A NEW SPECIES of COSMOCERCOIDES (NEMATODA: COSMOCERCIDAE) FROM A GYMNOPHTHALMID LIZARD of WESTERN BRAZIL

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A new species of Proceratophrys (Anura: Cycloramphidae) from western Brazil

A new species of Proceratophrys cristiceps group is described from western Brazil. The new species is characterized by absence of prominent palpebral appendages and postocular swellings, males measuring 44.2 +/- 2.1 mm SVL (41.1-47.3 mm) and females 56.4 +/- 2.8 mm SVL (52.7-59.8 mm), snout rounded in dorsal, and obtuse in lateral views, dorsal skin uniformly rugose, with no elevated warts, and tympanum defined as a depression on the skin. The new species was found in Guapore river drainage, a highly impacted area due to the construction of water dams.

A new species of Amazophrynella (Anura: Bufonidae) from southern Amazonia

A new species of the genus Amazophrynella is described from southern Amazonia, Brazil. The new species is characterized by its medium size for the genus (15.2-19.3 mm SVL in males, 20.2-25.7 mm SVL in females), snout rounded in dorsal view, acute in lateral view, presence of subrostral crest not converging anteriorly, finger I shorter than finger II, and by dorsal and ventral coloration. The reproductive behavior of the new species is similar to other Amazophrynella with pigmented and numerous eggs that are probably laid in temporary ponds.

A NEW SPECIES of AFRICANA (NEMATODA: HETERAKIDAE) FROM LIZARDS of SOUTHERN AMAZON, BRAZIL

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Squamata, Elapidae, Micrurus surinamensis (Cuvier, 1817): new records and distribution map in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, with notes on diet and activity period.

We report six new records of M. surinamensis and present the map of distribution with known records for this species of semiaquatic coral snake in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.

NEW HOSTS and DISTRIBUTION RECORDS FOR NEMATODE PARASITES of FRESHWATER FISHES FROM São Paulo STATE, BRAZIL.

A study on the nematode parasites of nine species of freshwater fishes from Peixe River São Paulo, State, Brazil. was conducted. Fish were collected between February 2010 and March 2011 and the following species were found: Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus and Contracaecum sp. (larvae) in Astyanax altiparanae; Contracaecum sp. (larvae), Dioctophyma renale (larvae), Philometroides caudata, P. (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus, P. (Spirocamallanus) neocaballeroi (larvae) and P. (Spirocamallanus) saofranciscensis in Acestrorhynchus lacustris; Contracaecum sp. (larvae), Guyanema sp., Hysterothylacium sp. (larvae) and Icthyouris sp. in Cyphocharax modestus; Contracaecum sp. (larvae), Cosmoxynemoides aguirrei and Pharyngodonidae gen. sp. in C. nagelii; Dioctophyma renale (larvae), Hysterothylacium sp. (larvae) and Rhabdochona sp. in Gymnotus sylvius; Capillariidae gen. sp. in Hoplosternum littorale; Cosmoxynema vianai, Guyanema sp., Ichthyouris sp. and Travnema travnema in Steindachnerina insculpta; Contracaecum sp. (larvae), Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) rebecae (larvae) in Triportheus angulatus and Rhabdochona acuminata in Triportheus nematurus. This is first study of nematode parasites from the Peixe River, therefore all the species found are new geographical records and 19 are new host records.

Composition and abundance of shrimp species (penaeidea and caridea) in Fortaleza Bay, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil

The abundance and spatio-temporal distribution of the caridean and penaeid fauna from Fortaleza Bay, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil, were analyzed. Seven transects were sampled over a one year period from November 1988 to October 1989. A total of 17047 shrimps were captured, representing 13 species belonging to 5 families. The interaction of temperature and type of sediment was fundamental in determining the presence and abundance of shrimp species in the area.

A new species of Tafalisca Walker, 1869 from the Iguacu National Park, Brazil (Grylloidea, Eneopteridae, Tafaliscinae)

The aim of this work was to describe a new cricket species from the Iguacu National Park, Southeastern Brazil. We characterize the genitalia and external morphology of Tafalisca paranaensis n. sp. and the genitalia of Tafalisca paulista Rehn, 1918 providing a comparison between these species.

Ronderosia ommexechoides: a new species of Brazilian dichroplini (Orthoptera : Acrididae, Melanoplinae)

A new species of the genus Ronderosia Cigliano 1997 is described. Color illustrations of the female and male, drawings of female and male external genitalia as well as drawings of its phallic structures and photographs of the chromosomes are included.

A new species of Leucoagaricus (Agaricaceae) from Colombia

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Nesting biology and fungiculture of the fungus-growing ant, Mycetagroicus cerradensis: New light on the origin of higher-attine agriculture

The genus Mycetagroicus is perhaps the least known of all fungus-growing ant genera, having been first described in 2001 from museum specimens. A recent molecular phylogenetic analysis of the fungus-growing ants demonstrated that Mycetagroicus is the sister to all higher attine ants (Trachymyrmex, Sericomyrmex, Acromyrmex, Pseudoatta, and Atta), making it of extreme importance for understanding the transition between lower and higher attine agriculture. Four nests of Mycetagroicus cerradensis near Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil were excavated, and fungus chambers for one were located at a depth of 3.5 meters. Based on its lack of gongylidia (hyphal-tip swellings typical of higher attine cultivars), and a phylogenetic analysis of the ITS rDNA gene region, M. cerradensis cultivates a lower attine fungus in Clade 2 of lower attine (G3) fungi. This finding refines a previous estimate for the origin of higher attine agriculture, an event that can now be dated at approximately 21-25 mya in the ancestor of extant species of Trachymyrmex and Sericomyrmex.

Adenocalymma ubatubensis Assis & Semir, a new species of Bignoniaceae from Ubatuba, São Paulo state, Brazil

Adenocalymma ubatubensis, a new species from southeastern coastal Brazil, is described and illustrated. The species is distinguished by its large pseudostipules and calyx without nectaries.

Paronychia revoluta, a new species of caryophyllaceae from Brazil

A new species of Paronychia, P revollita, from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, is described and illustrated. This species is closely related to P camphorosmoides, distinguished from it by linear-subulate leaves with a revolute margin and prominent midribs. It is also allied to P. fascicidata, from which it differs in the lanceolate, acuminate, fimbriate, and whitish stipules, and linear-subulate leaves.

Three new species of Salacioideae (Celastraceae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Three New Species of Salacia from Mesoamerica (Celastraceae, Salacioideae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)