Seleção e caracterização de bacterias endofiticas de milho com potencial para biossolubilização de fosfato.

2016

Atividade de micro-organismos solubilizadores de fosfato de ferro em resíduo industrial.

2016

Bactérias endofíticas de milho: diversidade e potencial para solubilização de fosfato.

2016

Avaliação da produtividade do milho inoculado com bactérias endofíticas e rizobactérias solubilizadoras de fosfato na região Sudeste do Brasil.

2016

Avaliação da produção de sideróforos por microrganismos endofíticos solubilizatores de fosfato de ferro associados à cultura de milho.

2016

Ingestão de cálcio, fósforo e vitamina D por indivíduos em diálise peritoneal

Este material compõe o Curso de Especialização em Nefrologia Multidisciplinar (Módulo 7, Unidade 4), produzido pela UNA-SUS/UFMA. Trata-se de um recurso educacional interativo que apresenta recomendações sobre a ingestão de fósforo, cálcio e vitamina D, por pacientes em diálise peritoneal.

Segunda opinião formativa: quais são as características e como é feito o tratamento de feridas com alginato de cálcio?

Apresenta-se em forma de placa ou cordão estéreis. As placas são compostas por fibras de ácido algínico extraído das algas marinhas marrons. Contém também íons de cálcio e sódio. Camada externa de poliuretano e camada interna composta de gelatina, pectina e carboximetilcelulose sódica. São indicadas para feridas com ou sem infecção, com moderada a intensa exudação, com ou sem tecido necrótico, exceto, em caso de necrose seca e com ou sem sangramento.

Fluorose dentária: uma revisão da litertura

A fluorose dentária origina-se da exposição do germe dentário, durante o seu processo de formação, a altas concentrações do íon flúor. Este trabalho teve como objetivo fazer uma revisão da literatura narrativa sobre os estudos da fluorose dentária na década de 2001 a 2010. Foi feita uma pesquisa na base de dados da Biblioteca Brasileira de Odontologia (BBO) e em livros textos da área de cariologia, usando as palavras-chave: fluorose dentária, microabrasão de esmalte, epidemiologia, intoxicação por flúor, abastecimento de água, percepção visual, tratamentos de fluorose dentária. A ação dos fluoretos é basicamente dose dependente. A exposição adequada a fluoretos ajuda no controle da cárie dentária. Uma dose muito alta pode causar pigmentação marrom, com manchas brancas e hipomineralização superficial, em dentes homólogos, até o ponto em que o esmalte se torna muito poroso e altamente manchado. Além da dosagem de flúor, outros fatores interferem na severidade da doença: baixo peso corporal, taxa de crescimento esquelético e períodos de remodelamento ósseo constituem-se fases de maior absorção do flúor; estado nutricional, altitude e alterações da atividade renal e da homeostase do cálcio também são fatores relevantes. A observação das características clínicas com finalidades de diagnóstico deve ser realizada com boa iluminação, após profilaxia e secagem prévia dos dentes, e um dos fatores para diferenciar o diagnóstico de fluorose e defeitos de esmalte é observar se as alterações estão em dentes homólogos. A forma mais comum de fluorose é a leve. Observa-se, entretanto, que a proporção de indivíduos que apresentam as formas moderada e severa ainda é pequena, mas existe um aumento significativo nos locais onde a fluorose é endêmica e isto se deve à alta concentração do fluoreto nas fontes naturais de água. A fluoretação da água é importante medida preventiva para o declínio da prevalência de cárie dentária, mas, deve ser monitorada, a fim de que o teor de flúor seja mantido dentro dos padrões adequados para o controle da cárie e prevenção da fluorose dentária. A literatura relata várias formas de tratamento clínico do esmalte comprometido por fluorose, entre eles, técnicas mais invasivas, como coroas protéticas e facetas estéticas, e menos invasivas, como as técnicas de clareamento dental e microabrasão de esmalte, a qual não causa nenhum desconforto trans e pós-operatório aos pacientes a ela submetida. Nos casos de fluorose leve, que são as formas mais prevalentes, o tratamento mais indicado é a combinação das técnicas de microabrasão de esmalte e clareamento dental, por serem considerados os tratamentos menos invasivos já fundamentados na literatura para a diminuição dos efeitos da fluorose, podendo promover um maior benefício ao paciente quando utilizados em conjunto.

[factors That Influence Bone Mass Of Healthy Children And Adolescents Measured By Quantitative Ultrasound At The Hand Phalanges: A Systematic Review].

To analyze the main factors that influence bone mass in children and teenagers assessed by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the phalanges. A systematic literature review was performed according to the PRISMA method with searches in databases Pubmed/Medline, SciELO and Bireme for the period 2001-2012, in English and Portuguese languages, using the keywords: children, teenagers, adolescent, ultrasound finger phalanges, quantitative ultrasound of phalanges, phalangeal quantitative ultrasound. 21 articles were included. Girls had, in QUS, Amplitude Dependent Speed of Sound (AD-SoS) values higher than boys during pubertal development. The values of the parameters of QUS of the phalanges and dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) increased with the increase of the maturational stage. Anthropometric variables such as age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), lean mass showed positive correlations with the values of QUS of the phalanges. Physical activity has also been shown to be positively associated with increased bone mass. Factors such as ethnicity, genetics, caloric intake and socioeconomic profile have not yet shown a conclusive relationship and need a larger number of studies. QUS of the phalanges is a method used to evaluate the progressive acquisition of bone mass during growth and maturation of individuals in school phase, by monitoring changes that occur with increasing age and pubertal stage. There were mainly positive influences in variables of sex, maturity, height, weight and BMI, with similar data when compared to the gold standard method, the DXA.

Caracterização reológica das diferentes fases de extrato de inulina de raízes de chicória, obtidas por abaixamento de temperatura

Inulin is a functional food ingredient, generally employed as sugar or fat substitute in food systems. This ingredient can be found in several vegetal products, including chicory roots. As the solubility of inulin is susceptible to temperature changes, the product suffers a fractionalization resulting in two phases when cooled, originating a precipitated phase, more viscose, and a liquid phase, of lesser viscosity. The study of rheological properties of different phases of inulin extract is important for equipment designing, such as mixer and bombs. In this work, rheological behavior at three different temperatures (25; 40 and 50 ºC) was determined for liquid and precipitated phases of inulin liquid extract, extracted from chicory roots by hot water diffusion and cooled at two different temperatures (8 and -10 ºC), suffering phases separation. The precipitated phase was analyzed in two conditions: pure and with the addition of microencapsulating agents (maltodextrin and hydrolized starch). All of them presented a linear behavior, similar to that of the Plastics of Bingham. Some of them, however, were not an adequate fit to this model.

Teores de nutrientes na alface irrigada com água residuária aplicada por sistemas de irrigação

A trial was carried out to evaluate the chemical composition in the aerial part of lettuce, cv. 'Elisa', irrigated with wastewater treated with constructed wetland and source deposit water, grown on a Rhodic Hapludox Soil, using the irrigation systems sprinkle, subsurface drip and surface drip irrigation. The experiment was carried out from August 17th to October 3rd of 2001 and the chemical analyses of the lettuce were accomplished to 47 days after transplanting of the seedling. The aerial part of the lettuce was analyzed as for the levels of total nitrogen, nitrate, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, sodium, boron, cobalt and molybdenum. The sodium and the sulfur presented higher levels than the maximum suitable in the aerial part of the lettuce and the smallest level of magnesium, while other chemical elements analyzed were normal and appropriate considering the standard for well-nourished plants, not being influenced by the water type. The sodium was the chemical element that presented the highest levels in the aerial part of the lettuce in the treatments irrigated with wastewater, presenting significant difference in relationship to the treatments irrigated with source deposit water in the three irrigation systems. The use of the different irrigation systems by the application of wastewater treated with constructed wetland did not interfere in the levels of nutrients in the aerial part of the lettuce.

Determinação da difusividade efetiva de raiz de chicória

Inulin is a fructooligosacharide found in diverse agricultural products, amongst them garlic, banana, Jerusalem artichoke and chicory root. Inulin generally is used in developed countries, as a substitute of sugar and/or fat due to its characteristics of fitting as functional and dietary food. Chicory root is usually used as source and raw material for commercial extration of inulin. The experiments consisted on drying sliced chicory roots based on a factorial experimental design in a convective dryer whose alows the air to pass perpendicularly through the tray. Effective diffusivity (dependent variable) has been determined for each experimental combination of independent variables (air temperature and velocity). The data curves have been fitted by the solution of the second Fick law and Page's model. Effective difusivity varied from 3.51 x 10-10 m² s-1 to 1.036 x 10-10 m² s-1. It is concluded that, for the range of studied values, air temperature is the only statistically significant variable. So, a first order mathematical model was obtained, representing effective diffusivity behavior as function of air temperature. The best drying condition was correspondent to the trial using the highest drying air temperature.

Formação de conceitos em crianças cegas: questões teóricas e implicações educacionais

Concept formation depends on language and thought, that promote the integration of information coming from the senses. It is postulated that changes in the person, the objects and events to be known suggest flexible models of concept teaching. It is assumed that the same considerations apply to teaching concepts to blind pupils. Specificities of this process are discussed, including the role of touch as resource, although not as a direct substitute to vision, and the notion of representation as a basis for the elaboration of pedagogical resources for the blind student.

Estudo inicial da degradação in vivo de poli(L-co-D,L ácido lático), sintetizado em laboratório, aplicado como prótese tibial em coelhos

The copolymer poly (L-co-D,L lactic acid), PLDLA, has gained prominence in the field of temporary prostheses due to the fact that their time of degradation is quite compatible with the requirement in the case of osseous fracture. In this work the in vivo degradation of devices from copolymer, as a system of plates and screws, used in fixation of the tibia of rabbits was studied. The devices were implanted in 15 adult rabbits, albinos, New Zealand race, and they were used as control devices of alloys of titanium (Ti-6Al-4V/ V grade). The use of copolymers, synthesized in the laboratory, was tested in the repair of fracture in rabbits'tibias, being assessed in the following times: 2 weeks, 2 months and 3 months. Morphological analysis of tissue surrounding the plate and screw system, for 2 weeks of implantation, showed the presence of osteoblasts, indicating a pre bone formation. After 2 months there was new bone formation in the region in contact with the polymer. This bone growth occurred simultaneously with the process of PLDLA degradation, invading the region where there was polymer and after 3 months there was an intense degradation of the copolymer and hence greater tissue invasion compared to 2 months which characterized bone formation in a region where the polymer degraded. The in vivo degradation study of the devices for PLDLA by means of histological evaluations during the period of consolidation of the fracture showed the efficiency of plate and screw system, and it was possible to check formation of bone tissue at the implantation site, without the presence of inflammatory reaction

Comparação preliminar entre ultrassonografia quantitativa de falanges e densitometria óssea na avaliação da massa óssea em adolescentes

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between quantitative ultrasonography at hand phalanges (QUS) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and between these methods with food intake and history of bone fractures. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:After two years of follow up of 270 schoolchildren, 10 of them, who showed bone mass below - 2 SD in QUS, were included in the present study. Laboratory results and DXA data were analyzed. RESULTS: Bone mass evaluated by DXA at L1-L4 ranged from -2.8 to -1.1 SDS, and whole body bone mass, from -2.9 to -1.2 SDS. Three children had history of non-pathological bone fractures. Dietary assessment showed low intake of calcium in 10 cases, of phosphorus in 6, and of vitamin D in 8 cases. There were no differences among the cases of bone mass below-2 SD in any of the three used methods. There was no association between history of bone fractures and food intake, and between these evaluations and bone mass. CONCLUSION: In this small group of schoolchildren there was an association between the methods QUS and DXA. However, there was no association between bone mass and the history of bone fractures, or calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D intake.