W kraju tysiaca jezior: (z podró·zy i przechadzek po Finlandyi)

Lisäpainokset: 2. p. 1897.

En blick p�� Finlands historia

Tekijä lopusta: W. G.

Substance P immunoreactivity in the lumbar spinal cord of the turtle Trachemys dorbigni following peripheral nerve injury

Immunoreactive substance P was investigated in turtle lumbar spinal cord after sciatic nerve transection. In control animals immunoreactive fibers were densest in synaptic field Ia, where the longest axons invaded synaptic field III. Positive neuronal bodies were identified in the lateral column of the dorsal horn and substance P immunoreactive varicosities were observed in the ventral horn, in close relationship with presumed motoneurons. Other varicosities appeared in the lateral and anterior funiculi. After axotomy, substance P immunoreactive fibers were reduced slightly on the side of the lesion, which was located in long fibers that invaded synaptic field III and in the varicosities of the lateral and anterior funiculus. The changes were observed at 7 days after axonal injury and persisted at 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after the lesion. These findings show that turtles should be considered as a model to study the role of substance P in peripheral axonal injury, since the distribution and temporal changes of substance P were similar to those found in mammals.

Implementatiоn оf Sustainability-Оriented Innоvatiоns in Business - Studying Оrganizatiоnal and External Capabilities: Evidence frоm P��land

The cоncept оf sustainability-оriented innоvatiоn is recent and still under researched. The aim оf the Thesis is tо cоntribute tо the field and investigate hоw dо cоmpanies оperating in P��land apply sustainability-оriented innоvatiоn (SОI) tо their cоre business activities, what are the differences between variоus business fоrms оf оrganizatiоn in terms оf SОI, and what type оf capabilities facilitate implementatiоn оf SОI. Given early stage оf empirical research оn sustainability-оriented innоvatiоn, an explоratоry-descriptive case study research strategy was taken applying qualitative methоds. 6 interviews with managers and CEОs оf 4 cоmpanies lоcated in Warsaw were cоnducted. In additiоn, tw�� academic expert panels with specialists frоm University оf Lоdz and Lappeenranta University оf Technоlоgy were carried оut in оrder tо suppоrt the findings. The study fоund оut that in case оf cоmpanies which purp��se is tо create p��sitive impact and develоp sustainable prоducts оr services by using innоvative apprоaches, SОI activities are embedded in оrganizatiоnal culture and prоcess sо that it is difficult tо differentiate between main business activities and SОI. In the оther tw�� cases SОI practices were in line with cоre business activities thus reflected the main оperatiоns and were determined as a part оf CSR strategy. Activities are industry specific and are cоntingent up��n resоurces and capabilities p��ssessed. Amоng list оf success factоrs management suppоrt, CEО’s persоnal values, dedicated and mоtivated team, investments in research and develоpment, оrganizatiоnal culture, nоn-hierarchical cоmmunicatiоns channels, emp��werment оf emplоyees, prоvisiоn оf time and space fоr failures were identified as key оrganizatiоnal capabilities facilitating integratiоn оf SОI practices. Whereas market demand, NGОs’ pressure, regulatiоns enfоrced, access tо external funding, netw��rking and cооperating present external оr cоllabоrative capabilities suppоrting implementatiоn оf sustainability оriented innоvatiоn in cоmpanies. SОI takes a systemic apprоach that drives the transfоrmatiоn tо becоme sustainable business embedding and integrating sоcial, envirоnmental and ecоnоmic value creatiоn tоgether.

p.F508del in a heterogeneous cystic fibrosis population from Minas Gerais, Brazil

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common autosomal recessive disease of the Caucasian population. Among the various CF mutations, p.F508del is the most frequent, accounting for two-thirds of the global CF chromosomes, although showing great variability among populations. We have studied 115 unrelated CF patients from a mixed population of Minas Gerais (Brazil). To evaluate part of the DNA sequence of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, blood DNA was obtained and PCR was performed using two pairs of primers that anneal to exons 10 and 24 of the CFTR gene. The PCR product was then submitted to automatic sequencing using the ABI PRISM 310 Genetic Analyzer. The p.F508del mutation was found in 50 (21.7%) of 230 unrelated CF alleles. Fifteen (13.0%) patients were homozygous for this mutation, while 20 (17.4%) were heterozygous; the remaining 80 (69.6%) patients did not carry the p.F508del mutation. Exon 24 sequence had no change in 75 (65.2%) patients, 21 (18.3%) had the sequence variation 4521G/A, 11 (9.6%) had a not yet described sequence variation 4407T/A and 8 (7.0%) patients had both sequence variations (4521G/A and 4407T/A). The polymorphism 4407T/A results in an amino acid modification from aspartic acid to glutamic acid, which will probably have no function effect in CFTR. This low p.F508del prevalence can be due to the variable ethnic origin of this population from Minas Gerais, which may have a high diversity of CF rare mutations.

Neuropeptide Y, substance P, and human bone morphogenetic protein 2 stimulate human osteoblast osteogenic activity by enhancing gap junction intercellular communication

Bone homeostasis seems to be controlled by delicate and subtle “cross talk” between the nervous system and “osteo-neuromediators” that control bone remodeling. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of interactions between neuropeptides and human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (hBMP2) on human osteoblasts. We also investigated the effects of neuropeptides and hBMP2 on gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC). Osteoblasts were treated with neuropeptide Y (NPY), substance P (SP), or hBMP2 at three concentrations. At various intervals after treatment, cell viability was measured by the MTT assay. In addition, cellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin were determined by colorimetric assay and radioimmunoassay, respectively. The effects of NPY, SP and hBMP on GJIC were determined by laser scanning confocal microscopy. The viability of cells treated with neuropeptides and hBMP2 increased significantly in a time-dependent manner, but was inversely associated with the concentration of the treatments. ALP activity and osteocalcin were both reduced in osteoblasts exposed to the combination of neuropeptides and hBMP2. The GJIC of osteoblasts was significantly increased by the neuropeptides and hBMP2. These results suggest that osteoblast activity is increased by neuropeptides and hBMP2 through increased GJIC. Identification of the GJIC-mediated signal transduction capable of modulating the cellular activities of bone cells represents a novel approach to studying the biology of skeletal innervation.

Aplicação de modelos matemáticos bi e tri-paramétricos na predição de isotermas de adsorção de umidade do guaraná (Paullinia cupana) em p��

Doze modelos matemáticos (seis bi-paramétricos e seis tri-paramétricos), amplamente utilizados na predição de isotermas, foram estudados, com o objetivo de predizer isotermas de adsorção de umidade do guaraná (Paullinia cupana) em p��, obtido em "sprey dryer". As isotermas de adsorção de umidade do produto à 15° C, 25° C e 35° C, foram ajustadas por análise de regressão não-linear, usando o aplicativo STATGRAPHICS 5.1. Entre os modelos testados os que apresentaram melhores resultados nos ajustes foram as equações tri-paramétricas de GAB, BET modificada e Anderson, e as equações bi-paramétricas de Handerson e Oswin.

Efeito da umidade sobre a microestrutura da inulina em p��

A aplicação da inulina nas indústrias de alimentos e farmacêuticas está associada à possibilidade de substituição do açúcar e da gordura, com baixa contribuição calórica, e na formulação de medicamentos e alimentos funcionais, pois atua no organismo de maneira similar às fibras dietéticas. A comercialização da inulina é feita preferencialmente com o produto em p��, devido à maior facilidade no transporte, embalagem e manuseio. Dessa forma, é de grande importância conhecer o comportamento do produto quando armazenado sob diferentes condições de umidade relativa. O objetivo desse trabalho foi o de avaliar a influência da umidade sobre a microestrutura da inulina em p��, obtida a partir da secagem por atomização de um concentrado de inulina extraído de raízes de chicória. A análise da estrutura do material em microscópio eletrônico de varredura demonstrou a sua elevada higroscopicidade. Em ambientes com atividade de água (a w) superior a 0,3085, a inulina sofreu alterações em sua microestrutura que comprometeram a sua qualidade. Ao ser armazenada em ambiente com a w = 0,5285, o material perdeu suas características de p��, devido à aglomeração de partículas associada à absorção de umidade, e se transformou em uma massa sólida. Essa característica foi agravada com o aumento da umidade relativa do ambiente.

Förteckning öfver svenska böcker som finnas i J. W. Lilljas lånebibliothek i Åbo

Imprimatur: F. Granbom.

Ny ABC- och läsebok för barn: tillegnad fäderneslandets mödrar af P. U. F. Sadelin

Nimiösivulla myös motto: Kommer hit, barn! hörer mig! ... Ps. 34:12.

Förteckning öfver framledne theologiae professoren A. A. Laurells efterlemnade boksamling, som kommer att p�� offentelig auktion försäljas i Helsingfors, om hösten 1852

Imprimatur: G. F. Aminoff.

Nouveau manuel complet de l'alimentation. Conserves alimentaires / par M. W. Maigne

Collection : Manuels Roret