Avaliação da gestão curricular da matemática : cursos profissionais III

No mundo do trabalho, designadamente na indústria, acentua-se o défice de competências matemáticas nos profissionais da indústria, particularmente a Modelação Matemática, facto que constitui uma preocupação crescente à escala mundial e, obviamente, do sistema educativo português e da comunidade matemática nacional. Este défice é justificado pela falta de formação dos professores em contexto industrial e, de acordo com a National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, pela incapacidade que muitos docentes têm em apresentar a Matemática aplicada a situações laborais. Face à relevância social, económica e política da problemática descrita, centrou-se o presente estudo na Avaliação da Gestão Curricular da Matemática nos Cursos Profissionais de nível III do ensino secundário em Portugal, com enfoque na Modelação Matemática que, segundo os referentes internacionais, é simultaneamente uma competência e uma metodologia de ensino promotora do desenvolvimento de competências matemáticas nos profissionais da indústria. No contexto da gestão do currículo da Matemática para os cursos profissionais de nível III em escolas secundárias portuguesas, desenvolveu-se o presente estudo para se responder à questão de investigação: Em que medida a gestão curricular da Matemática, instituída, intencional e implementada nos cursos profissionais de nível III contempla situações-problema, suscetíveis de promover o desenvolvimento de competências no aluno, relevantes para o seu desempenho profissional? Construiu-se um referencial de avaliação, centrado na dimensão ecológica, segundo o modelo teórico Enfoque Ontosemiótico, abarcando um conjunto de sub-dimensões sobre as quais foram definidos critérios e respetivos indicadores. De realçar, ainda, que o referencial, além de ter servido de instrumento de avaliação da gestão curricular da Matemática nos cursos profissionais de nível III do ensino secundário, serviu, também, como guia orientador no desenho das sete situações-problema de natureza de Modelação Matemática no estudo de funções. O enquadramento metodológico do presente estudo assentou no método Estudo de Caso. Para analisar o caso, selecionaram-se sete unidades integradas de análise, a saber: a gestão curricular da Matemática de cada um dos seis professores participantes e a gestão curricular da Matemática instituída pelos normativos oficiais (programa da componente de formação científica da disciplina de Matemática para os cursos profissionais). Para a análise dos dados empíricos, respeitantes à gestão instituída, recorreuse à análise de conteúdo e teve essencialmente como propósito avaliar em que medida as orientações curriculares, emanadas no Programa da componente de formação científica disciplina de Matemática para os cursos profissionais de nível III, estão em conformidade com os referenciais teóricos. Sequencialmente, a operacionalização da avaliação intencional consubstanciou-se nos planos das aulas cedidos previamente a cada observação. A análise de conteúdo, como técnica de tratamento dos dados empíricos, foi a forma de se aceder às intenções de cada professor participante no estudo. A observação de aulas sucedeu à avaliação do plano de aula, constituindo a forma de avaliar in loco a gestão curricular da Matemática implementada, permitindo avaliar a coerência das observações com as intenções expressas nas planificações. Os registos das observações foram concretizados sob a forma de notas de campo que incluem uma componente descritiva e outra reflexiva que se dirigem para a análise dos dados empíricos recolhidos. Em termos de resultados, a avaliação da gestão curricular instituída foi reveladora de que o postulado pelos referentes para o desenvolvimento de competências tem a sua representação nas orientações curriculares expressas no Programa da componente de formação científica da disciplina de Matemática para os cursos profissionais de nível III. Contrariamente, a gestão curricular da Matemática pelos professores participantes revelou-se muito condicionada ao cumprimento dos conteúdos propostos pelo programa da disciplina. Por conseguinte, a gestão curricular da Matemática por competências, enfatizada no Programa (gestão instituída), encontrou, neste estudo, pouca tradução na gestão curricular intencional e implementada dos professores participantes, na medida em que a mesma não refletiu uma articulação com a componente de formação técnica do curso, visando uma metodologia proactiva no desenho de situações-problema promotoras de desenvolver, nos alunos, competências profícuas para a sua profissão, nomeadamente a Modelação Matemática. De salientar, ainda, que uma percentagem muito significativa de situações-problema propostas pelos professores não são, no geral, pertinentes para os respetivos cursos, não sendo, neste sentido, promotoras do estabelecimento de ligação com a futura performance profissional dos alunos. Tal lacuna parece ter resultado da ausência de trabalho colaborativo entre os professores de Matemática e os restantes docentes que constituem a equipa formativa do curso, lacuna que dificulta a articulação e coordenação em prol de um ensino contextualizado, ou ainda pela ausência de formação contínua pelos professores, no âmbito de temáticas inerentes à gestão curricular a cursos profissionais.

Pregnancy and newborns disorders followed by urine metabolomics

Chapter 1 introduces the scope of the work by identifying the clinically relevant prenatal disorders and presently available diagnostic methods. The methodology followed in this work is presented, along with a brief account of the principles of the analytical and statistical tools employed. A thorough description of the state of the art of metabolomics in prenatal research concludes the chapter, highlighting the merit of this novel strategy to identify robust disease biomarkers. The scarce use of maternal and newborn urine in previous reports enlightens the relevance of this work. Chapter 2 presents a description of all the experimental details involved in the work performed, comprising sampling, sample collection and preparation issues, data acquisition protocols and data analysis procedures. The proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) characterization of maternal urine composition in healthy pregnancies is presented in Chapter 3. The urinary metabolic profile characteristic of each pregnancy trimester was defined and a 21-metabolite signature found descriptive of the metabolic adaptations occurring throughout pregnancy. 8 metabolites were found, for the first time to our knowledge, to vary in connection to pregnancy, while known metabolic effects were confirmed. This chapter includes a study of the effects of non-fasting (used in this work) as a possible confounder. Chapter 4 describes the metabolomic study of 2nd trimester maternal urine for the diagnosis of fetal disorders and prediction of later-developing complications. This was achieved by applying a novel variable selection method developed in the context of this work. It was found that fetal malformations (FM) (and, specifically those of the central nervous system, CNS) and chromosomal disorders (CD) (and, specifically, trisomy 21, T21) are accompanied by changes in energy, amino acids, lipids and nucleotides metabolic pathways, with CD causing a further deregulation in sugars metabolism, urea cycle and/or creatinine biosynthesis. Multivariate analysis models´ validation revealed classification rates (CR) of 84% for FM (87%, CNS) and 85% for CD (94%, T21). For later-diagnosed preterm delivery (PTD), preeclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), it is found that urinary NMR profiles have early predictive value, with CRs ranging from 84% for PTD (11-20 gestational weeks, g.w., prior to diagnosis), 94% for PE (18-24 g.w. pre-diagnosis) and 94% for IUGR (2-22 g.w. pre-diagnosis). This chapter includes results obtained for an ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) study of pre-PTD samples and correlation with NMR data. One possible marker was detected, although its identification was not possible. Chapter 5 relates to the NMR metabolomic study of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), establishing a potentially predictive urinary metabolic profile for GDM, 2-21 g.w. prior to diagnosis (CR 83%). Furthermore, the NMR spectrum was shown to carry information on individual phenotypes, able to predict future insulin treatment requirement (CR 94%). Chapter 6 describes results that demonstrate the impact of delivery mode (CR 88%) and gender (CR 76%) on newborn urinary profile. It was also found that newborn prematurity, respiratory depression, large for gestational age growth and malformations induce relevant metabolic perturbations (CR 82-92%), as well as maternal conditions, namely GDM (CR 82%) and maternal psychiatric disorders (CR 91%). Finally, the main conclusions of this thesis are presented in Chapter 7, highlighting the value of maternal or newborn urine metabolomics for pregnancy monitoring and disease prediction, towards the development of new early and non-invasive diagnostic methods.

Characterization of water-soluble organic matter from urban aerosols

Water-soluble organic matter (WSOM) from atmospheric particles comprises a complex array of molecular structures that play an important role on the physic-chemical properties of atmospheric particles and, therefore, are linked to several global-relevant atmospheric processes which impact the climate and public health. Due to the large variety of sources and formation processes, adequate knowledge on WSOM composition and its effects on the properties of atmospheric aerosol are still limited. Therefore, this thesis aims at providing new insights on the molecular composition of WSOM from fine atmospheric aerosols typical of an urban area (Aveiro, Portugal). In a first step, adsorption phenomena of semivolatile organic compounds on quartz fibre filters employed in the collection of atmospheric aerosols were assessed. Afterwards, atmospheric aerosol samples were collected during fifteen months, on a weekly basis. A mass balance of aerosol samples was performed in order to set the relative contribution of elemental carbon, WSOM and water-insoluble organic matter to the aerosol mass collected at the urban area of Aveiro, with a special focus on the assessment of the influence of different meteorological conditions. In order to assess the chemical complexity of the WSOM from urban aerosols, their structural characteristics were studied by means of Fourier transform infrared infrared - Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) and solid-state cross polarization with magic angle spinning 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (CPMAS 13C NMR) spectroscopies, as well as their elemental composition. The structural characterization of aerosol WSOM samples collected in the urban area highlighted a highly complex mixture of functional groups. It was concluded that aliphatic and aromatic structures, hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups are characteristic to all samples. The semi-quantitative assessment of the CPMAS 13C NMR data showed different distributions of the various functional groups between the aerosol samples collected at different seasons. Moreover, the presence of signals typical of lignin-derived structures in both CPMAS 13C NMR and FTIR-ATR spectra of the WSOM samples from the colder seasons, highlights the major contribution of biomass burning processes in domestic fireplaces, during low temperature conditions, into the bulk chemical properties of WSOM from urban aerosols. A comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC x LC) method, on-line coupled to a diode array, fluorescence, and evaporative light scattering detectors, was employed for resolving the chemical heterogeneity of the aerosol WSOM samples and, simultaneously, to map the hydrophobicity versus the molecular weight distribution of the samples. The LC x LC method employed a mixed-mode hydrophilic interaction column operating under aqueous reversed phase mode in the first dimension, and a size-exclusion column in the second dimension, which was found to be useful for separating the aerosol WSOM samples into various fractions with distinct molecular weight and hydrophobic features. The estimative of the average molecular weight (Mw) distribution of the urban aerosol WSOM samples ranged from 48 to 942 Da and from 45 to 1241 Da in terms of UV absorption and fluorescence detection, respectively. Findings suggest that smaller Mw group fractions seem to be related to a more hydrophobic nature.

Analysis of the organic matter associated to sea salt : definition of potential molecular markers based on the volatile composition and presence of glycosidic derivatives and polysaccharides

Sea salt is a natural product obtained from the evaporation of seawater in saltpans due to the combined effect of wind and sunlight. Nowadays, there is a growing interest for protection and re-valorisation of saltpans intrinsically associated to the quality of sea salt that can be evaluated by its physico-chemical properties. These man-made systems can be located in different geographical areas presenting different environmental surroundings. During the crystallization process, organic compounds coming from these surroundings can be incorporated into sea salt crystals, influencing their final composition. The organic matter associated to sea salt arises from three main sources: algae, surrounding bacterial community, and anthropogenic activity. Based on the hypothesis that sea salt contains associated organic compounds that can be used as markers of the product, including saltpans surrounding environment, the aim of this PhD thesis was to identify these compounds. With this purpose, this work comprised: 1) a deep characterisation of the volatile composition of sea salt by headspace solid phase microextraction combined with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GCGC–ToFMS) methodology, in search of potential sea salt volatile markers; 2) the development of a methodology to isolate the polymeric material potentially present in sea salt, in amounts that allow its characterisation in terms of polysaccharides and protein; and 3) to explore the possible presence of triacylglycerides. The high chromatographic resolution and sensitivity of GC×GC–ToFMS enabled the separation and identification of a higher number of volatile compounds from sea salt, about three folds, compared to unidimentional chromatography (GC–qMS). The chromatographic contour plots obtained revealed the complexity of marine salt volatile composition and confirmed the relevance of GC×GC–ToFMS for this type of analysis. The structured bidimentional chromatographic profile arising from 1D volatility and 2D polarity was demonstrated, allowing more reliable identifications. Results obtained for analysis of salt from two locations in Aveiro and harvested over three years suggest the loss of volatile compounds along the time of storage of the salt. From Atlantic Ocean salts of seven different geographical origins, all produced in 2007, it was possible to identify a sub-set of ten compounds present in all salts, namely 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone, isophorone, ketoisophorone, β-ionone-5,6-epoxide, dihydroactinidiolide, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, 3-hydroxy-2,4,4-trimethylpentyl 2-methylpropanoate, 2,4,4-trimethylpentane-1,3-diyl bis(2-methylpropanoate), and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol. These ten compounds were considered potential volatile markers of sea salt. Seven of these compounds are carotenoid-derived compounds, and the other three may result from the integration of compounds from anthropogenic activity as metabolites of marine organisms. The present PhD work also allowed the isolation and characterisation, for the first time, of polymeric material from sea salt, using 16 Atlantic Ocean salts. A dialysis-based methodology was developed to isolate the polymeric material from sea salt in amounts that allowed its characterisation. The median content of polymeric material isolated from the 16 salts was 144 mg per kg of salt, e.g. 0.014% (w/w). Mid-infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry revealed the main occurrence of sulfated polysaccharides, as well as the presence of protein in the polymeric material from sea salt. Sea salt polysaccharides were found to be rich in uronic acid residues (21 mol%), glucose (18), galactose (16), and fucose (13). Sulfate content represented a median of 45 mol%, being the median content of sulfated polysaccharides 461 mg/g of polymeric material, which accounted for 66 mg/kg of dry salt. Glycosidic linkage composition indicates that the main sugar residues that could carry one or more sulfate groups were identified as fucose and galactose. This fact allowed to infer that the polysaccharides from sea salt arise mainly from algae, due to their abundance and composition. The amino acid profile of the polymeric material from the 16 Atlantic Ocean salts showed as main residues, as medians, alanine (25 mol%), leucine (14), and valine (14), which are hydrophobic, being the median protein content 35 mg/g, i.e. 4,9 mg per kg of dry salt. Beside the occurrence of hydrophobic volatile compounds in sea salt, hydrophobic non-volatile compounds were also detected. Triacylglycerides were obtained from sea salt by soxhlet extraction with n-hexane. Fatty acid composition revealed palmitic acid as the major residue (43 mol%), followed by stearic (13), linolenic (13), oleic (12), and linoleic (9). Sea salt triacylglycerides median content was 1.5 mg per kg of dry salt. Both protein and triacylglycerides seem to arise from macro and microalgae, phytoplankton and cyanobacteria, due to their abundance and composition. Despite the variability resulting from saltpans surrounding environment, this PhD thesis allowed the identification of a sea salt characteristic organic compounds profile based on volatile compounds, polysaccharides, protein, and triacylglycerides.

Síntese e transformações de compostos do tipo pirazol e 1,2,3-triazol

Compostos do tipo pirazol e 1,2,3-triazol encontram-se presentes em inúmeras moléculas biologicamente ativas. Muitos fármacos atualmente comercializados ou em fase de estudos clínicos contêm na sua estrutura base núcleos de pirazol ou 1,2,3-triazol. Por isso, estes compostos têm sido alvo de intensa pesquisa na procura de novas moléculas com potenciais aplicações medicinais e agroquímicas. Nesta dissertação são descritas novas vias de síntese de novos compostos do tipo pirazol e 1,2,3-triazol. No primeiro capítulo apresenta-se uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre a atividade biológica, ocorrência natural e métodos de síntese de pirazóis e seus derivados. O segundo capítulo foca-se na síntese de (E)-2-estiril-3-halo-4H-cromen-4-onas e sua transformação em 3(5)-aril-5(3)-[2-(2-hidroxifenil)-2-oxoetil-1H-pirazóis. Em primeiro lugar faz-se uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as (E)-2-estiril-4H-cromen-4-onas e a sua semelhança estrutural com as flavonas, a sua importância e ocorrência natural e métodos de síntese. São ainda abordadas as metodologias mais utilizadas para a síntese de derivados halogenados de (E)-2-estiril-4H-cromen-4-onas. Seguidamente são apresentados e discutidos os resultados da síntese de (E)-3-bromo-2-estiril-4H-cromen-4-onas através da reação de 5-aril-3-hidroxi-1-(2-hidroxifenil)penta-2,4-dien-1-onas com NBS, sob irradiação com micro-ondas, tendo sido estabelecida uma nova metodologia mais eficiente, rápida e regiosseletiva para a síntese de (E)-3-bromo-2-estiril-4H-cromen-4-onas, na ausência de solvente. São igualmente apresentados os resultados da síntese regiosseletiva de (E)-2-estiril-3-iodo-4H-cromen-4-onas através da reação de 5-aril-3-hidroxi-1-(2-hidroxifenil)penta-2,4-dien-1-onas com NIS e TFA/TFAA/NaOAc. Em ambos os métodos de halogenação desenvolvidos, obtiveram-se como produtos secundários as (E)-2-estiril-4H-cromen-4-onas correspondentes. Seguidamente é apresentado o estudo da reação de (E)-2-estiril-3-halo-4H-cromen-4-onas com hidrato de hidrazina. Ao contrário do esperado, obtiveram-se os 3(5)-aril-5(3)-[2-(2-hidroxifenil)-2-oxoetil-1H-pirazóis através de uma reação de adição conjugada 1,6-, de hidrazina à posição C- da cromona com consequente abertura do anel, seguida de uma adição conjugada 1,4- intramolecular. Estes resultados demonstraram que esta reação segue um mecanismo diferente daquele que está reportado na literatura para a reação de (E)-2-estiril-4H-cromen-4-onas não halogenadas em C-3 com hidrato de hidrazina. No terceiro capítulo apresenta-se uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre as propriedades, aplicações e metodologias de síntese de 1,2,3-triazóis, dando mais relevância às reações de cicloadição 1,3-dipolar e de “click-chemistry”. Seguidamente descrevem-se os resultados obtidos na reação de (E)-5(3)-estiril-3(5)-(2-hidroxifenil)-1H-pirazóis com a azida de sódio para obtenção de díades pirazol-1,2,3-triazol. No entanto esta reação deu origem a novos 5(3)-(2-aril-2-azidoetil)-3(5)-(2-hidroxifenil)-1H-pirazóis e não às díades pirazol-1,2,3-triazol pretendidas. Como o resultado não foi o esperado, desenvolveu-se outra metodologia de síntese, que envolve, num primeiro, a reação de (E)-2-estiril-4H-cromen-4-onas com azida de sódio, dando origem a 5(4)-aril-4(5)-(cromon-2-il)-1H-1,2,3-triazóis. No passo seguinte, efetuou-se a reação destes compostos com hidrato de hidrazina tendo ocorrido a formação das diades 5(4)-aril-4(5)-[3(5)-(2-hidroxifenil)-1H-pirazol-5(3)-il]-1H-1,2,3-triazol pretendidas. No quarto capítulo, estudou-se a reatividade de (E)-5(3)-estiril-3(5)-(2-hidroxifenil)-1H-pirazóis em reações de iodação com vista à obtenção de 4-iodo-1H-pirazóis. Apresenta-se uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre os diferentes métodos descritos na literatura para a iodação de compostos heterocíclicos aromáticos, nomeadamente para a obtenção de 4-iodo-1H-pirazóis. Dos vários sistemas de iodação testados, o sistema oxidativo I2/CAN foi o que deu melhores resultados na iodação dos (E)-5(3)-estiril-3(5)-(2-hidroxifenil)-1H-pirazóis. Este método permitiu iodar a posição C-4 do núcleo de pirazol apenas para os derivados que possuem o grupo nitro ou o átomo de cloro no anel do grupo estirilo, obtendo-se o 3(5)-(2-hidroxifenil)-4-iodo-5(3)-(4-nitrofenil)vinil-1H-pirazol e o 5(3)-(4-clorofenil)vinil)-3(5)-(2-hidroxi-5-iodofenil)-4-iodo-1H-pirazol; no entanto, para os restantes derivados, verificou-se apenas a iodação nas posições ativadas do anel fenólico. Todos os novos compostos sintetizados foram caraterizados estruturalmente recorrendo a estudos de espetroscopia de ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN) mono e bidimensionais. Sempre que possível, para uma caraterização estrutural mais completa, foram efetuados espetros de massa (EM) e análises elementares ou espetros de massa de alta resolução (EMAR) para todos os novos compostos sintetizados. Finalmente são apresentadas as conclusões gerais deste trabalho e perspetivas futuras.

Phthalocyanines : interaction with carbon structures and as PDT agents

This dissertation describes the synthesis and characterization of different phthalocyanine (Pc) derivatives, as well as some porphyrins (Pors), for supramolecular interaction with different carbon nanostructures, to evaluate their potential application in electronic nanodevices. Likewise, it is also reported the preparation and biological evaluation of interesting phthalocyanine conjugates for cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT) and microorganisms photodynamic inactivation (PDI). The phthalonitrile precursors were prepared from commercial phthalonitriles by nucleophilic substitution of -NO2, -Cl, or -F groups, present in the phthalonitrile core, by thiol or pyridyl units. After the synthesis of these phthalonitriles, the corresponding Pcs were prepared by ciclotetramerization using a metallic salt as template at high temperatures. A second strategy involved the postfunctionalization of hexadecafluorophthalocyaninato zinc(II) through the adequate substituents of mercaptopyridine or cyclodextrin units on the macrocycle periphery. The different compounds were structurally characterized by diverse spectroscopic techniques, namely 1H, 13C and 19F nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies (attending the elemental composition of each structure); absorption and emission spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. For the specific photophysical studies were also used electrochemical characterization, femtosecond and raman spectroscopy, transmission electron and atomic force microscopy. It was highlighted the noncovalent derivatisation of carbon nanostructures, mainly single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) and graphene nanosheets with the prepared Pc conjugates to study the photophysical properties of these supramolecular nanoassemblies. Also, from pyridyl-Pors and ruthenium phthalocyanines (RuPcs) were performed Por-RuPcs arrays via coordination chemistry. The results obtained of the novel supramolecular assemblies showed interesting electron donor-acceptor interactions and might be considered attractive candidates for nanotechnological devices. On the other hand, the amphiphilic phthalocyanine-cyclodextrin (Pc-CD) conjugates were tested in biological trials to assess their ability to inhibit UMUC- 3 human bladder cancer cells. The results obtained demonstrated that these photoactive conjugates are highly phototoxic against human bladder cancer cells and could be applied as promising PDT drugs.

NMR in the characterization of heavy residual procedural streams

The main objective of this work was to monitor a set of physical-chemical properties of heavy oil procedural streams through nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, in order to propose an analysis procedure and online data processing for process control. Different statistical methods which allow to relate the results obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy with the results obtained by the conventional standard methods during the characterization of the different streams, have been implemented in order to develop models for predicting these same properties. The real-time knowledge of these physical-chemical properties of petroleum fractions is very important for enhancing refinery operations, ensuring technically, economically and environmentally proper refinery operations. The first part of this work involved the determination of many physical-chemical properties, at Matosinhos refinery, by following some standard methods important to evaluate and characterize light vacuum gas oil, heavy vacuum gas oil and fuel oil fractions. Kinematic viscosity, density, sulfur content, flash point, carbon residue, P-value and atmospheric and vacuum distillations were the properties analysed. Besides the analysis by using the standard methods, the same samples were analysed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The second part of this work was related to the application of multivariate statistical methods, which correlate the physical-chemical properties with the quantitative information acquired by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Several methods were applied, including principal component analysis, principal component regression, partial least squares and artificial neural networks. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the number of predictive variables and to transform them into new variables, the principal components. These principal components were used as inputs of the principal component regression and artificial neural networks models. For the partial least squares model, the original data was used as input. Taking into account the performance of the develop models, by analysing selected statistical performance indexes, it was possible to conclude that principal component regression lead to worse performances. When applying the partial least squares and artificial neural networks models better results were achieved. However, it was with the artificial neural networks model that better predictions were obtained for almost of the properties analysed. With reference to the results obtained, it was possible to conclude that nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical methods can be used to predict physical-chemical properties of petroleum fractions. It has been shown that this technique can be considered a potential alternative to the conventional standard methods having obtained very promising results.