解不可压缩流体力学问题的降阶法 Ⅳ.三维Navier—Stokes方程

在本系列文章里,我们提出一种新的解不可压缩流体力学问题的有限元方法——降阶法。实现这种算法的关键是给出零散度空间V~h的一组简单基函数。求速度时,运动方程试函数空间取为V~h解函数空间也取V~h。压力项自动消掉。从而可先求出速度的近似解。之后再求压力解。 本文对于一大类数值求解三维k连通区域Ω上的Navier—Stokes方程(简记为N—S方程)边值问题的一阶有限元格式给出零散度空间V~h的一组简单基函数。与二维问题不同的是,直接给出的“基函数”线性相关。必须从中去掉一部分(对应于某“树”的)函数才能使之成为一组线性无关的基。

流体力学基本方程组(BEFM)的层次结构理论和简化Navier-Stokes方程组(SNSE)

本文从流场中空间和时间的尺度分析及流体力学基本方程组(BEFM)中诸项的量级分析出发,提出了BEFM的层次结构理论,表明:当特征雷诺数Re>l、且一坐标方向的长度尺度大于其它坐标方向的长度尺度吋,按照BEFM中诸项的量级关系,形成从Euler方程到 BEFM 和从边界层方程到 BEFM 的两支层次结构,文中以二维可压缩流动和不可压缩轴对称射流为例说明了两支层次结构的关系和特点,分析了诸层次方程组的特征、次特征(Subcharacteristics)以及它们的数学性质,并把诸层次方程组与已有的诸简化Navier-Stakes方程组(SNSE)作了对照比较。

测量光电流信号的一种简单方法

本文介绍用运算放大器和RC网络构成的带通滤波器测量光电信号及其结果,此方法简单易行,适当选择取样电阻,可使误差小于2％。

塑料及纤维增强塑料形变过程的热象研究

<正> 塑料和纤维增强塑料极低的热传导系数使它具备了应用热象技术研究形变过程的特殊的有利条件。本文简要叙述了用红外热象技术研究聚丙烯、聚碳酸脂及短纤维增强聚丙烯拉伸形变过程的研究结果。用上述材料注射成标准拉伸样条,夹装在Instron 1195万能材料试验机上,以指定速度进行拉伸直至断裂。同时用AGA-780红外热象仪记录试件拉伸过程的热图。为考察拉伸速度对形变热的影响,拉伸速度在2～50 mm/m范围内。通过对不同拉伸速度、不同时刻的试件样条热图的分析,得到了试件在拉伸过程中的温升及形变信息,给出了试件样条断裂瞬间的热图和拉伸过程中各时刻的试件温度分布图。实验结果表明,对于所研究的两种塑料,形变热软化效应在屈服和颈缩形成阶段不起主要作

脉冲星磁层的整体解

在定常、轴对称的柱坐标系中,讨论脉冲星磁层的结构。合理选择环向磁场与磁面函数之间的非线性关系,使用数值计算的方法,求解非线性电磁流体力学方程组,先求出光速圆柱内的解。然后,在光速圆柱外延拓,求出脉冲星磁层结构的整体解。最后,对磁层中各不同区域的特性进行了讨论。

日本复合材料的研究与开发

<正> 笔者有机会参加了1982年11月24—28日在日本东京召开的第4届国际复合材料会议(ICCM-Ⅳ),会后应日本朋友的邀请参观了东京、京都和大阪三个城市的八个大学、研究所和产业公司,所见所闻对日本在复合材料的研究与开发中取得的成就颇有感触,他们善于向西方先进技术学习,为我所用地加以改进,超过西方,并向西方出口,他们的有些经验是值得我们借鉴的,日本是我们一衣带水的近邻,加强与日本的学术交流,将是我们向世界先进科学技术学习的捷径之一。 本文将介绍日本复合材料研究与开发的简要历史与现状,学术组织,学术活动与刊物情报工作,几个有成就、影响大、有代表性的研究与生产单位以及他们取得的成就。

Plano de valorização econômica do Vale do São Francisco

Registra, em ordem cronológica, a tramitação dos trabalhos na Assembléia Constituinte, nas comissões especializadas e no plenário das duas Casas do Congresso Nacional, até a reunião conjunta destinada ao conhecimento do veto presidencial. Reúne debates de plenários e comissões, vetos, discursos, atas de reuniões e outros documentos parlamentares.

用脉冲He-Ne激光的分幅高速干涉摄影装置

<正> 用于诊断在透明介质环境中发生的快速、短暂现象的分幅高速干涉摄影装置,已在中国科学院力学研究所研制成功.它是由脉冲He-Ne激光光源、抗强振动的干涉仪及高速摄影机三部分组成.由于装置简单、抗振性好、获得的干涉图片结果直观、使

用He-Ne激光源的分幅高速干涉摄影

<正>用于研究在透明介质环境中发生的快速、短暂现象的分幅高速干涉摄影装置已研制成功,并得到应用.它是由脉冲He-Ne激光源、抗强振动的干涉仪与高速摄影机三部分组成.装置的结构简单、抗振、工作正常,能广泛地用于超音速风洞流场显示、燃烧、爆炸及强激光与物质相互作用等的研究中,能得到一系列清晰的干涉照片.在研制中,首次提出了逆程序运转方案,将连续输出的He-Ne激光器成功地改造成时间可控的脉冲光源.装置中用到了平晶型激光错位干涉仪.这是一种只有一块干涉元件的仪器,成本低,能获得比一般干涉仪大的视场.并且易于调整维护.

O biodiesel e o desenvolvimento social da Bahia

Consultoria Legislativa - Área XII - Recursos Minerais, Hídricos e Energéticos.

The geometric structure and dynamic properties of lauwerier attractor

 Introduction The strange chaotic attractor (ACS) is an important subject in the nonlinear field. On the basis of the theory of transversal heteroclinic cycles, it is suggested that the strange attractor is the closure of the unstable manifolds of countable infinite hyperbolic periodic points. From this point of view some nonlinear phenomena are explained reasonably. 更多还原

Kinetic theory for particle concentration distribution in two phase flow

The results of experiments in open channels and closed pipelines show two kinds of patterns for the vertical distribution of particle concentration (i.e., pattern I and pattern II). The former shows a pattern of maximum concentration at some location above the bottom and the downward decay of the concentration below the location. The latter always shows an increase of the particle concentration downward over the whole vertical, with the maximum value at the bottom. Many investigations were made on the pattern II, but few were made on pattern I. In this paper, a particle velocity distribution function is first obtained in the equilibrium state or in dilute steady state for the particle in two-phase flows, then a theoretical model for the particle concentration distribution is derived from the kinetic theory. More attention is paid to the predictions of the concentration distribution of pattern I and comparisons of the present model are made with the data measured by means of laser doppler anemometry (LDA). Very good agreements are obtained between the measured and calculated results.

O estudo do lobby no legislativo pela abordagem de redes

O estudo objetiva mostrar que analisar o lobby no Legislativo pela perspectiva de redes colabora para a melhor percepção do fenômeno da participação política da sociedade organizada no âmbito das comissões de mérito do Legislativo. A lógica de redes permite focar na práxis democrática, em seu aperfeiçoamento e nas garantias para que a participação dos interesses organizados colabore para a eficiência e para a socialização das resoluções dos problemas no contexto democrático. Pela abordagem de redes, torna-se claro que, muito mais que uma mera regulamentação, é necessário aperfeiçoar a práxis política, conhecer melhor seus atores e fomentar o ambiente propício para que o desenvolvimento do lobby não seja fator de degeneração do desempenho do governo democrático, não se transforme em mera manipulação política pelo poder econômico nem corrobore uma ditadura de minorias sociais refratárias à maior parte dos interesses públicos.

复合材料飞轮的三维应力分析

高速旋转的飞轮在给定外径和质量的情况下，轮缘采用先进的碳纤维缠绕，提高飞轮的转速，从而增大飞轮的储能密度，解决了飞轮轮缘因高速旋转而断裂破坏的问题。本文采用三维实体元分析计算复合材料飞轮工作时的应力分布，为安全合理设计复合材料飞轮提供依据。