O autor segundo ele mesmo: a escrita de si em Cadernos de Lanzarote, de José Saramago

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

O estudo das práticas de professores alfabetizadores no ensino da leitura e da escrita (1980 a 2005): o mudar é muito difícil

Neste artigo, apresentamos os resultados de um estudo que investigou o que as pesquisas dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação do Estado de São Paulo produzidas entre 1980 e 2005, com foco nas práticas de professores alfabetizadores, dizem a respeito dos procedimentos, práticas e saberes que caracterizam a atuação desses docentes. Primeiramente, fazemos uma breve contextualização da alfabetização. Em seguida, destacamos a análise do corpus (8 teses e 32 dissertações) nos focos temáticos: procedimentos de alfabetização, práticas docentes e saberes docentes. Os dados apresentados neste artigo permitem apontar permanências e indícios de alterações nas práticas dos alfabetizadores e, consequentemente, nas pesquisas sobre essas práticas.

Identidade feminina: a constituição da identidde múltipla e contraditória na literatura hispanoamericana do início do século XX

O estudo da proposta foucaultiana sobre o poder possibilita focalizar as diferenças sociais de gênero como “multiformes e integradas” com outros pontos de poder, os quais não podem ser reduzidos à estrutura binária dominante/dominado, na relação homem/mulher. Portanto, não existe uma estrutura de “opressão de gênero” universal e mono-causal, pois os diferentes contextos discursivos geram campos atravessados por relações de forças muito diversas e variadas, e uma dinâmica de posições de sujeito que também é regulada e aberta a contingências. Por um lado, pensando nas diferenças de gênero e no posicionamento do sujeito dentro do marco de referência nas primeiras décadas do século XX, no qual há a afirmação do papel da mulher como um sujeito social, público, intelectual e artista, mas também assumindo sua categoria de Mãe e Mulher em uma sociedade patriarcalmente estruturada e, por outro lado, vislumbradas a partir das contribuições teóricas da crítica feminista, da crítica literária feminista e, especialmente, da crítica pós-feminista, denominada pósfoucaultiana por July Cháneton (2007), no sentido em que estas teóricas incorporam critica e produtivamente as idéias de Foucault sobre gênero, subjetividade e poder, verificamos como o discursivo-literário de Alfonsina Storni representa a construção de uma subjetividade feminina de posição identitária “múltipla e contraditória”, como parte constitutiva de uma diversidade de posições-sujeito feminina.

As estratégias discursivas e suas implicações na relação entre oralidade e escrita? um estudo do parêntese na crônica

Based on functional theory, the text discusses the relations between spoken language and written language, defending not only the existence of a sole grammatical system for both, but also the relevance of studies contemplating specificities of use, some of these being more directed toward interaction, and others being more directed toward system. The investigation that aims to prove these premises used the chronicle as examination material, due to its linguistic colloquialism in general and due to the chronicler’s personal engagement, which involve linguistic strategies available for the expression of information and for the reader’s understanding. The investigation was concentrated on the discourse parenthesis, especially on its connection with the degree of language planning and with the creation of view plans and the establishment of emphasis. It was concluded that the resource of parenthesis both represents linguistic informality (which is more directed toward speaking) and shows the care with preparation and marking of style (which is more directed toward writing), illustrating specificities.

As vogais postônicas do século XIII: um olhar sobre a escrita da época

This work aims to obtain a phonological description of unstressed word-final vowels of Medieval Portuguese (MP). The corpus of this research is comprised of Alfonso X’s Cantigas de Santa Maria, composed on the second half of the 13th century. This work maps all the graphemes that represent, in the corpus considered, the unstressed word-final vowels. From the analyses of writing and rhymes in Alfonso X’s Cantigas de Santa Maria, it was possible obtain some important information about the realization of the unstressed wordfinal vowels in MP.

Uma representação irônica da morte e da escrita

The novel As intermitências da morte, by José Saramago (2005a), presents an imaginary narrative that treats one of the most classical themes of universal literature. Besides that, the novel discusses the question of fictional discourse construction, showing the potentialities (and limits) of language as an intermediation between life and art.

Hibridismo cultural: o imaginário europeu na construção da sexualidade feminina do primeiro século de colonização brasileira

The aim of this study is to investigate and analyze the conceptions of sexuality and female sexual behavior and conduct, formed from the merger of information and securities purchased under the eyes, rules and guidelines established relations with the Holy Office during his visit to Inquisitorial Brazil in the late sixteenth century. It is a survey of historical methodology in which we used as the exploratory research and literature. In the sixteenth century the Church increases the pressure to change the sexual mores that were free in the Middle Ages, a fact which influences the rules and regulations that are adopted by the Holy Office regarding the person's sex life. The first structure was based on Brazilian sexual alliance between Indians and settlers, which led to sugar, by the Portuguese, the customs of the land, which included sexual practices free since the Indians were out of Christian influence. Supported by the absence of white women, the settlers took them wives of the earth, usually more than one, creating conflict with the Jesuits who condemned Indian polygamy. In this context, in 1591, landed on Brazilian soil Heitor Furtado de Mendonca, and with it, the First Visitation of the Holy Office to investigate, arguing, exploring feelings and behaviors, to discover the true facts, finally, to demonstrate the errors Faith and punish them with the rigor of ecclesiastical law. His passing opens us to visualize traces of sexuality in the current "Tropic" a racist, misogynist world where black women and degraded land could be subject to the wishes of the white man, with whom he could mate at will. Alone and forgotten, women have not found the colony margin to denounce or to speak and were stigmatized by the look of travelers and writers have been through here.

A coleta de corpus de aprendizes: questões qualitativas em uma pesquisa sobre a escrita de aprendizes de língua espanhola

In this paper we discuss and present the first results gathered from the compilation of a learner corpus comprised of texts written by university students (Language, Literature and Translation Course). We made use of Corpus Linguistics and observations of researchers from the learner’s corpus field, in order to compile and analyze a corpus of argumentative and descriptive texts written in Spanish. Four hundred compositions were collected (about 120 thousand words) from August 2011 to December 2012. The methodology adopted assisted us considerably in maintaining a comprehensive working agenda, taking into consideration students’ needs and using the data collected as subsidy to improve classroom management of content. We also present the difficulties faced during the data gathering and propose procedures do avoid or minimize them.

Buscando práticas pedagógicas motivadoras para o desenvolvimento da competência narrativa escrita.

The aim of this research is to investigate motivational teaching practices to develop narrative competence in students presenting low literacy levels, and, consequently, a high degree of difficulty to produce this text modality.

Revista o cruzeiro: a figura feminina em publicidades de sabonetes de 1949

This article aims at the application of semiotic theory of French line to soap advertisements publicized in the magazine O Cruzeiro in the year 1949. Our objective is to reconstruct the women’s figure present in these texts and to establish its relation to the persuasion of the reader who is led to acquire not only the products, but mainly the values hidden in the announced objects. From the theory we use the generative course of meaning, focusing on the discourse level and assimilating the consumption axiologies proposed by each advertisement. Finally, we intend to assimilate the standard behavior of that society post-Second World War.

A infância na escola: aprendizagem da leitura e escrita como determinante do desempenho escolar

Mastering reading and writing brings itself social, cultural political, economic, cognitive and linguistic consequences to the learner. Soon, those who do not acquire that knowledge are excluded from the sphere of literate society. Considering this, the objective of this study was to discuss the relation between learning to read and write and in this sense, think about academic performance of students/ children, and to discusses the conceptual advances in literacy area of the permanent necessity to transport them to the teaching practice starting with questions about knowledge, attitudes and pedagogical interventions necessary for literacy teachers and that can serve as a basis for directing the training processes of teachers and to a better understanding of school performance.

Aprendizagem da escrita por meio de jogos e brincadeiras: relação entre o desenvolvimento do simbolismo e os mecanismos da escrita

Written language is a form of communication between humans and, as is not acquired naturally, needs educational interventions systematized to be learned. However, the teaching of writing is still mechanically imposed on the student, and could make use of other features such as games and plays. As a result, this research we analyze the writing development of phases, the psychic functions present in its development and the construction of a paradigm games and games that can be used as auxiliary tools in the teaching of writing. We describe the operation of each and identify how they can be used in the classroom. The survey was conducted through a qualitative approach of empirical type. The data concluded that these instruments are not used in class and often writing has no social relevance for the child. We also conclude that some usage scenarios of play occurred among children, are not used for didactic purposes as an example of sign-symbol relationship by teachers to teach writing

Leitura, escrita e livro: determinantes de práticas culturais e desenvoltura social

In this article we aim to discuss the importance of reading, writing and the book in the subject’s performance in society. This discussion tries to put these elements in time and social space. Therefore we want to show how these cultural practices of reading and writing, combined with the book can determine the development of the subject, when able to access these technologies effectively. The expected results are the change of the superficial aspects and common sense about reading, books and writing. Hope that it contributes to the expansion of the discussions on these themes. We hope to collaborate to the discussion which is being developed within the educational context on reading, books and writing, and the relationship resulting from the development of the subject in society and their ability to read and write.

Territórios marginais dos desejos: dissidências, resistências e prostituição feminina

In this research, we discuss important aspects related to the scope of the adult female prostitution in a municipality located in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. We rely on the theoretical contributions provided by the Cultural Studies, the Queer Theory and other aspects referenced by gender studies, by sexualities and other subjective processes, in parallel with the analysis of the reported life stories of two women linked to the context of commercial sexual practice in the studied city. From the presented informations, we observed multiple stories of women in the process of resistance to some standards of femininity, and come to the conclusion that the economic factor is not always preponderant for the entry/residence in female commercial sex practice, especially today, when relationships tend be established by the confluence of multiple interests.

Teoria e metodologia na escrita da História do Brasil: Afonso de Taunay e a Academia Brasileira de Letras

The history of historiography in recent decades has the breathing space needed in the concerns of historians and has been transformed into a research field with its own issues. Uploaded this in perspective, this paper aims to understand how aspects of the theory of history and methodology have been addressed by Afonso de Escragnolle Taunay (1876-1958). We selected the letters exchanged by the author, the speeches of acceptance at the ABL, some articles and books produced by Taunay in the 1930s. In the first decades of the twentieth century, when it sought to define the historiography and its limits in both the literature and social science sources, the subjectivity is presented as the final decision making of the author, especially those related to the new site production Taunay, the Brazilian Academy of Letters.