"Bordados do Seridó" : uma experiência etnográfica com as bordadeiras do município de Caicó-RN

The narratives that circulate Caicó tell us that the activity of embroidery would have come to town by the eighteenth century, by the Portuguese colonizers. Initially, the embroidery worked as a constitutive element in the formation of women, especially in the construction of the role of "talented ladies", was later characterized in a income generating activity moving strongly the informal sector of the local economy. In addition to source of income, the practice of embroiderers is redefining the craft tradition, transforming the embroidery on one of the symbols of identity of the city as it reaches other markets, carrying the name "Caicó embroidery". The research aims to investigate the dynamics of artisanal embroidery production, within the family circle and its consequences after its entry in the commercial sphere. It also seeks to investigate how the activity operates within a context in which the subjects (embroiderers and intermediaries) and their distinct negotiations trigger certain discourses, particularly those related to identity and authenticity on behalf of economic, political and cultural purposes

Okupar, resistir, insistir : uma etnografia das práticas de ocupação urbana Fortaleza / Ceará

The objective of this dissertation is understand the relationships built between subjects who occupy buildings in a state of abandonment to revitalize them - called okupas, noting which individuals construct such meanings on the practice of occupation and how to organize the construction and maintenance of a collective life project. Having the Okupa Squat Torém, located in the neighborhood of Fatima in the southern city of Fortaleza-CE, as locus and observed through the ethnographic method, followed the social practices of urban segment. I invested in a data collection revealed that the custom of okupas and their domestic habits, inside and outside of okupa, emphasizing the interaction situations, like most appropriate occasions to observe the constant negotiation and refinement of his cunning to intervene in the city . Among the objectives of this research, the main thing is to observe which senses are assigned to the practice of the occupation by okupas. For this, reflecting from the specifics of this urban phenomenon and talking mostly with the tradition of research in the field of anthropology, I tried to address some issues regarding the practice of okupação and organization of the group, which the principles and movements that make these contacts with city etc. The appropriation made by the subjects on the urban space here means understanding them as a cultural expression of a number of collective values, resulting from experience and perception of okupas like themselves. The intention is to show how this practice intervention and collective action has appeared in contemporary times and how my ethnography can contribute to a dialogue on the practices of mobilization and update of the city, considering the Theory of Recognition Axel Honneth (2003) as an analytical category useful to describe the forms of reciprocity experienced by okupas

Show de Mamulengos de Heraldo Lins: construções e transformações de um espetáculo na cultura popular

The theater of puppets is one of the many expressions of popular culture which is marked by ongoing constructions and transformations in its symbolic representations as well as its characters and performances. In the city of Natal/RN, there is a manipulator called Heraldo Lins, an artist who operates such puppets, and has been performing his puppet since 1992. Lins has his own look at how he produces his performances and seeks to adjust his puppets to social and rentable contexts. Lins‟s performances are tailor-made in accordance with the request of his customers, as he makes up the passages and lines of his puppets according to his audience. This research aimed to study how the Heraldo Lins Mamulengos Show is built, especially its changes. We note that Lins chooses to dismantle the symbolic values of the tradition in the regular puppet theater once he adapts to modern patterns, placing himself between the traditional puppet theater and the cultural industry. The work in camp was made through a methodological focused in a participative observation and an audiovisual registry

Espirito de catimbo: a moral magico-religiosa da jurema

This participative research interested in the social praxis attempts to understand the moral principles that set the magic rituals and the places of worship of three jurema centers of the potiguar region of Canguaretama. Among other inner particularly aspects of each focused catimbó-jurema center, it is being discussed the collective standards involved in the reliance and fellowship values assumed in the private magical gatherings by the juremeiras leaders and their partners, in contrast to the prestige seeking and the individualism that influence both the symbolic competitions and the witchcraft works that link these agents to the broader catimbozeiro universe of this region. Finally, the moral practices which make part of the juremeiro left-right dualism are investigated based on the understanding that the referred native pantheonic-ritual dichotomy does not necessarily express two moralities substantially adversed in terms of benefits or harms, but a series of moral actions subject to the specular logic of the tit-for tat. Thus, this research seeks to prove that this moral structure of symbolic reciprocity, as well as the witchcraft centrality in the catimbozeiro world, finds a certain causal link in a world view which guiding principle is the ontological evil of the catholic cosmology

A cultura de índio, seu menino, vem de longe aqui : formação histórica e territorialização dos Tremembé/CE

This dissertation is based on the ethnography of a strategic selection of three Tremembé ethnic situations, which are situated in the backlands of Acaraú and Itarema, municipalities located in Ceará State (Northeast Brazil). My main aims are the following. Firstly, I reconstitute the historical and social formation of three localities, called Lagoa dos Negros, Telhas, and Queimadas, related to a particular origin myth which refers to Almofala, an extinct colonial Aldeamento in the seashore, where the Tremembé indians and other native populations were converted and gathered under missionary administration. According to the origin myth, these three localities were set up after a strong drought which happened in 1888 (the so called three eights) when a group of Tremembé families moved to the countryside and established close to the Lagoa dos Negros and, later on, they were segmented into smaller groups which started to live in other areas and places not far from the former location. Notably, I develop an anthropological approach to understand the historical formation of these three localities. Secondly, I analyze some processes of territorialization, which were emerged from the 1980s and had important consequences to these indigenous families throughout the next two decades. This historical dimension is re-appropriated and ressignified in ethnic terms. A third point of my work is the analysis of the construction of territorialities and also the cultural and symbolic dimensions which are formulated by the Tremembé Indians who live in these localities. Therefore, I investigate some cultural traditions and rituals, such as the Torém dance, but I also examine their multiple semantics, which constitute a transversal direction throughout the history understood by the Tremembé of the different social situations I researched. To sum up, there is a process of cultural actualization, which is still going on and presents itself through the ludic sphere as well as their political and religions dimensions, which are usually associated to the ritual presentation of the Torém

O Ofício das Rezadeiras: um estudo antropológico sobre as práticas terapêuticas e a comunhão de crenças em Cruzeta/RN

The present Master´s dissertation aims to study the practices of the rezadeiras, Brazilian women healers, through an anthropological perspective. Special attention will be given to the understanding of these practices as a dynamic process in relation to those women who heal in Cruzeta (Seridó, Rio Grande do Norte), where is located our ethnographic research. For this research, twenty four rezadeiras were contacted and colaborated with our work plan. Among them, two were pentecostal rezadeiras and another one was member of the Jurema cult, an afro-brazilian religious cult. Similarities among these women healers were perceived in the research process, mostly in terms of their learning process and the use of certain objects and ritual techniques. However, apparent differences among them gave us the chance for understanding and reflecting on the actual heterogeneity of this world of specialists. Furthermore, i tried to capture the relations between the rezadeiras and the therapeutic practices from health professionals or the religious practices of religious leaders (Catholic, pentecostal, etc). It is possible to ascertain about the complementarity between therapeutic practices from different cultural logics. This complementarity is also perceived through the religious interchanges and transits among different healers, including those who have different religious beliefs. In this work, rituals are also described and they are a crucial factor to the understanding of this particular religious and therapeutic practice conducted by women. Following these ideas, our basic aim is to understand how the rezadeiras make interpretations about health and illness, specially those ones which are particular associated with their practices, the so called "doenças de rezadeiras"

Enfermagem: Entre a hipertecnologia e um conhecimento estético

Os sistemas de saúde estão a enfrentar uma realidade de radical intensidade biotecnológica, em que a digitalização ocupa um lugar central na prestação de cuidados. A inovação tecnológica e a cyborguização do humano devem traduzir-se em novos conceitos do cuidar, em que a ontologia Cyborg tem um lugar central.

Dançando às avessas: relatos de um processo de criação

The term body without organs is present in a poem by the french writer, actor and director Antonin Artaud, written in 1947 and titled: To Have Done with the Judgement of God. I aim, in this work, from what we call investigative scenic writing, to problematize this term and its possible relations with the theater and also with some aspects of the Hindu myths. I unite the idea of the body without organs with the body in trance present in the stories of an Indian master named Caitanya Mahaprabhu. These ideas, along with the development of practices that come from some principles of Theatre Anthropology, are incentives for a creation process that highlights the work of preparation and creation of corporeal work of the actor. The relationship between the concepts and the practice raise discussions about where I stand as an actor-researcher in process

Os funerais são para os vivos. Apontamentos sobre o lugar do investigador-autor na construção da morte em perspectiva socio-antropológica

Este artigo procura explorar algumas das inquietações epistemológicas, metodológicas e éticas suscitadas pela prática da investigação em Antropologia e Sociologia quando o investigador-autor se cruza com o tema da morte. Num contexto marcado pelo crescente silenciamento da sociedade ocidental contemporânea sobre os assuntos relacionados com a morte, a notícia do falecimento de Nelson Mandela, em Dezembro de 2013, trouxe esta temática para o centro da agenda mediática e política à escala global. Metodologicamente, e à microescala da pesquisa em ciências sociais, o discurso do presidente sul-africano Jacob Zuma, no comunicado então apresentado ao país (e ao mundo), serve de mote para a exploração de dois apontamentos reflexivos disciplinarmente ancorados na antropologia e sociologia. No final, sintetizam-se ideias-chave e levantam-se pistas de investigação que inspirem, quiçá provoquem, novas investigações.

Edoskitze naturala ala artifiziala? Edoskitze hautuaren atzean dauden planteamendu ezberdinetara hurbilpena

Haurrari dagokionez argi eta garbi azaltzen da aukeraketa onena zein den bizitzako lehen unean: amagandiko edoskitzea. Zenbaitetan biberoia pozoi gisa ere aurkeztu da, bere alde txarrak bizi guztirako ondorioak bihurtuta (LLL,web). Baina egoera aurrez aurre duzunean beharren aniztasuna ikusten duzu, batez ere umea elikatzeko aukeren aurrean. Eta bada askotan errepikatzen den zerbait: erruduntasun sentipena. Zergatik dauka edoskitzaroak hainbesteko garrantzia?

Kim jestem? Kim się staję? W dialogicznym napięciu JA-TY. Źródła teoretyczne

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono komponenty wchodzące w skład źródeł teoretycznych, będących podstawą powstania konspektu warsztatów. Treść artykułu nie wychodzi poza obszar metodologii teologicznej. Badania ukazujące przesłanki procesów zaaranżowanych w czasie warsztatów oraz podane wnioski końcowe wynikają z badań przeprowadzonych w polu analiz teologii fundamentalnej. Ta dziedzina teologiczna zakłada interdyscyplinarne łączenie metod i osiągnięć teologii i nauk antropologicznych. W kolejnych odsłonach ukazane zostały trzy aspekty odkrywania ludzkiego JA w dialogicznym napięciu z TY. Dzięki analizie transakcyjnej Erica Berne’a można ukazać, przy pomocy prostych technik edukacyjnych, że człowiek w poznaniu siebie potrzebuje drugiego w każdym aspekcie swego istnienia. Tym, co umożliwia mu bycie z sobą i innymi do zdolność wczucia. Tę kategorię badawczą analizowała Edyta Stein jako podstawę realnych relacji JA-TY, gdzie poprzez TY może zostać określony sam człowiek jako nie-ja, inny, drugi, czy ostatecznie osobowy Bóg. Możliwość zastosowania procesów opartych na wczuciu w przestrzeni relacji wiary doprowadza ku teologii duchowości. W jej ramach wypracowany został model antropologiczny, który widzi człowieka w ciągłym stawaniu się wobec innych i Boga. Przyjęta do badań praktyczno-biblijna antropologia Ignacego Loyoli pozwala na uwiarygodnienie kroków podjętych w czasie warsztatów, tak by nie były manipulacją a służyły wolnemu wyborowi uczestników w świadomym poszukiwaniu sensu i celu istnienia.

La antropología aplicada a los negocios internacionales: encuentros y desencuentros

Este artículo plantea una reflexión en torno a la aplicación de las teorías y métodos de la antropología en algunos aspectos prácticos de la administra­ción que interesan a los negocios internacionales, tales como como la cultura organizacional, la investigación de mercados y la dimensión intercultural que caracteriza a esta actividad en el ámbito global. Se exploran algunas fuentes bibliográficas y aportes de investigadores representativos que ilustran sobre el desarrollo profesional y académico y los debates que se generan en el interior de esta sub-especialidad de la antropología en la Contemporaneidad. Se con­cluye que instrumentalizar el conocimiento científico sobre el comportamiento cultural al servicio del poder corporativo plantea problemas de orden ético. 

Scuola ed educazione di genere

Affrontare oggi il tema Scuola significa toccare un argomento spinoso. Se poi al tema Scuola abbiniamo quello della Teoria Gender otteniamo binomio oltremodo discusso. Tante, spesso contraddittorie, sono le informazioni che possiamo trovare sul Web e parlare con gli addetti ai lavori è molto difficile. Difficile, ma non impossibile, soprattutto se si fa riferimento alle fonti e agli autori di questa “Buona Scuola”, oggetto dell’ennesima Riforma-Controriforma che si voglia intendere, testo molto discusso nelle piazze d’Italia non solo dai sindacati o dagli insegnanti precari, ma anche dalle associazioni dei genitori.

Prima infanzia e tecnologie digitali

Al di là dell’efficacia e della correttezza della definizione-etichetta “nativi digitali”, che ha avviato un dibattito anche in ambito accademico negli ultimi anni, i dati confermano come la presenza delle nuove tecnologie sia in costante aumento anche nella vita dell’infanzia, già prima del compimento del sesto anno di vita. Ciò provoca la necessità che le scienze dell’educazione si confrontino con le conseguenze del rapporto tra infanzia e strumenti digitali della comunicazione: il saggio riporta una selezione tra i più recenti studi sull’argomento e si conclude con l’indicazione di alcune strategie per articolare percorsi di educazione ai media già dalla prima infanzia, prevedendo il coinvolgimento dei servizi educativi (sia nidi d’infanzia che scuole dell’infanzia) e della famiglia.

Avvocato minorile e interesse del minore

Quando si discute circa il ruolo che l’avvocato riveste nelle procedure che riguardano soggetti minorenni è senz’altro importante soffermarsi a riflettere sugli interessi che il difensore minorile si trova a tutelare (l’interesse, il miglior interesse o semplicemente la volontà); le relazioni che deve instaurare (con i genitori, con gli avvocati dei genitori, con i consulenti, con gli assistenti sociali, con i magistrati e con i giornalisti), i rapporti con le altre figure che a vario titolo sono coinvolte nella tutela dei diritti e del benessere del minore, infine le norme deontologiche che presiedono allo svolgimento dell’attività dell’avvocato del minore.