Thermochromic dyes and sunlight activating systems - An alternative means to induce colour change.

The general purpose of this work is to investigate the potential of a mobile phone to capture soil colour images and process them, returning the corresponding Munsell colour coordi- nates from the digital RGB captured images, and also estimate the tristimulus values from the same images. A mobile phone HTC Desire HD, which runs Android 2.2, has been used to take and process images of a Munsell Soil Colour Chart under fixed illumination conditions. To obtain tristimulus values of each sample a Konica Minolta CS2000d spectroradiometer has been used under the same conditions. Penrose’s pseudoinverse method has been used to compute relationship between RGB coordinates from digital images and tristimulus values. Once the model has been computed it was implemented in the mobile phone. Results of this calibration show that more than 90% of the samples used in the calibration (238 chips) were measured by our mobile phone application with accuracy below 2.03 CIELAB units and a mean correlation coefficient equal to 0.9972. In case of Munsell models mean correlation coefficient is equal to 0.9407. This points to the idea that a conventional mobile device can be used to determine the colour of a soil under controlled illumination conditions.

Separation and identification fresh water leeches of waters resources in Kordistan Province

In the primary studying, known leeches have included into free living and parasitic which the parasitic group, besides of direct impacts like: growth detraction, anemia, making wound in the connecting part with the skin, with making plat for secondary bacterial and molding infections in the toll place, is able to cause to transfer blood flagellate and virus to the fish too. Therefore, by accusing information related to fauna leeches of each area a risk factor from the viewpoint of the possibility of being or accusing transferred diseases by these leeches, one can predict and forehand about them. Freshwater leeches of Iran to present accurate recognition (morphological, molecular) have not been, and there are some limited reports from different parts of the country about them. One of the areas that its leeches have not been identified yet is Kurdistan, By having five latrines and big permanent rivers and 32000 springs and a lot of deep and semi-deep wells and this province is a convenient bed for growing aquatics in the country. Therefore, identifying risk factors for development of aquaculture on water resources is one important factor to access achieving development goals. For recognizing leeches of this province, some samples from 10 stands were token. Samples from under stones, sticking to the fish, turtles, plants and solid substances in the water were separated and after recording their physical characteristics, calming with 10% ethylic alcohol with 10% formalin become fixed and after painting with Carmen acetic acid by standard keys for 7 species of Helobdella stagnalis, Placobdella costata, Hemiclepsis marginata, Erpobdella octoculata, Hirudo medicinalis, Dina lineate lineata have been identified and described. Which Helobdella stagnalis has the highest distribution in the province and the minimum one is Hirudo medicinalis. However, that the data obtained in leeches in Kurdistan is a relatively complete collection in this research, recognizing fauna of these areas needs more studying. The Placobdella costata and Hemiclepsis marginata sticking to the fish were separated among identified species which showed that these are parasites for the fish. The sticking area of those leeches to the skin was accompanied with scales cast, damage to mucous membranes beneath the parasite and bleeding Was associated with Histopathology studying effect includes observing break and disconnection in the leech connecting place to the epithelial layer of epidermis in the skin, destroyed nucleus in skin Epithelial cells with observing necrosis in ulcerative place become of the leech and the sub acute inflammated penetration until acute necrosis with opening in Dermis layer is observable. Kidney of this fish have changes such as: proliferation, like proliferative kidney disease with increasing proliferative glomerular cells and increasing in membranous cells in Capillary corpuscle, observing necrotic cells in haematopoietic tissue of kidney along with increasing in infiltration of leukocyte's cells generally mono nucluars such as lymphocytes and less poly morpho nucluars such as neutrophiles that are symptoms of disorders causing anemia become of nourishing and sucking blood by the leech and creating a chronic kidney infection that originally root is in another place like the skin. Also Hemorrhagic anemia causes losing RBC's is because of using the host blood by the leech. (In this situation, one can see immature RBC red cells in Peripheral blood. To identify potential carriers of the leech to the viruses, after finding them in recorded stands and putting them in 75% ethanol for viruses cause IPN, VHS, IHN, they were tested by PCR that the conclusion of these experiments approved IPN virus in Hemiclepsis marginata and Hirudo medicinalis. This kind of leeches can act like a mechanical carrier and causing spreading the agent of this disease. It is worth mentioning that studying the pathogenicity of this virus for aquaculture sources, mentioned before needs more research. During the study of infected fish with leeches that was done after preparing bloody slides and staining them, no case blood parasites was observed. During a research about infecting fish experimentally to known leeches it become clear that 5 days after being in aquarium including leeches, samples of sticking Hirudo medicinalis leech to the golden carp with scales cast were observed. Including leeches to the fish started with molting the scales in the sticking area in the fish and fish become too uneasy and by rubbing themselves to the malls and things inside the aquarium, tried to separate them. Finally, after around 30 hours, leeches penetrate the skin, feeding from blood and tissue liquids and cause mortality the fish and then they become separated from them. If the corpse of these fish stayed in the aquarium, the Helobdella stagnalis and Erpobdella octoculata would start feeding them.

Programa cultural Aequilibrium (07 junio 2016) : Mural y logo de la opción Cerámica de la Escuela de Artes de la Universidad de El Salvador.

El periodista Renato Jaén conversa con María de Lourdes Calero, Coordinadora de la opción Cerámica y Sandra Muñoz, egresada de la carrera de Artes, para hablar sobre la develación del mural y logo representativo de la opción Cerámica.

Estudos preliminares para consolidação de suportes com pintura mural: síntese e caracterização de nanocais

-Resumo Neste trabalho apresentam-se os resultados da síntese e da caracterização de nano-materiais de hidróxido de cálcio e de hidróxido de magnésio visando a sua aplicação como consolidantes de suportes com pintura mural. Este estudo preliminar constitui a etapa inicial de um projeto em curso e que tem como principal objetivo o desenvolvimento de novas estratégias de síntese de nano-materiais inovadores para conservação e restauro de revestimentos antigos. - Abstract In this publication, we report the synthesis and characterization of calcium and magnesium hydroxides nanoparticles for consolidation of mural paintings. Some preliminary results are discussed. This research is the initial part of our ongoing project which aims to develop new synthetic strategies towards novel and innovative materials for preservation and restoration of old rende

Las relaciones entre el arte mural los espacios públicos y emblemáticos de la ciudad de Loja

La propuesta mural “Loja: Identidad Cultural” constituye una aspiración y requerimiento de la comunidad lojana, evidenciadas en el trabajo investigativo realizado en el Barrio Zamora de la ciudad de Loja, sector de la intersección de las calles José María Egas y Matilde Hidalgo de Procel, sobre el tema: “Las relaciones entre el arte mural, los espacios públicos y emblemáticos de la ciudad de Loja”. En el trabajo se pretende acercarse a la noción de espacio público con un recorrido por la historia que ayuda a dilucidar la diferencia entre lo público y lo privado. Así mismo, se advierte en las comunidades que las relaciones y acciones sociales, entre ellas el arte, constituyen elementos generadores de espacios propicios que fomentan el diálogo, la convivencia y la identidad. En uno de los capítulos se hace referencia al Muralismo como uno de los principales movimientos y corrientes de intervención del espacio público, sus orígenes, desarrollo y cómo se convirtió en una herramienta de poder político y de gestión en algunos países del mundo. También se realizó un breve estudio de los muralistas latinoamericanos, nacionales y locales, mediante un análisis comparativo y de registro de obras muralísticas que se encuentran en lugares públicos e importantes de la ciudad de Loja. La obra mural que fuera presentada y entregada a la comunidad lojana, en el acto público realizado el 18 de febrero del 2016 con la asistencia de representantes de las entidades seccionales, delegados de instituciones culturales, artistas plásticos, docentes y estudiantes de varios colegios de la ciudad; proyectó en su contenido el proceso histórico, aspectos culturales, personajes y elementos que buscan configurar la conciencia y la identidad lojana. La técnica que se utilizó en los 250 m2 es el acrílico y esmalte sobre ladrillo, mampostería y latón.

Illustrated catalogue of notable paintings by masters of the early English, Barbizon, modern French and contemporaneous schools ... sold ... February 3rd, 1921 ...

Mode of access: Internet.

An historical catalogue of portraits, representing distinguished persons in the history and literature of the United Kingdom.

Catalog of an exhibition held at the British Institution for Promoting the Fine Arts in the United Kingdom.

View of Geelong: ruin and viewin', transpanorama

Eugene von Guerard’s View of Geelong is iconic for a number of reasons, including its detailed interpretation of the landscape and its special place in the imagining of the region. Bishop and Reis seek to honour this by manipulating the science behind the view and at the same time question the viewer’s relationship to the scene and the work. We use the husk of a ruined fireplace to house a camera obscura and stereoscope – pressed concaved metal into which the viewer puts their head and looks through a divided hole into the unit. The camera obscura mimics the mechanics of the eye, and is able to capture the scene perfectly while the stereoscope splits the scene, makes it partial, layered and temporal. In doing this we layer von Guerard’s view with change, acknowledging the effects of European civilization and, peculiar to this historical panorama, suburbanization of the landscape. The creeping suburbs will be seen on the left side of the stereoscope through a camera obscura, which presents a real-time view of the scene from the point at which von Guerard allegedly painted it. On the right side, we again catch the light, but only to light a transparency of von Guerard’s original work. The technologies we draw upon – the camera obscura, stereoscope and landscape painting – create a confluence of images, both real and imagined.

View of Geelong: ruin and viewin', transpanorama

Public Art installation by Cam Bishop and Simon Reis. Eugene von Guerard’s View of Geelong is iconic for a number of reasons, including its detailed interpretation of the landscape and its special place in the imagining of the region. Bishop and Reis seek to honour this by manipulating the science behind the view and at the same time question the viewer’s relationship to the scene and the work. We use the husk of a ruined fireplace to house a camera obscura and stereoscope – pressed concaved metal into which the viewer puts their head and looks through a divided hole into the unit. The camera obscura mimics the mechanics of the eye, and is able to capture the scene perfectly while the stereoscope splits the scene, makes it partial, layered and temporal. In doing this we layer von Guerard’s view with change, acknowledging the effects of European civilization and, peculiar to this historical panorama, suburbanization of the landscape. The creeping suburbs will be seen on the left side of the stereoscope through a camera obscura, which presents a real-time view of the scene from the point at which von Guerard allegedly painted it. On the right side, we again catch the light, but only to light a transparency of von Guerard’s original work. The technologies we draw upon – the camera obscura, stereoscope and landscape painting – create a confluence of images, both real and imagined. The iconic View of Geelong Painting can be seen at the Geelong Gallery.

Chamber music in painting photography film

This exhibition expands upon the history, approaches of experimental film and image making. Through speculative and abstract approaches the artists appropriate images to deal with trauma, confusion and nostalgia. The artists in this exhibition use personal imagery to demonstrate abstract ideals and idiosyncratic perspectives. Work in the show will be made up of photographic prints, collage, 16mm film and video work. Through physical manipulations of the image surface, retrenching of forgotten archives and poetic layerings of time and place, this exhibition aims to examine the de-linear and personal ways artists can experiment with the image.Through incorporating work of long standing artists Dirk De Bruyn and Luigi Fusinato in contrast with the work of young artists Anna Higgins and Beth Caird, the exhibition will examine the relationship between experimental film from a pre-digital context and how it influences, echoes and evolves in a post-digital environment.

Planing a thesis: ways, means and tactics for research through design

"Design is messy and over analysis will stop the flow ... " was the parting line from a colleague after a conversation on design methods. Fo1- many, 'method' is associated with a grim period in a1-chitecture where science held sway. I certainly have no intention of resu1-recting the dogma of that period, but in equal measure I agree with Till (20 12) that painting the design researcher as a heroic genius, marginalises the agency of design research. Despite the various arguments surrounding the value of design as research such as those developed by Downton (2003), van Schaik (2008), or Fraser (2013), there are only a few contempo1-ary resources Uomaka,2008) (Muckenheim and Demel, 2012), which at best provide partial references for students planning a design thesis. If the research emphasis is on designing, then critical knowledge and skills on the ways and means (methods) and tactics for their deployment (methodology) is essential.

New insight on the underdrawing of 16th Flemish-Portuguese easel paintings by combined surface analysis and microanalytical techniques

This paper focusses on the study of the underdrawings of 16th century easel paintings attributed to the workshop of the Portuguese-Flemish Master Frei Carlos. This investigation encompasses multidisciplinary research that relates the results of surface exams (infrared reflectography, standard light photography and infrared photography) with analytical investigations. The surface analysis of Frei Carlos’ underdrawings by infrared reflectography has shown heterogeneous work, revealing two different situations: (1) an abundant and expressive underdrawing, revealing a Flemish influence and (2) a simple and outlined underdrawing. This preliminary research raised an important question related to this Portuguese-Flemish workshop and to the analytical approach: Is the underdrawing's heterogeneity, as observed in the reflectograms, related to different artists or is this rather an effect that is produced due to the use of different materials in the underdrawing's execution? Consequently, if different materials were used, how can we have access to the hidden underdrawings? In order to understand the reasons for this dissemblance, chemical analysis of micro-samples collected in underdrawing areas and representing both situations were carried out by optical microscopy, micro Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (μ-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX) and micro-Raman spectroscopy (μ-Raman). Taking into account the different possibilities and practical and theoretical limitations of surface and punctual examinations in the study of easel painting underdrawings, the methodology of research was adjusted, sometimes resulting in a re-analysis of experimental results. This research shows the importance of combining multispectral surface exams and chemical analysis in the understanding of the artistic creative processes of 16th century easel paintings.

El salvamento del Mural de la Segunda República: recuperar el patrimonio y la memoria histórica de un pueblo

La decisión de realizar este trabajo, cuyo objetivo fue salvar y dar a conocer el Mural de la Segunda República, fue tomada después de analizar la situación de esta obra-mural de Lucio Ranucci, elaborada en 1954, para el gobierno de Costa Rica en el Aeropuerto Internacional El Coco (actual Aeropuerto Internacional Juan Santamaría).Este mural estaba en peligro de perderse, pues la empresa concesionaria para la construcción y remodelación del aeropuerto iba a demoler el edificio que por más de 48 años, había albergado esta obra y hasta ese momento nadie se había preocupado por su suerte. AbstractThe decision to undertake this work, aimed at rescuing and bringing to light the Mural de la Segunda República, was taken after carefully analyzing the conditions of this masterpiece, a mural painted, by request of the Costa Rican government, in 1954 by Lucio Ranucci at the El Coco Airport, today known as Juan Santamaría International Airport. This mural was in danger, since the contracting company for the building and remodeling of the new airport was about to demolish the building that have had hosted work of art for over 48 years. Up to then no one had shown interest in its relocation.