Evaporative respiratory cooling augments pit organ thermal detection in rattlesnakes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Migração e trabalho: impactos do processo migratório na vivência da mulher nordestina

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

Efeito do envelhecimento na qualidade da cachaça produzida por pequenos produtores

This article reports the results of a study that aimed at evaluating the effects of aging technique on cachaça samples produced and sold by small farmers in São Paulo State, Brazil. Cachaças, aged and not aged were sent by 10 cachaça producers that take part in the community project and course: São Paulo State Contest of Distillery Cachaça and Production Chain of Cachaça Meeting, organized by the Food and Nutrition Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University, UNESP/Araraquara, SP, Brazil, in partnership with the Brazilian Service of Support to Micro and Small Enterprise of São Paulo State (SEBRAE-SP) and the Rural Union of Araraquara. The evaluation of the samples was made based on sensory tests conducted in Analysis and Quality Control of Foods and Drinks Laboratory of the Department. The survey results showed significantly higher acceptance average in the aged samples compared with not aged ones. The aging process, which was one of the topics discussed in the course, was considered as an effective way to improve the quality of cachaça, the research also confirmed the importance of the University support to improve the quality of food and drink produced in Brazil.

Morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular study of renal lesions in canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL)

Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is an anthropozoonosis characterized by a clinically chronic progressive disease. Non lymphoid organs are also affected, especially the kidneys. Dogs with leishmaniasis usually die with renal failure despite treatment. Haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining in kidney tissue sections has low sensitivity for parasite identification. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are efficient methods for Leishmania sp. antigen and DNA detection in cases of low parasite burden. The present study aims to identify renal lesions of CVL and correlate them with microscopic findings determined by histochemistry, IHC and PCR. Both IHC and PCR provided similar positivity for amastigote identification, 3/20 animals (15%), thus increasing detection of the parasite in renal tissues when compared with histopathologic examination. The lesion most commonly observed with visceral leishmaniasis-positive canine kidney tissue was membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, followed by interstitial nephritis without correlation to the number of amastigotes.

Família Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii e Pseudomonados na microbiota bucal de pacientes mantidos em unidades de terapia intensiva

Enteric organisms, pseudomonads and other opportunistic microorganisms in the oral microbiota have been linked to serious infections in patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU). The present study evaluated the presence of family Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii in the mouth of patients in ICU, correlating it with oral and systemic conditions. Data on health, socioeconomic status, medication use, drug addiction, medical and family histories of patients held for more than 72 hours in the ICU with a diagnosis of severe infection or that developed this condition after entry in said unit were obtained. Fifty patients provided clinical samples of supragingival and subgingival biofilms, saliva and oral mucous membranes were collected, as well as respiratory secretions from patients with pneumonia, blood and urine for sepsis. The presence of target microorganisms was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and by culture using selective media. The Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis, and the significance level was 5%. The intraoral clinical conditions of the patients were poor. The family Enterobacteriaceae was the most prevalent, affecting 39.5% of the supragingival biofilm samples of patients attended in ICU and 18.6% of patients in the control group, besides the rods were the only group found in extraoral samples.

Enterococcus spp. em espécimes clínicos de pacientes atendidos em unidades de terapia intensiva

The relationship between the occurrence of enterococci in the oral microbiota and serious infections in patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU) has been established. This study evaluated the presence of Enterococcus faecalis and other species of this genus in the mouths of patients on ICU, correlating it with oral and systemic conditions. Data on health and socioeconomic, medication use, medical and family history of patients maintained for 72 hours in the ICU, diagnosed with severe infection or who have developed this condition after the entry to the unit were obtained. Fifty patients provided intraoral and extraoral clinical samples for analysis (above and subgingival biofilm, saliva and buccal mucosa, followed by obtaining samples of respiratory secretions for patients with pneumonia, and blood and urine for sepsis). The presence of target microorganisms was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture using selective media. The chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis, and the significance level was 5%. The intraoral clinical conditions of the patients showed poor. E. faecalis was significantly more frequent microorganism, followed by E. faecium. The use of broadspectrum antimicrobial action was associated with the presence of these opportunistic microorganisms. These bacteria were more frequent in patients with periodontitis or gingivitis. The results showed that enterococci associated with serious infectious processes may originate from resident microbiota of patients and its prevalence is not elevated in healthy individuals.

Ocorrência de microrganismos periodontopatogênicos em pacientes com dependência química

Drug addiction won dramatic aspects in terms of its dimensions and the effects that it imposes. These chemical agents are able to reduce the immune reactivity and tissue repair, and enhance microbial aggression, aggravating the destruction of the periodontium and other side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of key periodontal pathogens in the mouth of drug addiction patients, comparing it with individuals who do not exhibit this dependence, as well as assess the influence of oral conditions on the occurrence of such microorganisms. For this purpose, data on systemic health conditions, socioeconomic, patterns of licit or illicit drug consumption of 100 patients with chemical dependency kept in rehabilitation clinics and an equal number of non-dependent patients, who formed the control group were obtained. Intra and extraoral clinical examinations were performed and samples of supragingival and subgingival biofilm, saliva and mucous membranes were collected. The presence of the targeted microorganism was assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It was found that Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola showed close correlation with bone loss and gingival bleeding in drug addiction dependents and control group, but the oral mucous membranes and saliva of addicts showed higher occurrence of these pathogens.

Evidências da relação entre evolução da gestão ambiental e a adoção de práticas de Green Supply Chain Management no setor eletroeletrônico brasileiro

The objective of this research is to examine if the environmental management evolution is positively related towards the adoption of green supply chain management practices (GSCM) by companies in the electronics sector in Brazil. To reach this objective, a quantitative research was conducted by survey with 100 companies in the electronics sector in Brazil. The collected data were processed using descriptive statistics, Exploratory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. The most important results are: in the sample, GSCM practices to the recovery of investment, as the resale of scrap and other waste materials, and the adequacy with legislation and auditing, obtained high scores; and research hypothesis (H1) was confirmed and considered statistically valid, indicating that, in fact, the evolution of environmental management influences the adoption of GSCM practices.

Detecção molecular do rearranjo Line-1 /c-Myc em tumores venéreos transmissíveis caninos espôntaneos

Transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a neoplasia that develops naturally in dogs. It can be easily transplanted, which demonstrates its ability to spread from animal to animal. Since the Linr-1/c-MYC rearrangement in TVT cells had not been studied at the Veterinary Hospital of the Veterinary School, Unesp in Botucatu, SP, this study aimed to detect this genetic alteration specific to this kind of tumor by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Twenty dogs with cytological diagnosis of TVT were used. Samples of neoplastic cells were collected to determine the presence of the Line-1/c-MYC marker. The rearrangement characterized by 340bp amplicons did not vary, in agreement with previous studies using the same methodology. This contributed to a more precise identification of persistent tumor cells in cases in which gross or microscopical detection was not possible.

Microbiota benefits after inulin and partially hydrolized guar gum supplementation - a randomized clinical trial in constipated women

Introduction: Prebiotics positively affect gut microbiota composition, thus improving gut function. These properties may be useful for the treatment of constipation. Objectives: This study assessed the tolerance and effectiveness of a prebiotic inulin/partially hydrolyzed guar gum mixture (I-PHGG) for the treatment of constipation in females, as well as its influence on the composition of intestinal microbiota and production of short chain fatty acids. Methods: Our study enrolled 60 constipated female health worker volunteers. Participants reported less than 3 bowel movements per week. Volunteers were randomized to treatment with prebiotic or placebo. Treatment consisted of 3 weeks supplementation with 15 g/d I-PHGG (fiber group) or maltodextrin (placebo group). Abdominal discomfort, flatulence, stool consistency, and bowel movements were evaluated by a recorded daily questionnaire and a weekly interview. Changes in fecal bacterial population and short chain fatty acids were assessed by real-time PCR and gas chromatography, respectively. Results: There was an increased frequency of weekly bowel movements and patient satisfaction in both the fiber and placebo groups with no significant differences. Total Clostridium sp significantly decreased in the fiber group (p = 0.046) and increased in the placebo group (p = 0.047). There were no changes in fecal short chain fatty acid profile. Conclusions: Consumption of I-PHGG produced clinical results comparable to placebo in constipated females, but had additional protective effects on gut rnicrobiota by decreasing the amount of pathological bacteria of the Clostridium genera.

Remoção de biofilme em canais de endoscópios: avaliação de métodos de desinfecção atualmente utilizados

Estudo experimental laboratorial que comparou a ação de cinco métodos de desinfecção na remoção de biofilme em endoscópios gastrintestinais. Foram utilizados como corpos de prova tubos novos transparentes de politetrafluoretileno (Teflon®) simulando os canais flexíveis dos endoscópios. Após limpeza prévia os tubos foram contaminados intencionalmente com Pseudomonas aeruginosa para formação de biofilme e submetidos à desinfecção. Como resultado, nenhum deles removeu 100% dos biofilmes. O que mais removeu fisicamente o biofilme foi o glutaraldeído 2% em processadora automática, provavelmente justificado pela dupla limpeza, já que o equipamento conta com essa fase no início do seu ciclo. O método que se mostrou menos eficiente para remoção de biofilme e outros resíduos foi água eletrolítica ácida. Esses resultados sugerem que a limpeza é mais impactante na remoção de biofilmes do que a desinfecção consecutiva, uma vez que o glutaraldeído, desinfetante da máquina que se mostrou mais eficiente, é um fixador de resíduos orgânicos.

Celebración del Día del Libro (23 de abril de 2010) en el programa de radio Hoy por hoy

Emisión en directo, desde la Sala Polivalente del Edificio Central de la Biblioteca Universitaria del programa de radio de la cadena Ser "Hoy por hoy", el viernes 23 de abril de 2010, de 11.15 a 13 horas. Este programa estuvo dedicado al Día del libro y al servicio público que presta la Biblioteca Universitaria. Contó con la presencia de la Vicerrectora de Cultura y Deporte, doña Isabel Pascua Febles, la Directora de la Biblioteca Universitaria, doña María del Carmen Martín Marichal y los bibliotecarios Fernando Barrera Luján, María Dolores Orihuela Millares, Víctor Macías Alemán y Avelina Fernández Manrique de Lara. En la primera parte del programa se anunció a los ganadores del "Primer Premio de Relato Corto" organizado por la Biblioteca Universitaria de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria y se les hizo entrega de sus respectivos premios. El Primero recayó en la obra titulada "El Pacto" de Fernando Fernández Rodríguez, presentada bajo el seudónimo Agustín. El segundo lo obtuvo la obra "Subtítulo" de José Iván Rodríguez Macario firmado con el seudónimo León Miranda. Ambos premios serán incluidos en el Repositorio Institucional Acceda.

Contaminantes tóxicos persistentes: nivel de exposición de la población canaria a través del consumo de productos lácteos

Programa de doctorado: Clínica e investigación terapéutica.

Alteraciones genéticas y epigenéticas en el cáncer de endometrio

Programa de doctorado: Cáncer: biología y clínica.

Efecto de la inanición sobre el metabolismo respiratorio de los misidáceos

[ES]Los misidáceos son pequeños crustáceos que se encuentran en muchas regiones costeras del mundo. Leptomysis lingvura se encuentra en la costa este de Gran Canaria (España) asociada a los fondos arenosos de profundidades entre 5 y 15 metros. Son un importante componente en la cadena trófica como alimento de muchos peces costeros y podrían ser un potencial alimento para ser utilizado en acuicultura. Se ha estudiado su supervivencia y reproducción en cautividad para su utilización en estudios de laboratorio, y han resultado ser una especie apta que se adapta bien a las condiciones de cultivo. En el presente estudio se pretende dilucidar como influyen en la tasa respiratoria y en la tasa de respiración potencial (actividad ETS) las condiciones fisiológicas en que se encuentran los organismos. Se han llevado a cabo dos experimentos, uno de ellos tiene como objetivo el estudio de organismos adultos de similar talla en diferentes períodos de inanición para determinar su efecto en la respiración y en la actividad ETS; el segundo experimento pretende determinar como influyen las condiciones de alimentación en la relación respiración-biomasa. En el primer caso se observa un descenso de la tasa respiratoria en función del aumento del período de inanición, mientras que la respiración potencial no muestra esta relación, siendo más conservativa, lo que se da como resultado una disminución del cociente R/ETS a medida que aumenta el período de inanición. También se observa un aumento de la tasa respiratoria al comienzo de la noche que puede tener relación con ritmos circadianos endógenos de esta especie. El coeficiente de la relación exponencial R-biomasa que presentan los organismos que fueron sometidos durante 7 días a condiciones límite de alimentación son inferiores a 0.75 que establece la ley de Kleiber, mientras que los organismos en buenas condiciones de alimentación muestran un coeficiente muy cercano o superior a 0.75.