994 resultados para Avaliação do impacto


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Este trabalho tem o objetivo fazer uma proposta de intervenção com a finalidade de melhorar o controle dos pacientes com risco cardiovascular utilizando o conhecimento sobre hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus na melhoria da assistência prestada no serviço na Unidade de Saúde Asteca. Atualmente as orientações são em função das novas perspectivas de saúde relacionadas com o risco global de adoecer e não encarando a hipertensão e diabetes como uma doença em si e sim como fatores de risco de doenças cardiovasculares tais como infarto, acidentes vasculares cerebrais e doenças renais. Após a realização do diagnóstico situacional realizado em 2011 no Curso de Especialização em Atenção Básica em Saúde da Família, foi verificada a importância e a relevância do problema que enfrentamos no dia-a-dia de uma maneira muitas vezes desorganizada e que trás consequências desastrosas com o decorrer do tempo. Após identificação dos artigos e análise do problema do risco cardiovascular aumentado e discussão com toda a equipe e usuários da unidade, foi possível comparar o que poderia ser incrementado nas ações diárias e assim contribuir para diminuir o impacto de complicações que tanto a hipertensão como o diabetes pode trazer. Foi então proposto um novo olhar sobre o problema que permitirá aperfeiçoar os grupos operativos, as consultas individuais, os encaminhamentos corretos para especialidades sem onerar o município.

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Introdução: Considerando os princípios de longitudinalidade do cuidado e sabendo que grande parte da demanda na Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS) consiste em agravos que exigem continuidade do acompanhamento, a qualidade dos registros em saúde é fundamental. Na prática, contudo, observamos que muitos desses registros não seguem uma rotina ou não são realizados. Justificativa: Considerando os princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e sabendo que a APS prevê o cuidado longitudinal, é de suma importância que haja mecanismos facilitadores na sua execução. Dentre as ferramentas, estão os registros escritos em saúde e sua realização de maneira coordenada e eficiente é fundamental. Objetivo geral: Elaborar um projeto de intervenção voltado à discussão do tema, propondo ferramenta que proporcione sua aplicabilidade e consequente melhoria no cuidado de saúde da população atendida na UBS Novo Horizonte em Ponte Nova - MG. Metodologia: Foi utilizado Planejamento Estratégico Situacional para avaliação em saúde da população adscrita da UBS Novo Horizonte. A partir de então, utilizou-se metodologia envolvendo melhoria da comunicabilidade entre a equipe; educação em saúde; aplicação de uma ferramenta disponível e avaliação da mudança proposta. Plano de Intervenção: Após a identificação dos principais nós críticos, propõe-se: estabelecimento de rotina mínima mensal de reuniões de equipe; promoção de educação continuada sobre o tema com enfoque na aplicação da 'folha de rosto'; avaliação do processo de trabalho no período da intervenção. Discussão e Conclusões: O cuidado longitudinal demanda mudança no modelo de atenção vigente além do investimento em estratégias que facilitem este cuidado, dentre estas a rotina de registros adequados em saúde se destaca. Para além dos aspectos legais envolvidos, qualquer comprometimento nessa rotina dificulta a comunicação dos integrantes de uma equipe e, em última instância, a qualidade no cuidado longitudinal dos pacientes.

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As doenças cardiovasculares principalmente a hipertensão arterial e o diabetes mellitus tem atingido alta prevalência na população mundial, tornando-se assim um sério e relevante problema de saúde público, devido ao impacto que suas complicações trazem para sistema público de saúde, sociedade, indivíduo e para a família. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar a avaliação preliminar do plano de ação implementado pela ESF Santo Antonio para a redução e controle dos níveis pressóricos e glicêmicos na população da área do município de Mantena e propor os ajustes e correções necessários. A elaboração do plano de ação tomou como base o diagnóstico situacional realizado na unidade no inicio do segundo semestre de 2011, tendo como prioridade "o risco cardiovascular aumentado". A revisão bibliográfica foi realizada por meio de bases de dados eletrônicos da biblioteca virtual do Scielo e do Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Família da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais e manuais técnicos da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Minas Gerais e Ministério da Saúde. A obesidade e a idade associadas aos maus hábitos de alimentares e sedentarismo são os fatores de risco de grande relevância dentro deste grupo. Portanto, a mudança de hábitos alimentares e a implantação da atividade física foram as principais ações a serem implantadas pelo plano de ação dentro da unidade com intuito de melhorar a qualidade de vida dos hipertensos e diabéticos acompanhados pela equipe. Os principais fatores dificultadores para a completa implantação do plano de ação foram a falta de priorização de recursos e investimentos, que ainda são insuficientes, a sobrecarga de atividades que não possibilitou a implantação do protocolo e linhas guias. Foram realizadas em parte as palestras previstas, mas não concluídas as ações educativas, portanto a população ainda desconhece os efeitos nocivos dos elevados níveis pressóricos e glicêmicos e os benefícios a saúde proporcionados pela prática regular da atividade física, acompanhamento e de orientações. A ESF permanece engajada e comprometida com a execução das ações previstas no plano de ação e elaborou um plano de monitoramento sistemático do planejamento de ações do grupo prioritário.

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The individual affective-cognitive evaluations are important factors that control the way he feels the disease impact in his life. Then, the perception of seizure control is a more important factor to evaluate Quality of Life (QoL) than the illness characteristics, such as the severity, type, sickening period and seizure frequency. This study searched for the relationship among the subjective variables (perception of seizure control) and the illness characteristics to evaluate QoL. The sample consisted of 60 individuals with chronic epilepsy, aging 18 to 70 (M=37.05; SD=11.25), chosen at randon from the ambulatory of epilepsy - HC/UNICAMP, by the Questionnaire 65. The illness characteristics were not significant, except the seizures frequency, when associated to the impairment in QoL among controlled seizures and seizures with frequency higher than 10 per month (p=0.021). The perception of control was significantly associated to QoL (p=0.005).

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity. The aim of this research was to contribute more precisely to the diagnosis of ADHD, to propose a battery of neuropsychological assessment and to analyze the contribution of each test. We studied 10 matched pairs of children with ADHD and normal controls (7 to 11 years). Inclusion criteria were: presence of ADHD typical behavior, positive diagnosis of ADHD based on DSM-IV, normal IQ, normal neurological examination and parental consent. We used extensive neuropsychological battery. The results showed differential sensitivity for detection of attentional problems in children with ADHD, although most tests did not reach statistical significance. The item, errors, of WCST revealed statistically significant difference between the two groups: ADHD performance was inferior to controls . In conclusion the neuropsychological assessment battery used in this research contributed to the diagnosis of ADHD.

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The purpose of this study is to introduce a method to evaluate visual functions in infants in the first three months of life. An adaptation of the Guide for the Assessment of Visual Ability in Infants (Gagliardo, 1997) was used. The instrument was a ring with string. It was implemented a pilot study with 33 infants, selected according to the following criteria: neonates well enough to go home within two days of birth; 1 to 3 months of chronological age; monthly evaluation with no absence; subjects living in Campinas/SP metropolitan area. In the first month we observed: visual fixation (93,9%); eye contact (90,9%); horizontal tracking (72,7%); inspects surroundings (97,0%). In the third month, we observed: inspects own hands (42,4%) and increased movements of arms (36,4%). This method allowed the evaluation of visual functions in infants, according to the chronological age. Alterations in this function will facilitate immediate referral to medical services for diagnoses.

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This text offers some contributions to the debate on the changes proposed to the National Curricular Directives to reform secondary education in Brazil. In the first part, the political and economic scene is evaluated as the context which generated the last stage of reforms in the educational field in the 90s. It questions the option for a model of structural reform (in the Brazilian case more restricted to the Program for Reform of Professional Education - PROEP) and of the curriculum, whose themes find their justification in the contemporary economic, social cultural and political context. It discusses the use of a model that bases itself on experiences developed in other countries and takes the international orientation of the multilateral organizations as its theoretical methodological reference, leaving out the peculiarities and injunctions of the Brazilian political administrative system. Such a policy measure can increase the tension and distance normally existing between government programs and the possibility of their real implementation in the school network. In the second part, it discusses the Resolution of the National Education Council, the Congress on Basic Education, no.3, of 16.698 that instituted the National Curricular Directives for secondary education, as well as the Legal Bases - Part I - of the National Curricular Parameters for secondary education. The analysis of official discourse takes Bardin's (1977, p. 209) proposals as its methodological reference for the models of structural analysis, seeking to make the implicit values and the connotations of the legal texts explicit

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Vitamin C stability and concentration was evaluated in isotonic beverages and B group vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5 and B6) in power beverages. The amount of vitamins was found to be above of that declared on the labels, even after the shelf life had been exceeded. A small decrease in the amount of B group vitamins was observed during the shelf life of the products. In the case of vitamin C this decrease was slightly higher. The present research shows the need of increased quality control and inspection.

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Volatile compounds from green and roasted yerba mate were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and the flavor profile from yerba mate beverages was determined by descriptive quantitative analyses. The main compounds tentatively identified in green mate were linalool, alpha-terpineol and trans-linalool oxide and in roasted mate were (E,Z)-2,4-heptadienal isomers and 5-methylfurfural. Green mate infusion was qualified as having bitter taste and aroma as well as green grass aroma while roasted mate was defined as having a smooth, slightly burnt aroma. The relationship between the tentatively identified compounds and flavor must be determined by olfatometric analysis.

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A discussion about groundwater contamination is presented in this work. Contamination by agricultural activity, more specifically by pesticides is emphasized. Indirect and direct estimates could be used to predict pesticide behavior in soil, and consequently, to evaluate the potential of groundwater contamination. These results could be applied to advise about the possibility of groundwater contamination by pesticides, and to provide subsidies for making decisions more quickly and efficiently.

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Antimony is a common catalyst in the synthesis of polyethylene terephthalate used for food-grade bottles manufacturing. However, antimony residues in final products are transferred to juices, soft drinks or water. The literature reports mentions of toxicity associated to antimony. In this work, a green, fast and direct method to quantify antimony, sulfur, iron and copper, in PET bottles by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry is presented. 2.4 to 11 mg Sb kg-1 were found in 20 samples analyzed. The coupling of the multielemental technique to chemometric treatment provided also the possibility to classify PET samples between bottle-grade PET/recycled PET blends by Fe content.

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This paper discusses the historical and methodological fundaments of the dynamics and quantification of acid volatile sulfides (AVS) and simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) in aquatic sediments. It also discusses the SEM/AVS relationship, which involves several controversial aspects such as sulfide stability, sulfide-organic matter interaction, and the inability to predict the toxicity of organic compounds in the environment. This relationship is an important tool for the inference of metal bioavailability. The use of ecotoxicological tests with target organisms regulated by international standards is also a relevant aspect.

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The aggregation behavior of the non-ionic surfactant Renex-100 in aqueous solutions and mesophases was evaluated by SAXS in a wide range of concentrations, between 20 and 30 °C. Complementary, water interactions were defined by DSC curves around 0°C. SAXS showed that the system undergoes the following phase transitions, from diluted to concentrated aqueous solutions: 1) isotropic solution of Renex aggregates; 2) hexagonal mesophase; 3) lamellar mesophase; and 4) isotropic solution. DSC analysis indicated the presence of interfacial water above 70wt%, which agreed with the segregation of free water to form the structural mesophases observed by SAXS bellow this concentration.

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Remotely sensed imagery has been widely used for land use/cover classification thanks to the periodic data acquisition and the widespread use of digital image processing systems offering a wide range of classification algorithms. The aim of this work was to evaluate some of the most commonly used supervised and unsupervised classification algorithms under different landscape patterns found in Rondônia, including (1) areas of mid-size farms, (2) fish-bone settlements and (3) a gradient of forest and Cerrado (Brazilian savannah). Comparison with a reference map based on the kappa statistics resulted in good to superior indicators (best results - K-means: k=0.68; k=0.77; k=0.64 and MaxVer: k=0.71; k=0.89; k=0.70 respectively for three areas mentioned). Results show that choosing a specific algorithm requires to take into account both its capacity to discriminate among various spectral signatures under different landscape patterns as well as a cost/benefit analysis considering the different steps performed by the operator performing a land cover/use map. it is suggested that a more systematic assessment of several options of implementation of a specific project is needed prior to beginning a land use/cover mapping job.

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This study had as objective the evaluation of mechanical damages occurred in banana Nanicão during the improvement process, packing and distribution, identifying the probable critical points. The mechanical damages caused by transport, first cleaning; cleanness and sorting; preservation in the packing, transport, and mature were evaluated. The studied packing had been: torito wooden packing (18 kg), wood type ½ box, (13 kg) and cardboard (18 kg). The stage of preservation and transport of the fruits to the distribution center duplicated the light defects and quintupled the serious defects, causing rottenness after the acclimatization. The cardboard packing did not support the piling up and presented deformations, that resulted in the kneading the fruits of the inferior packing, causing a significant increase of the serious defects. The fruits conditioned in the involved packing of plastic bubble had presented an inferior number of serious damages when compared with the others packing, without the plastic.