Turing's menagerie:Talking lions, virtual bats, electric sheep and analogical peacocks: Common ground and common interest are necessary components of engagement

This theoretical paper attempts to define some of the key components and challenges required to create embodied conversational agents that can be genuinely interesting conversational partners. Wittgenstein's argument concerning talking lions emphasizes the importance of having a shared common ground as a basis for conversational interactions. Virtual bats suggests that-for some people at least-it is important that there be a feeling of authenticity concerning a subjectively experiencing entity that can convey what it is like to be that entity. Electric sheep reminds us of the importance of empathy in human conversational interaction and that we should provide a full communicative repertoire of both verbal and non-verbal components if we are to create genuinely engaging interactions. Also we may be making the task more difficult rather than easy if we leave out non-verbal aspects of communication. Finally, analogical peacocks highlights the importance of between minds alignment and establishes a longer term goal of being interesting, creative, and humorous if an embodied conversational agent is to be truly an engaging conversational partner. Some potential directions and solutions to addressing these issues are suggested.

Assessing the Societal Impact of Research: The Relational Engagement Approach

Marketing and policy researchers seeking to increase the societal impact of their scholarship should engage directly with relevant stakeholders. For maximum societal effect, this engagement needs to occur both within the research process and throughout the complex process of knowledge transfer. A relational engagement approach to research impact is proposed as complementary and building upon traditional approaches. Traditional approaches to impact employ bibliometric measures and focus on the creation and use of journal articles by scholarly audiences, an important but incomplete part of the academic process. The authors suggest expanding the strategies and measures of impact to include process assessments for specific stakeholders across the entire course of impact: from the creation, awareness, and use of knowledge to societal impact. This relational engagement approach involves the co-creation of research with audiences beyond academia. The authors hope to begin a dialogue on the strategies researchers can make to increase the potential societal benefits of their research.

Sound Art and Public Engagement in the Built Environment: Reflections from an Architecture Center

This article explores the deployment of sound in architectural-curatorial and community engagement contexts through the work of PLACE, a multidisciplinary not-for-profit architecture center in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The author, who worked with PLACE and contributed to the projects discussed here, contextualizes architecture centers and their relationship with sound before examining the specific case of sound and sound art in Northern Ireland and case studies of projects delivered by PLACE. Specifically, the article evaluates two sound installation artworks and three community engagement projects for young audiences. As a means of curating urbanism and architecture, sound-art-as-public-art affords useful strategies to examine, describe or critique the environment as alternatives to traditional architecture exhibition formats. Sound’s temporality and materiality allow sound art works to exist as temporary sculptural interventions in the urban sphere, with attendant implications for public art procurement and urban acoustics. Rich territories of engagement are opened when using sound in a community participatory context.

Content and discontent: a qualitative exploration of obstacles to elearning engagement in medical students

BACKGROUND: Elearning is ubiquitous in healthcare professions education. Its equivalence to 'traditional' educational delivery methods is well established. There is a research imperative to clarify when and how to use elearning most effectively to mitigate the potential of it becoming merely a 'disruptive technology.' Research has begun to broadly identify challenges encountered by elearning users. In this study, we explore in depth the perceived obstacles to elearning engagement amongst medical students. Sensitising concepts of achievement emotions and the cognitive demands of multi-tasking highlight why students' deeply emotional responses to elearning may be so important in their learning.

METHODS: This study used focus groups as a data collection tool. A purposeful sample of 31 participated. Iterative data gathering and analysis phases employed a constant comparative approach to generate themes firmly grounded in participant experience.

RESULTS: Key themes that emerged from the data included a sense of injustice, passivity and a feeling of being 'lost at sea'. The actual content of the elearning resource provided important context.

CONCLUSIONS: The identified themes have strong emotional foundations. These responses, interpreted through the lens of achievement emotions, have not previously been described. Appreciation of their importance is of benefit to educators involved in curriculum development or delivery.

What Counts as Young People's Civic Engagement in Times of Accountability? : On the Importance of Maintaining Openness about Young People's Civic Engagement in Education

One aspect of the ICCS study's measurement of young people's citizen competence is 'civic engagement'. In this article it is argued that even though the study's assessment captures important aspects of young people's civic engagement, too strong educational reliance on it may contribute to meagreness in the educaitonal assignment to see to an engaged citizenry. By providing deeper insight into the ICCS study's assessment rationale, and by presenting qualitatively derived examples of young people's civic engagement, it is suggested that in order to see to fruitful ways of approaching the educational task of providing for young people's civic engagement, we need to maintain openness to different depictions of civic engagement. Among them those that matter as such for the young people themselves in and through the social and material practices they take part in.

L'habilitation psychologique et l'engagement affectif envers l'organisation, le superviseur et la tâche : examen du rôle modérateur de l'âge

Le contexte de travail actuel rend l’engagement affectif (EA) des employés envers l’organisation à la fois essentiel et difficile à maintenir. De plus, la présence simultanée de plusieurs générations dans les milieux de travail entraîne un questionnement sur la façon dont les pratiques de gestion devraient ou non être adaptées pour répondre aux besoins spécifiques de chaque groupe d’âge. La recherche a permis d’établir que l’habilitation psychologique (HP) des employés est un levier prometteur pour favoriser l’EA envers l’organisation, en permettant à l’employé de répondre à ses besoins de sens, de compétence, d’autonomie et d’influence. Le rôle de chacune des dimensions spécifiques de l’HP dans le développement de l’EA a toutefois été peu étudié, de même que son impact sur l’engagement envers le superviseur et la tâche. De plus, même s’il a été suggéré que les employés de différents groupes d’âge présentaient des attentes et besoins différents sur le plan de l’habilitation psychologique au travail, peu d’études empiriques ont été réalisées sur le sujet. Avec un échantillon de 247 employés d’un établissement québécois du réseau de la santé, la présente recherche avait pour objectifs 1) de confirmer le lien entre l’HP globale et l’EA envers l’organisation, le superviseur et la tâche, 2) de vérifier la contribution relative de chacune des quatre dimensions de l’HP (sens, autonomie, compétence, influence) dans la prédiction de l’EA au travail et 3) de déterminer si l’âge modère la relation entre l’HP et l’EA au travail. Les résultats de l’étude ont permis de confirmer que le niveau d’HP globale prédit l’EA envers l’organisation, le superviseur et la tâche. Plus spécifiquement, le sens, la compétence et l’influence permettent de prédire l’EA envers l’organisation, l’autonomie et l’influence prédisent l’EA envers le superviseur, alors que le sens et l’autonomie prédisent l’EA envers la tâche. Dans la présente étude, l’âge ne jouait pas de rôle modérateur entre l’HP et l’EA au travail. Ces résultats suggèrent que les pratiques organisationnelles favorisant l’état d’HP sont un levier important et susceptible de favoriser l’engagement affectif des employés envers l’organisation, le superviseur et la tâche, et ce, indépendamment de l’âge des employés.

L'efficacité d'une intervention par manuel d'auto-traitement basée sur la thérapie d'acceptation et d'engagement appliquée à une population souffrant d'anorexie ou d'anorexie mentale atypique

L’anorexie mentale et l’anorexie mentale atypique sont des problématiques de santé mentale qui affectent une portion non négligeable de la population. Toutefois, encore très peu d’études ont permis de démontrer l’efficacité des traitements pour ces troubles. L’évolution des connaissances dans les modèles explicatifs de l’anorexie oriente vers des processus psychologiques à cibler dans le traitement différents de ceux des thérapies conventionnelles. La présente étude vise à évaluer l’efficacité de la thérapie d’acceptation et d’engagement (ACT) sous forme d’un manuel d’auto-traitement appliqué à une population souffrant d’anorexie mentale ou d’anorexie mentale atypique. Un protocole expérimental à cas unique à niveaux de base multiples a été utilisé. Quatre femmes francophones présentant un de ces deux diagnostics ont reçu le traitement sur une durée de 13 semaines. Les résultats démontrent que les niveaux quotidiens d’actions pour maîtriser le poids et de préoccupations par rapport au poids et à la nourriture ont diminué suite au traitement. Le traitement a aussi permis aux participantes de passer d’un diagnostic de sévérité clinique à un en rémission partielle. La sévérité des symptômes de trouble alimentaire a aussi diminué suite au traitement et la flexibilité de l’image corporelle des participantes a augmenté, et ce de manières cliniquement significatives. Des processus propres à l’intervention ACT sont avancés pour rendre compte des effets observés.

All the Lab's a Stage: the Use of Drama to Promote Engagement in Higher Education Science

Communicating science can be challenging at any educational level. We used informal and experiential learning to engage groups of potential University applicants in one project that involved staging a play in one of the teaching laboratories at the University of Worcester whilst a second project designed a play in house and took this to schools. In the first project the plot centred on stem cell research. School pupils and students from FE Colleges were offered complementary sessions including a lecture exploring the science behind stem cell research, a discussion on ethical aspects involved and a practical using university facilities. We ascertained attitudes to Higher Education in the students participating before and after the event. We found an enhanced view of the science and a highly significant change in attitude to attending University for students taking vocational subjects at FE level. The second project was aimed at exploring attitudes to ethics and animal welfare among a cohort of 15 – 18 year olds. Students engaged with the issues in the drama to a high degree. Our conclusions are that drama is an excellent way to inform potential students about higher education and HE level science in particular. Additionally we demonstrated the importance of events taking place at HE institutions in order to maximise change in attitudes to HE.

Disentangling Discrimination: The Impact of Political and Societal Discrimination on Democratic (Dis)Engagement

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-08

Tweeting the lecture : how social media can increase student engagement in higher education

‘Probing with the prototype’: using a prototype e-participation platform as a digital cultural probe to investigate youth engagement with the environment

This study describes how we used a prototype e-participation plat-form as a digital cultural probe to investigate youth motivation and engagement strategies. This is a novel way of considering digital cultural probes which can contribute to the better creation of e-participation platforms. This probe has been conducted as part of the research project STEP which aims at creating an e-participation platform to engage young European Citizens in environmental decision making. Our probe technique has given an insight into the environ-mental issues concerning young people across Europe as well as possible strat-egies for encouraging participation. How the e-participation platform can be utilised to support youth engagement through opportunities for social interac-tion and leadership is discussed. This study leads to a better understanding of how young people can co-operate with each other to provide collective intelli-gence and how this knowledge could contribute to effective e-participation of young people.

A network approach to overcoming barriers to market engagement for SMEs in energy efficiency initiatives such as the Green Deal

The Green Deal (GD) was launched in 2013 by the UK Government as a market-led scheme to encourage uptake of energy efficiency measures in the UK and create green sector jobs. The scheme closed in July 2015 after 30 months due to government concerns over low uptake and industry standards but additional factors potentially contributed to its failure such as poor scheme design and lack of understanding of the customer and supply chain journey. We explore the role of key delivery agents of GD services, specifically SMEs, and we use the LoCal-Net project as a case study to examine the use of networks to identify and reduce barriers to SME market engagement. We find that SMEs experienced multiple barriers to interaction with the GD such as lack of access to information, training, and confusion over delivery of the scheme but benefited from interaction with the network to access information, improve understanding of the scheme, increasing networking opportunities and forming new business models and partnerships to reduce risk. The importance of SMEs as delivery agents and their role in the design of market-led schemes such as the GD are discussed with recommendations for improving SME engagement in green sector initiatives.

An integrated measure of student perceptions of feedback, engagement and school identification

Teacher feedback influences student learning, identity construction and trajectories. This study tests the measurement properties of a questionnaire designed to assess (a) student perceptions about teacher feedback; (b) student identification with school, and; (c) student engagement. 1089 students in grades 6 through 10 (mean age 13.4) participated in the study. Factor analyses yield dimensions of School Identification, Effective Feedback, Person-Centered Feedback, Engagement, and Social Acceptance. Internal consistency for principal dimensions varied between .77 and .89. The instrument is suitable for assessing student school identification, behavioral engagement, and perceptions of teacher feedback.