e observao da morfologia dos tripomastigotas e 14 foram sacrificados aps o 17, 23, 30, 60 e 180 dias ps-infeco e coletados corao, esfago, fgado, clon, e msculo esqueltico (fragmento da coxa direita) para anlise histopatolgica. Cultura em meio LIT foi realizada para anlise de DNA. Os resultados mostraram predomnio de formas largas, baixa parasitemia com picos mdios de 860 tripomastigotas/5mil de sangue ao redor do 20 dia de infeco. Nenhum camundongo morreu na fase aguda da infeco. Exame histopatolgico mostrou poucos ninhos de amastigotas em corao, raros em msculo esqueltico e clon com discreto processo inflamatrio. Comparada com a cepa Y, que foi isolada de uma paciente da mesma regio, notamos diferentes caractersticas biolgicas e comportamentais, porm a anlise de DNA as coloca no mesmo grupo, demonstrando a proximidade dessas cepas.
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The present open pilot study was conducted to assess the efficacy of azithromycin for the treatment of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in Araua and Varzelndia, MG. Twenty-four patients with less of six months of disease evolution were treated after clinical examination, Montenegro test and a biopsy. The treatment schemes consisted of oral doses of 500 mg per day for 3, 5 and 10 days and of 1000 mg for two days. A clinical control was performed monthly and treatment cycles were repeated when necessary until full reepithelialization of the lesions. On the occasion of the final evaluation, 20 patients had completed the study and 17 of them (85%) were cured. The time to obtain a cure was 60 days ifor 6 (30%) patients, 90 days for 7 (35%), and 120 for 4 (20%). The three patients with treatment failure received a pentavalent antimonial for 20 days. No adverse reactions to the medication were observed and a 14 month follow-up did not show recurrence in any patient. These results suggest that azithromycin can be a good therapeutic option for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania Viannia brasiliensis.
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The objective of the study was to report the first occurrence of the parasitoid Brachymeria podagrica in pupae of Ophyra aenescens, a fly of medical-sanitary importance. Human feces was used as bait to collect the insects. In the study 20 pupae of Ophyra aenescens (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Muscidae) were obtained, of which 20% of the total yielded the parasitoid Brachymeria podagrica (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae).
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Foram analisados os achados radiolgicos e manomtricos de 43 pacientes portadores de megaesfago chagsico com sorologia positiva para doena de Chagas. Encontrou-se uma reduo significante dos valores da presso mxima do corpo do esfago com relao ao estdio da esofagopatia: grau I/II - 42,9mmHg; grau III - 23,6mmHg; grau IV - 15,6mmHg. Observou-se que cinco (35,7%) pacientes classificados como grau III, do ponto de vista radiolgico, apresentaram valores da presso mxima do corpo do esfago inferiores a 20mmHg, sendo considerados portadores de megaesfago avanado, devendo ser tratados por esofagectomia subtotal com esofagogastroplastia ao invs de cardiomiotomia com vlvula anti-refluxo. Constatou-se que o estudo manomtrico til em pacientes portadores de megaesfago grau III para a escolha do melhor procedimento cirrgico.
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Com o objetivo de avaliar a funo autonmica cardaca em pacientes chagsicos residentes em rea endmica, foram avaliados, por meio da anlise computadorizada da variabilidade da freqncia cardaca, 28 pacientes idosos chagsicos na forma indeterminada, 28 pacientes idosos no-chagsicos e 28 adultos jovens. Todos os pacientes chagsicos realizaram eletrocardiograma, radiografia de trax, estudo radiolgico contrastado do esfago e clons e ecodopplercardiograma, sendo que os no-chagsicos deixaram de realizar apenas os exames contrastados. No houve diferena estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos, quanto s dimenses sistlica e diastlica e funo sistlica do ventrculo esquerdo. No houve diferena estatisticamente significante entre os grupos, quanto durao mdia do intervalo RR. Quanto varincia, desvio padro, coeficiente de variao, e ao pNN50, houve diferena estatisticamente significante entre o grupo jovem e os idosos, mas no entre os grupos idosos. Conclumos que, no estado basal, os grupos idosos chagsicos e no-chagsicos no diferiram quanto modulao autonmica cardaca no domnio do tempo.
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Em reviso feita em protocolos de 757 casos de paracoccidioidomicose foram encontrados 11 (1,5%) pacientes que previamente haviam sido submetidos gastrectomia. sugerido que semelhana do que ocorre na tuberculose, os indivduos submetidos gastrectomia apresentam maior risco para o desenvolvimento dessas infeces.
