A amizade para Foucault: resistências criativas face ao biopoder

O artigo trabalha a noção de amizade em Foucault como um modo de vida que se opõe ao processo de normalização empreendido pelo biopoder. Inicia com uma caracterização acerca do Estado Moderno. Logo após, aborda a historicidade dos processos de subjetivação e de como a atitude frente a estes implica estados de maior autonomia ou sujeição. em seguida, aborda a amizade como resistência à normalização, situando-a em relação ao prazer e à sexualidade. Por fim, discute o papel da filosofia no processo de constituição da amizade, particularmente quanto à possibilidade de pensá-la por meio de uma teoria das relações.

Os focos de resistência face ao poder disciplinar: afetos e sociabilidades nos discursos de uma apenada

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Das cinzas aos mafuás: infância e morte na lírica de Manuel Bandeira

Cet article étudie la poésie de l'enfance et de la mort de Manuel Bandeira, à partir de la relation entre l'expérience, le langage et le sens, afin de mettre en place une nouvelle perspective sur ce thème, qui sert de guide et structure son Estrela da vida inteira (1966). Pour cela, il faut introduire la notion de lyrique, discutée par Theodor Adorno, pendant la conférence Lírica e sociedade (1958), à promouvoir la compréhension du poète, comme c'est le cas de Bandeira, implique son art par le biais de la dimension négative face à une situation de fétichisation des choses, afin d'appréhender des expériences qui constituent la substance de la vie et l'essence de la poésie. À cette perspective de lyrique s ajoutent les concepts de l'enfance et de la mort, exploités par Giorgio Agamben, dans les oeuvres Infância e história (2005) et A linguagem e a morte (2006), étant largement favorables à la compréhension de la poétique de l'enfance chez Manuel Bandeira, comme une sorte de discours qui récupère l'idée d'expérience dans l actualité, en marquant la limite entre une expérience muette et une expérience de la langue, de même, la mort apporte des implications relatives à la négativité, comme une brèche par laquelle l'auteur explore la signification de sa lyrique et la«dénoue» des incrustations du monde réifié, pour être dans la défense du langage non contaminé par le clôturée qui entravent la conservation de la créature et la donnée originaire des choses . Cela culmine l aboutissement de la thèse, la conclusion d être la négativité la voie qui explicite, dans l oeuvre bandeirienne, la culture brésilienne non comme une totalité positivée dans une ethnie, classe ou nation, mais comme un langage qui reconstruit, avec lyrisme, le coloré mosaïque qui est le Brésil

CENSUS HISTOGRAMS: A SIMPLE FEATURE EXTRACTION and MATCHING APPROACH FOR FACE RECOGNITION

Most face recognition approaches require a prior training where a given distribution of faces is assumed to further predict the identity of test faces. Such an approach may experience difficulty in identifying faces belonging to distributions different from the one provided during the training. A face recognition technique that performs well regardless of training is, therefore, interesting to consider as a basis of more sophisticated methods. In this work, the Census Transform is applied to describe the faces. Based on a scanning window which extracts local histograms of Census Features, we present a method that directly matches face samples. With this simple technique, 97.2% of the faces in the FERET fa/fb test were correctly recognized. Despite being an easy test set, we have found no other approaches in literature regarding straight comparisons of faces with such a performance. Also, a window for further improvement is presented. Among other techniques, we demonstrate how the use of SVMs over the Census Histogram representation can increase the recognition performance.

Human face verification based on multidimensional Polynomial Powers of Sigmoid (PPS)

In this paper, we described how a multidimensional wavelet neural networks based on Polynomial Powers of Sigmoid (PPS) can be constructed, trained and applied in image processing tasks. In this sense, a novel and uniform framework for face verification is presented. The framework is based on a family of PPS wavelets,generated from linear combination of the sigmoid functions, and can be considered appearance based in that features are extracted from the face image. The feature vectors are then subjected to subspace projection of PPS-wavelet. The design of PPS-wavelet neural networks is also discussed, which is seldom reported in the literature. The Stirling Universitys face database were used to generate the results. Our method has achieved 92 % of correct detection and 5 % of false detection rate on the database.

Avaliação da eficácia de selante ionomérico modificado por resina e escovação dentária na preservação de cárie oclusal

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness during a twelve-month period, of resin-modified glass ionomer (Vitremer@) used as fissure sealants compared to supervised teeth brushing in the prevention of oclusal caries in permarient molars of pubIlc school children from 5 to 7 years of age. A total of 91 children participated in the study, being randomly divided up into three groups of investigation: group with sealant (n=31), group of supervised brushing (m=30), and control gorup (n=30). After 12 months, a total of 28.5% of tosses in the sample of 26 children was registered, and although there wasn t a significant diference between these losses and the groups studles (p = 0.6355), there was a considerable reduction in the sample. The results showed that none of the independentIy studied variables (present caries experience, biofilm, bleeding, sealant retention, position of the tooth in the arch, and sex) interfered in the final results, and that there was no significant difference between applying the sealant in question, perfornling supervised dental brushing, or not intervening at alI (p=0.542). These results could have been a consequence of the limitations found alI through the study, especially relating to the losses occurred because of school evasion, transfer, or because of the accident in the Marise Paiva Municipal School, Keeping students away for approximately one semester, so tht a new reseach had to be developed sos as to better clarify the effects among the treatments done there

A percepção das características da face infantil por adultos e crianças sob uma perspectiva evolucionista

Child facial cues evoke attention, parental care behaviors and modulate for infant- caretaker interactions. Lorenz described the baby schema ( Kindchenschema ) as a set of infantile physical features such as the large head, round face, high and protruding forehead, big eyes, chubby cheeks, small nose and mouth. Previous work on this fundamental concept was restricted to positive perception to infant face, and did not show consistent results about the development individuals perceptions, regarding the physical attributes that worked as markers of cuteness. Here, we experimentally tested the effects of baby schema on the perception of cuteness of infant faces by children and adults. We used 60 none graphically manipulated photos of different stimulus children faces from 4 to 9 years old. In the first task for the adults experimental subjects, ten stimulus photos were shown, whereas for children experimental subjects, four stimulus photos were shown at a time, with a total of six rounds. The second task involved only adults, who indicated the motivation of affective behaviors and care directed to children through a Likert scale. Our results suggest that both participants judged similarly the cuteness of children's faces, and the physical features markers of this perception were observed only for younger stimulus children. Adults have attributed more motivations of positive behaviors to cuter stimulus children. The recognition of the baby schema by individuals of different ages and genders confers the universality and power of children's physical attributes. From the evolutionary perspective the responsiveness to baby schema is significant to ensure aloparental and parental investment, and the consequent children survival

Família e subjetividade: tendências e particularidades das classes trabalhadoras no capitalismo contemporâneo

This work problematizes the inflections of the offensive of the capital on the work, having as a social-historical context the relation between the productive restructuring and the social reproduction of the working families classes. Part of the presupposition that the reproduction of the capital, to raise deep transformations in the productions, organization of the work and in the social relationships, it also produces determinations in the life and work conditions, in the affectionate relationships and in the family coexistence expressing, so, a subjective way. Thereby, the conditions of reproductions of the work in the scenery aimed by the contemporary capitalism have been demonstrating the crescent impoverishment of the workers, the alimentary insecurity, the shortage of the work, the weakness of the political organization and the regression of the State in the conduction of public policy that characterize the daily violation of human and social rights. In this approach, we seek to contemplate the several configurations of affectionate-sexual coexistence expressed by the family, articulating it to the contemporary work division, pondering about the forms of satisfaction of the needs engendered by the group for preservation of their bonds, in face to the daily adversity which translates to the growing responsibility to assist social d mands and in the impediments to the enrichment of the individuality and human diversity.

Redes sociais e comunidades virtuais para a preservação e transmissão das tradições gaúchas na Internet

Considerando a potencialidade apresentada pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação na atualidade este estudo aponta as formas pelas quais grupos sociais mobilizados em torno de uma vinculação étnica podem se servir do aparato da Internet, em especial do World Wide Web, para divulgar aspectos de sua cultura e modo de vida. Trata-se de grupos dedicados ao ensino, transmissão, preservação e disseminação da tradição gaúcha vinculados aos Centros de Tradições Gaúchas (CTG). Especificamente, este artigo apresenta como os tradicionalistas gaúchos estabelecem suas redes sociais na Internet, constituindo comunidades virtuais em torno do tema cultura e tradição gaúcha, fazendo uso dos serviços da Web 2.0. Abordam-se neste estudo experiências que indicam que o terreno virtual é fértil e possível de transformar e revolucionar o campo das tradições, sua preservação, disseminação e (re)invenção. No contexto de modernidade tardia esse recurso não pode ser descartado. Independente da análise se situar no campo econômico, político ou cultural, entre tantos outros, o fato é que a Internet se constitui num meio eficaz e abrangente de transmitir, ensinar e preservar conteúdos de todos os tipos.

A newly recognized syndrome of marfanoid habitus; Long face; Hypotelorism; Long, thin nose; Long, thin hands and feet; and a specific pattern of language and learning disabilities

Here, we report on a newly recognized syndrome in a Brazilian family with three affected women, who had a Marfanoid habitus; long face; hypotelorism; long, thin nose; long, thin hands and feet; and language and learning disabilities. The disorder is compatible with autosomal dominant inheritance. (C) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Eficácia da solução de cloreto de sódio a 7,5% com e sem dextran 70 a 6% na preservação da função renal de cães hipovolêmicos submetidos à isquemia-reperfusão

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As soluções hipertônicas de cloreto de sódio, associadas ou não a colóides hiperoncóticos, podem ser eficazes em proteger o rim em situações de hipovolemia. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar, em cães, o real benefício dessas soluções sobre a função renal, em vigência de hipovolemia e isquemia do órgão. MÉTODO: em 24 cães, anestesiados com pentobarbital sódico, submetidos à nefrectomia direita e à expansão volêmica com solução de Ringer (1 ml.kg-1.min-1), foram observadas possíveis alterações renais morfo-funcionais após hemorragia de 20 ml.kg-1 e trinta minutos de total isquemia renal esquerda, com posterior reperfusão, além da repercussão renal da administração de soluções de cloreto de sódio 7,5% (SH) e esta em dextran 70 a 6% (SHD). Atributos estudados: FC, PAM, pressão de veia cava inferior, fluxo sangüíneo renal, resistência vascular renal, hematócrito, Na+, K+, osmolaridade plasmática, PaO2, PaCO2 e pH, depuração (para-aminohipurato de sódio - PAH-1, creatinina, osmolar, água livre, Na+, K+), fração de filtração, volume e osmolaridade urinários, excreções urinárias e fracionárias de Na+ e K+ e exame histopatológico do rim. Os atributos foram estudados em três grupos (G1, G2 e G3) e em cinco momentos. RESULTADOS: Houve elevação estatisticamente significativa da pressão arterial média em G2 e G3, da resistência vascular renal em G1, do fluxo sangüíneo renal e da depuração de PAH em G3, da excreção fracionária de Na+ em G2 e G3, das depurações de creatinina, osmolar, de água livre e de Na+ e K+, da excreção urinária de Na+ e K+ e do volume urinário em G3. CONCLUSÕES: A SHD administrada 15 minutos após hemorragia moderada e 30 minutos antes de insulto isquêmico de 30 minutos foi eficiente em proteger o rim de cães das repercussões da isquemia-reperfusão. Não foi constatada alteração histopatológica renal à microscopia óptica.

Preservação da veia safena magna na cirurgia de varizes dos membros inferiores

A veia safena magna autóloga é o melhor substituto arterial nas revascularizações dos membros inferiores, importante na revascularização do miocárdio e pode ser utilizada nas cirurgias do sistema venoso e nos traumas das extremidades. A fleboextração aumenta os riscos de lesões linfáticas e neurológicas. Assim, no tratamento das varizes primárias dos membros inferiores por meio da cirurgia ou de outras técnicas, a preservação da safena é recomendável se ela for normal ou apresentar alterações que ainda permitam sua preservação pela correção da causa desencadeante. Tal correção pode ser feita por técnicas cirúrgicas. Entre elas, a cura hemodinâmica da insuficiência venosa em ambulatório (CHIVA) tem mostrado bons resultados. Recentemente, um ensaio clínico randomizado e controlado foi publicado comprovando sua eficácia. Outra técnica bastante utilizada é a da ligadura rasante da junção safenofemoral + crossectomia + ligadura das tributárias de crossa, com a qual se tem obtido resultados contraditórios. Finalmente, as técnicas que corrigem a insuficiência da safena reparando as valvas ostial e pré-ostial (valvoplastia externa) são mais fisiológicas. Um ensaio clínico internacional multicêntrico, randomizado e controlado, testando um novo dispositivo, está sendo realizado, com resultados iniciais favoráveis. Este estudo pretende fazer uma revisão sobre as técnicas utilizadas na preservação da safena magna.

Análise da degradação ambiental das áreas de preservação permanente localizadas no estuário do rio Ceará-mirim/RN

The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the main environmental impacts taking place in the permanent preservation areas located in the Ceará-Mirim River estuary/RN and its surrounding areas. For that, the study was divided in two chapters, structured in the shape of a scientific paper. The first is a theoretical proposition on the occupation of the APPs in light of the discussion of the geographic space and the sustainability of the development, where a bibliographical review was made emphasizing the production of the geographic space, the sustainability of the development and the permanent preservation areas. In the second chapter, from a systemic approach, geoprocessing techniques and the adaptation of the Pressure-State- Response Indicators System were used, the latter being developed by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. Therefore, from the methodological approaches used, it's been observed that the use of permanent preservation areas for purposes other than those determined in the legislation and, mainly guided by capitalist interests, leads to the environmental degradation of these areas, fact which has been confirmed in the empiric study conducted in the second chapter, where it was possible to identify a series of environmental impacts such as: deforestation of mangrove and riparian vegetation for carciniculture implantation, the devastation of dune areas caused by the urban expansion in the coastal stretch and siltation of fluvial channel

Protozoários de vida livre em dois trechos da bacia hidrográfica do rio pirangi (RN): relações com a educação em ciências e preservação

The vast hidric wealth of Brazil gets its watersheds more susceptible to impacts that compromise the water quality, affecting the ecosystem stability of aquatic environments. The decrease in the quality of water resources also results in a decrease of its multiple uses, especially in tourist areas of the coast, where the continuous flow of people to these sites increases even further the probability of inappropriate behavior of both tourists and local residents. Studies regarding the microbiological communities are still scarce, especially on the free-living protozoa that play unique roles in the food chain of aquatic ecosystems. Due to the large role played by this group of microorganisms in aquatic environments, the present study aimed at identifying the genus and species of free-living protozoa present in two sections of the Pium River, east coast of Rio Grande do Norte, making an association between the its occurrence and trophic conditions of the environment in which they are, also checking the bioindicator capacity of these organisms in water quality. It also aimed to conduct a survey with students to identify the main difficulties regarding the knowledge of free-living protozoa and hydric transmission diseases in two public schools near the river studied in the Pium district, county of Parnamirim. The survey was analyzed by means of questionnaires at both schools. Students identified several activities developed Pium river, highlighting its multifunctionality and importance to the region. A total of 76 taxa of free-living protozoa was recorded, of these, 33 were ciliates, 19 flagellates and 24 sarcodia. The spatial and temporal patterns of these organisms to both points studied revealed the bioindicator potentiality of some effective species identified. However, knowledge about the free-living protozoa proved quite lagged, presenting misconceptions that show them as pathogenic organisms exclusively, totally disregarding their ecological role. In order to remedy the flaws existing in students in relation to the functional role of protozoa, workshops were planned on these microorganisms while also addressing issues related to hydric transmission diseases through lectures, recreational activities and interactive presentations. These practical activities of Science Education had the goal of bringing students the context of local water resources, aiming to promote a greater clarification regarding of the functional role of free-living protozoa in aquatic environments